Swiss roll
- This article is about the cake. For the use of the term in electromagnetics and optics see Swiss roll (metamaterial)
A Swiss roll or jelly roll is a type of sponge cake roll. The thin cake is made of eggs, flour and sugar and baked in a very shallow rectangular baking tray, called a sheet pan. The cake is removed from the pan and spread with jam or buttercream, rolled up, and served in circular slices.
The origins of the term "Swiss roll" are unclear. The cake originated in Central Europe, but not in Switzerland as the name would suggest. It appears to have been invented in the nineteenth century, along with Battenberg, doughnuts and Victoria sponge. The shape of the Swiss roll has inspired usage of the term as a descriptive term in other fields, such as in optics.
History
Different countries
Hong Kong
The origin of this pastry is likely from the UK, since Hong Kong was a British colony from the 19th to late 20th century. The cake is never packaged, as it is sold fresh daily in the Chinese bakeries. Overall, this cake has been sold next to other Chinese pastries well before the popularising of western-style bakeries such as Maxim. There are several popular variations.
- The first is the Swiss Roll version (Chinese: 瑞士卷 or 瑞士卷蛋糕). The roll is made of a standard recipe, and a whipped cream filling is standard.
- The second is the Chocolate Swiss Roll version (Chinese: 朱古力瑞士卷). The roll is made of egg in combination with chocolate flavouring. It also has a whipped cream filling.
- Some bakeries offer their own variations, such as layers of egg and chocolate swirl. Other variations include strawberry, coffee and orange fillings.
- Another flavour popular in Hong Kong is the mango flavour, which has a mango flavoured roll with a whipped cream filling.
- A popular flavour in Chinese Bakeries in America is the Tiger Roll. It has a coffee-flavoured golden-esque stripped outer appearance and is chocolate coloured with traditional white cream inside. It is similar to the look of a Tiger Bread or as known in Northern California, the Dutch Crunch Bread.
It can be served with different things and is a dessert.
Overseas Chinatowns
Most U.S. Chinatown bakeries sell the basic Hong Kong Egg Roll version. It essentially looks and tastes identical to the one sold in Hong Kong.
India
In India Swiss rolls are called Jam Rolls. Tiny village Kanjirapally in the south Indian state of Kerala is the best known place for Jam Rolls. A special type of swiss roll with pineapple jelly filling was developed by Kunju's cake shop started in 1931. They use only organic raw materials and rolls are baked in wood-fired traditional oven.
Indonesia
In Indonesia, the Swiss Roll Cake is called Bolu Gulung. Most bakeries sell Swiss Rolls daily, and they are filled with butter cream, cheese or fruit jam. It is also very common for the Swiss Rolls to be sold by the slice, but some shops sell by both slice and roll.
Malaysia
Varieties produced in Malaysia include coconut (kaya), pandan, blueberry, strawberry, and vanilla.
Portugal
In Portugal desserts called tortas are commonly found on restaurant menus. Such desserts are not tarts, nor are they similar to German torte. They are simply Swiss rolls with jam filling.
Sweden
In Sweden, the Swiss roll is called rulltårta (roll-cake). It is commonly served with coffee. The filling often consists of butter cream and strawberry jam. The base of a chocolate version, called drömrulltårta (dream roll-cake) is made mostly of potato flour, instead of the typical wheat flour, and is filled with butter cream.
More elaborate versions of the Swiss roll can be found in bakeries, with, for example, whipped cream and a whole banana rolled in the middle, or with a thin marzipan coating that resembles a birch log.
Switzerland
Despite its name, the Swiss roll does not originate in Switzerland and is not widely eaten there. Swiss rolls are called Biskuitroulade or Roulade in Swiss German, gâteau roulé or roulade in French and biscotto arrotolato in Italian.
United Kingdom
In the UK the Swiss roll is popular for tea time or as a dessert. A variety of Swiss rolls are available on sale in supermarkets in the United Kingdom, such as the chocolate Swiss roll, lemon Swiss roll or the jam Swiss roll; these Swiss rolls will have different colours. The jam Swiss roll will be filled with jam and also possibly cream as a filling, and sugar covers it on the outside. The chocolate Swiss roll is made in Great Britain in a similar way to the United States. Jam Roly-Poly is a similar dessert made with suet pudding rather than cake, filled with jam and served hot with custard.
United States
The most common method of making a Swiss roll is to use a basic sponge cake recipe. Chocolate Swiss rolls called Ho Hos are made in the same way, but cocoa powder is substituted for some of the flour, and the cake is filled with either whipped cream or with butter cream, and sometimes flavoured with vanilla, chocolate, or a chocolate-flavoured liqueur. A chocolate Swiss roll is sometimes called a chocolate log. Swiss rolls in the United States are often called "Jelly Rolls". Swiss Cake Rolls are often sliced in half. The two halves are then packaged together, creating the illusion that they are two smaller Swiss Cake Rolls.
In other languages
- Bahasa Indonesia: Bolu gulung (literally rolled cake)
- Catalan: Braç de gitano
- Danish: Roulade
- Estonian: Rullbiskviit
- French: Gâteau roulé or Roulade or Rouleau Suisse
- Finnish: Kääretorttu
- German: Biskuitrolle, or Biskuitroulade (Austria)
- Italian: Tronchetto (literally "little trunk" (of the tree))
- Hebrew: גלילה (gəlēlah)
- Hungarian: Lekváros tekercs, or Piskóta tekercs
- Norwegian: Rullekake
- Persian: رولت (Rolet)
- Portuguese: Torta (Portugal), Rocambole (Brazil)
- Romanian: ruladă
- Russian: Рулет or Рулетка
- Spanish: In Colombia, a Swiss Roll is called either pionono or brazo de reina, where it's filled with dulce de guayaba (guava jam) or arequipe. In Argentina and Peru, it is called pionono, where it's filled with dulce de leche manjarblanco. In Chile, it is called brazo de Reina. In the Philippines, it is called brazo de Mercedes. In Spain, it is called brazo de gitano (literally translated as gypsy's arm) and is commonly filled with cream or chocolate truffle, and although in Venezuela it is known under the same name as in Spain, there is a vast array of fillings that go from cream, chocolate truffle, dulce de guayaba (guava jam),dulce de leche manjarblanco', combined with fruits.
- Ukrainian: Рулет
- Japanese:ロールケーキ (Roll cake)
- Swedish: Rulltårta
- Turkish: Rulo pasta (Roll cake)
References
http://www.localhistories.org/biscuits.html
See also
