Emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Combination drug for HIV}} |
{{Short description|Combination drug for HIV}} |
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{{About|the combination medication emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir ''disoproxil''|the combination medication emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir ''alafenamide''|Tenofovir alafenamide#combinations}} |
{{About|the combination medication emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir ''disoproxil''|the combination medication emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir ''alafenamide''|Tenofovir alafenamide#combinations}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}} |
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{{Infobox drug |
{{Infobox drug |
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'''Emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir''', sold under the brand name '''Complera''' among others, is a [[fixed-dose combination]] of [[antiretroviral]] drugs for the treatment of [[HIV/AIDS]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Approval of Complera: emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir DF fixed dose combination |url=https://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ByAudience/ForPatientAdvocates/HIVandAIDSActivities/ucm267592.htm |publisher=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) |date=August |
'''Emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir''', sold under the brand name '''Complera''' among others, is a [[fixed-dose combination]] of [[antiretroviral]] drugs for the treatment of [[HIV/AIDS]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Approval of Complera: emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir DF fixed dose combination |url=https://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/ByAudience/ForPatientAdvocates/HIVandAIDSActivities/ucm267592.htm |publisher=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) |date=10 August 2011 }}</ref> The drug was co-developed by [[Gilead Sciences]] and [[Johnson & Johnson]]'s [[Tibotec]] division and was approved by the US [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) in August 2011, and by the [[European Medicines Agency]] in November 2011,<ref name="Eviplera EPAR" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/human/medicines/002312/human_med_001514.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058001d124 |title=Eviplera; summary of the European public assessment report |publisher=[[European Medicines Agency]] |date=November 2011 |access-date=29 January 2012 |archive-date=24 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130524144857/http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/human/medicines/002312/human_med_001514.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058001d124 |url-status=dead }}</ref> for patients who have not previously been treated for HIV.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9P1ERH80.htm |title=FDA approves Gilead-J&J HIV pill Complera |date=10 August 2011 |work=[[Business Week]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110910182000/http://www.businessweek.com/ap/financialnews/D9P1ERH80.htm |archive-date=10 September 2011 }}</ref> It is available as a once-a-day single tablet. |
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In the European Union it is marketed as Eviplera and in the US as Complera.<ref>[http://www.aidsinfonet.org/fact_sheets/view/471 Complera/Eviplera (Rilpivirine + emtricitabine + tenofovir)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809184246/http://aidsinfonet.org/fact_sheets/view/471 |date=2017 |
In the European Union it is marketed as Eviplera and in the US as Complera.<ref>[http://www.aidsinfonet.org/fact_sheets/view/471 Complera/Eviplera (Rilpivirine + emtricitabine + tenofovir)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809184246/http://aidsinfonet.org/fact_sheets/view/471 |date=9 August 2017 }}, aidsinfonet.org</ref> |
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== Medical uses == |
== Medical uses == |
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Emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir is indicated for treatment of HIV-1 in adults naïve to [[HIV-1]] medications (where the virus has not developed resistance to these anti-HIV medications) and who have no more than 100,000 copies per mL of HIV-1 RNA in their blood (“[[viral load]]”).<ref name="complera">Complera [package insert]. Foster City, CA: Gilead Sciences, Inc.; 2014. Accessed October |
Emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir is indicated for treatment of HIV-1 in adults naïve to [[HIV-1]] medications (where the virus has not developed resistance to these anti-HIV medications) and who have no more than 100,000 copies per mL of HIV-1 RNA in their blood (“[[viral load]]”).<ref name="complera">Complera [package insert]. Foster City, CA: Gilead Sciences, Inc.; 2014. Accessed 28 October 2014</ref><ref name="eviplera">Eviplera [package leaflet]. County Cork, Ireland: Gilead Sciences Limited.; 2013. Accessed 28 October 2014.</ref> |
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== Side effects == |
== Side effects == |
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* Decreased appetite |
* Decreased appetite |
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'''Serious'''<ref name="complera" /><ref name="SE">Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents. Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected Adults and Adolescents. Department of Health and Human Services [updated |
'''Serious'''<ref name="complera" /><ref name="SE">Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents. Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected Adults and Adolescents. Department of Health and Human Services [updated 1 May 2014]. Available from: http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/contentfiles/lvguidelines/adultandadolescentgl.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161101202407/https://aidsinfo.nih.gov/contentfiles/lvguidelines/adultandadolescentgl.pdf |date=1 November 2016 }}. Accessed 29 October 2014.</ref> |
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* [[Lactic acidosis]] (excess lactic acid in blood) is a rare and potentially fatal side effect. It is characterized by the following symptoms: deep and rapid breathing, tiredness or weakness, nausea, vomiting, abnormal muscle pain, dizziness or drowsiness |
* [[Lactic acidosis]] (excess lactic acid in blood) is a rare and potentially fatal side effect. It is characterized by the following symptoms: deep and rapid breathing, tiredness or weakness, nausea, vomiting, abnormal muscle pain, dizziness or drowsiness |
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* Serious liver problems, such as [[hepatomegaly]] (enlarged liver) and [[steatosis]] (fatty liver). Presentation typically includes: skin or the white part of the eyes turning yellow ([[jaundice]]), dark “tea-colored” urine, light-colored bowel movements, loss of appetite, nausea, stomach pain |
* Serious liver problems, such as [[hepatomegaly]] (enlarged liver) and [[steatosis]] (fatty liver). Presentation typically includes: skin or the white part of the eyes turning yellow ([[jaundice]]), dark “tea-colored” urine, light-colored bowel movements, loss of appetite, nausea, stomach pain |
Revision as of 06:54, 20 June 2024
Combination of | |
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Emtricitabine | Nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitor |
Rilpivirine | Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
Tenofovir disoproxil | Nucleotide analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitor |
Clinical data | |
Trade names | Complera, Eviplera |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Multum Consumer Information |
MedlinePlus | a616021 |
License data | |
Pregnancy category |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
ATC code | |
Legal status | |
Legal status | |
Identifiers | |
CAS Number | |
ChemSpider |
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KEGG | |
(verify) |
Emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir, sold under the brand name Complera among others, is a fixed-dose combination of antiretroviral drugs for the treatment of HIV/AIDS.[4] The drug was co-developed by Gilead Sciences and Johnson & Johnson's Tibotec division and was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in August 2011, and by the European Medicines Agency in November 2011,[3][5] for patients who have not previously been treated for HIV.[6] It is available as a once-a-day single tablet.
In the European Union it is marketed as Eviplera and in the US as Complera.[7]
Medical uses
Emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir is indicated for treatment of HIV-1 in adults naïve to HIV-1 medications (where the virus has not developed resistance to these anti-HIV medications) and who have no more than 100,000 copies per mL of HIV-1 RNA in their blood (“viral load”).[8][9]
Side effects
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Insomnia
- Abnormal dreams
- Dizziness
- Headache
- Rash
- Weakness
- Decreased appetite
- Lactic acidosis (excess lactic acid in blood) is a rare and potentially fatal side effect. It is characterized by the following symptoms: deep and rapid breathing, tiredness or weakness, nausea, vomiting, abnormal muscle pain, dizziness or drowsiness
- Serious liver problems, such as hepatomegaly (enlarged liver) and steatosis (fatty liver). Presentation typically includes: skin or the white part of the eyes turning yellow (jaundice), dark “tea-colored” urine, light-colored bowel movements, loss of appetite, nausea, stomach pain
- Worsening of hepatitis B (HBV) infection. Patients also diagnosed with HBV who stop taking Emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir may suddenly exacerbate their hepatitis.
- New or worsening kidney problems, including kidney failure
- Onset of depressive disorders or mood changes
- Changes in bone such as osteonecrosis (breakdown and death of bone)
- Increases or redistribution of body fat
- Immune system changes (e.g. Immune Reconstitution Syndrome)
Interactions
Contraindications
Use of emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir with the following medicines is contraindicated, as they lead to reduced blood levels of rilpivirine and in turn reduce the effectiveness of emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir:[8][11]
- carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin
- rifampicin, rifapentine
- omeprazole, esomeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole
- systemic dexamethasone (more than a single dose)
- St John's wort
References
- ^ "Complera- emtricitabine, rilpivirine hydrochloride, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tablet, film coated". DailyMed. 26 March 2021. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
- ^ "Complera Access - emtricitabine, rilpivirine hydrochloride, and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate tablet, film coated". DailyMed. 20 February 2024. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
- ^ a b "Eviplera EPAR". European Medicines Agency. 28 November 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
- ^ "Approval of Complera: emtricitabine/rilpivirine/tenofovir DF fixed dose combination". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 10 August 2011.
- ^ "Eviplera; summary of the European public assessment report". European Medicines Agency. November 2011. Archived from the original on 24 May 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2012.
- ^ "FDA approves Gilead-J&J HIV pill Complera". Business Week. 10 August 2011. Archived from the original on 10 September 2011.
- ^ Complera/Eviplera (Rilpivirine + emtricitabine + tenofovir) Archived 9 August 2017 at the Wayback Machine, aidsinfonet.org
- ^ a b c d Complera [package insert]. Foster City, CA: Gilead Sciences, Inc.; 2014. Accessed 28 October 2014
- ^ Eviplera [package leaflet]. County Cork, Ireland: Gilead Sciences Limited.; 2013. Accessed 28 October 2014.
- ^ a b Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents. Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected Adults and Adolescents. Department of Health and Human Services [updated 1 May 2014]. Available from: http://aidsinfo.nih.gov/contentfiles/lvguidelines/adultandadolescentgl.pdf Archived 1 November 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed 29 October 2014.
- ^ Gleason LJ, Luque AE, Shah K (2013). "Polypharmacy in the HIV-infected older adult population". Clinical Interventions in Aging. 8: 749–63. doi:10.2147/CIA.S37738. PMC 3693722. PMID 23818773.