July 2009 Ürümqi riots: Difference between revisions
ce |
Ohconfucius (talk | contribs) |
||
Line 131: | Line 131: | ||
===Internet response=== |
===Internet response=== |
||
The response to the riots on the Chinese blogosphere was markedly more varied than the official response. Despite many blocks and [[Censorship in the People's Republic of China|censorship]], Internet watchers monitored continued attempts by [[netizen]]s to divulge their own thoughts on the causes of the incident or vent their anger at the incident. While some bloggers were supportive of the government, others were more reflective of the event's cause.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.voanews.com/english/2009-07-08-voa13.cfm |work=VOA |title=Chinese Authorities Blame Internet for Fanning Uighur Anger}}</ref> Many messages were ethnically charged, and posts were swiftly deleted. Common themes were calls for punishment for those responsible; a few voices echoing nationalist sentiment evoked the name of General [[Wang Zhen]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/technologyNews/idUSTRE5651K420090707 |title=Chinese go online to vent ire at Xinjiang unrest |work=Reuters |date=7 July 2009}}</ref> |
The response to the riots on the Chinese blogosphere was markedly more varied than the official response. Despite many blocks and [[Censorship in the People's Republic of China|censorship]], Internet watchers monitored continued attempts by [[netizen]]s to divulge their own thoughts on the causes of the incident or vent their anger at the incident. While some bloggers were supportive of the government, others were more reflective of the event's cause.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.voanews.com/english/2009-07-08-voa13.cfm |work=VOA |title=Chinese Authorities Blame Internet for Fanning Uighur Anger}}</ref> Many messages were ethnically charged, and posts were swiftly deleted. Common themes were calls for punishment for those responsible; a few voices echoing nationalist sentiment evoked the name of General [[Wang Zhen]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/technologyNews/idUSTRE5651K420090707 |title=Chinese go online to vent ire at Xinjiang unrest |work=Reuters |date=7 July 2009}}</ref> |
||
The website of the 2009 Melbourne International Film Festival has been under attacks from alleged Chinese hackers after festival organisers decided to allow Rebiya Kadeer to attend the event – the MIFF is showing ''Ten Conditions of Love'', a documentary, featuring Kadeer. On 25 July, hackers put up pro-Chinese and Kadeer-targeted messages along with a Chinese flag in the background.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hackers frustrate film festival sales |first=Adele |last=Wong |author=agencies |work=The Standard |date=3 August 2009 }}</ref> |
|||
==International reaction== |
==International reaction== |
Revision as of 04:33, 3 August 2009
2009 Ürümqi riots Location of Ürümqi within China | |
---|---|
Location | Ürümqi, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, ![]() |
Date | 5 July 2009 |
Deaths | at least 197[1][2] |
Injured | 1,721[3] |
2009 Ürümqi riots | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chinese name | |||||||
Traditional Chinese | 烏魯木齊7·5騷亂 | ||||||
Simplified Chinese | 乌鲁木齐7·5骚乱 | ||||||
Literal meaning | Ürümqi 7·5 riots | ||||||
| |||||||
Alternate name | |||||||
Traditional Chinese | 烏魯木齊七·五暴力事件 | ||||||
Simplified Chinese | 乌鲁木齐七·五暴力事件 | ||||||
Literal meaning | Ürümqi 7·5 Violent Incident | ||||||
| |||||||
Uyghur name | |||||||
Uyghur | بەشىنچى ئىيۇل ۋەقەسى Beshinchi iyul weqesi "July 5th incident" |
The July 2009 Ürümqi riots[4] broke out on 5 July 2009, in Ürümqi, the capital city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, in northwestern China. Rioting on the first day involved at least 1,000 Uyghurs.[5][6][7] The event began as a protest, but after confrontations with police it escalated into attacks on Hans.[8][9] On 7 July, hundreds of Han people armed with makeshift weapons clashed with both police and Uyghurs.[10] On 8 July, Chinese President Hu Jintao cut short his attendance of the 35th G8 summit and returned to China due to the situation in Xinjiang.[11]
The violence was part of ongoing ethnic tensions between the Han—the largest ethnic group in China—and the Uyghurs—a Turkic, and predominantly Muslim, minority ethnic group in China. The specific riots were sparked by Uyghur dissatisfaction with the Chinese central government's handling of the deaths of two Uyghur workers, as part of an ethnic brawl ten days earlier in Guangdong province.[5][12][13][14] Officials said at least 197 people are dead,[2] with 1,721 others injured[3] and many motor vehicles and buildings destroyed.[15] Police attempted to quell the rioters with tear gas, water hoses, armoured vehicles, and roadblocks, while the government responded by strictly enforcing curfew in most urban areas.[6][16][17] Authorities shut down Internet services and restricted cell phone services in Ürümqi for the night.[18][19]
The cause of the riots is disputed. While the protests that preceded the riots were ostensibly a response to the death of two Uyghur workers in Guangdong, the Chinese central government claimed that the riots themselves had been planned from abroad by the World Uyghur Congress (WUC);[20] Rebiya Kadeer, its president, denied the charges.[12]
Background
History, demography, and social tensions
Xinjiang is a large region in central Asia that is governed as an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China. The region's ethnic composition is highly diverse, and is composed of numerous minority groups, 45% of its population being Uyghurs, and 40% Han,[21] who are the majority ethnicity in China. The region's capital, Ürümqi, is a heavily industrialised city of over 2.3 million people, approximately 75% of whom are Han, 12.8% are Uyghur, and 10% are of other ethnic groups.[22]
Tensions between Uyghurs and Han have existed in the area for several decades, especially in recent years. With the increasing pace of influx of Han, some Uyghurs believe that they are gradually being squeezed out, both economically and politically,[23] and say they are denied the rights to worship and to travel.[24] They also reject what they see as cultural imperialism from Beijing, which has for example ordered the demolition of parts of the Kashgar old town.[25] Instances of violence and ethnic clashes around Xinjiang include the 1997 Gulja Incident and the 2008 Kashgar attack, as well as the more widespread 2008 Uyghur unrest preceding the Olympic Games in Beijing. On the other hand, some Han people are dissatisfied by government policies which they believe favour Uyghurs,[26] and believe laws are more lenient towards Uyghurs than towards Han people.[24]
Immediate causes
The riots took place several days after the deaths of two Uyghurs at the Xuri Toy Factory in Shaoguan, Guangdong, where many migrant workers are employed. In late June, a Han female worker was reportedly sexually harassed by Uyghur co-workers in their residence quarters.[27] Rumours over rape at the factory were subsequently initiated by a disgruntled former co-worker.[12][28] Overnight, on 25–26 June, tensions at the factory led to a full-blown ethnic brawl between Uyghurs and Hans; in the ensuing violence, two Uyghur co-workers were killed.[29] Police investigations found no evidence that a rape had taken place.[30]
According to exiled Uyghur leaders, the death toll in the Guangdong incident was much higher than reported; although Xinhua reported that the person responsible for spreading the rumours was arrested, Uyghurs alleged the authorities also failed to protect the Uyghur workers, or to arrest any of the Han people involved in the killings.[31] Many Uyghurs were dissatisfied with the government's response to the killings, and a street protest was held in Ürümqi on 5 July to voice their disapproval.[12][13]
However, Chinese government officials argued that the riots were "a preempted, organised violent crime [...] instigated and directed from abroad, and carried out by outlaws in the country"[32] Nur Bekri, chairman of the Xinjiang regional government, said in a televised speech on the morning of 6 July that "some overseas opposition forces" took advantage of the Shaoguan killings "to instigate Sunday's unrest and undermine the ethnic unity and social stability in the autonomous region, with an aim to split the country";[32] the government asserts that the exiled independence group World Uyghur Congress (WUC) instigated the unrest via the Internet among other means, calling on supporters 'to be braver' and 'to do something big.'[32] Rebiya Kadeer, president of the WUC, said "What started as a peaceful assembly of Uighurs turned violent as some elements of the crowd reacted to heavy-handed policing. I unequivocally condemn the use of violence by Uighurs during the demonstration as much as I do China's use of excessive force against protestors... years of Chinese repression of Uighurs topped by a confirmation that Chinese officials have no interest in observing the rule of law when Uighurs are concerned is the cause of the current Uighur discontent."[33] Xinhua subsequently blamed the rioting on a CNN video of a stoning of a young girl in Mosul, Iraq on 7 April 2007, which someone had reposted on QQ on 3 July 2009 falsely entitled "a Uyghur girl beaten to death". The post apparently alleged the perpetrators were Han Chinese, and urged Uyghurs to "fight back with violence" and "repay blood with blood". Chinese authorities alleged the entry was posted by a key member of the WUC in Germany to fan ethnic confrontation.[34]
Events
Initial demonstrations
Demonstrations began on the evening of 5 July. A protest began in the Grand Bazaar, one of the city's prominent tourist destinations, denouncing the government's handling of the incident and demanding a full investigation of the killings; there were also reports of gatherings at the Ürümqi People's Square area.[17][35] The South China Morning Post cites eyewitness Gulinisa Maimaiti, a 32-year-old employee working for a foreign company who took part in the original protest. She said at first there were over 300 protesters in People's Square in Ürümqi demanding an investigation into the deadly brawl of 25 June in Guangdong. The violence "seemed to have started when the crowd, which she said grew to 1,000 people, refused to disperse," according to the Post.[36]
On 6 July, Nur Bekri, Chairman of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, presented official details and timelines before the riots broke out. Bekri said at about 5 p.m. on 5 July, more than 200 demonstrators gathered in People's Square in Ürümqi, and police detained around 70 leaders and swiftly controlled the situation. Then, a crowd gathered at minority ethnic groups' quarters around Jiefangnan Road, Erdaoqiao, and Shanxi Alley, and at about 7:30 p.m., more than one thousand gathered in front of a hospital in Shanxi Alley. At about 7:40 p.m., more than 300 people blocked the roads in the Renmin Road and Nanmen area. Police dispersed the crowd, according to state media.[37] Giving a similar account in a press conference on 7 July, Jirla Isamuddin, the mayor of Ürümqi, remarked that the protesters had been organised online via such services as QQ Groups.[38] Likewise, according to The Times, secret signs started appearing in taxi windows several days before the demonstration, suggesting that the protests had been organised beforehand.[39]
The exiled WUC leader Rebiya Kadeer said the demonstration against discrimination and "demanding an explanation" for the events in Shaoguan began peacefully,[13] a fact also confirmed by the Ürümqi municipal government.[38] Kadeer alleged that there were agents provocateurs stirring up the crowds.[40]
Escalation and spread
The New York Times cites an eyewitness who said the riots started sometime after 6 p.m. on 5 July, when protesters took to the street. Police confronted the protesters, and the ensuing clashes between protesters and police resulted in the burning and smashing of vehicles.[12] At least 1,000 Uyghurs were involved in the rioting when it began,[5][6][7] and the number of rioters may have risen to as many as 3,000.[14] A witness told Agence France-Presse that the confrontation between protesters and police involved about 3,000 Uyghurs—some of whom were armed with batons and knives.[41] Jane Macartney of The Times characterised the first day's rioting as consisting mainly of "Han stabbed by marauding gangs of U[y]ghurs."[42]
About 1,000 police officers were dispatched with tasers and weapons, and they fired gunshots into the air to try to quell the unrest.[41] The WUC claimed the protests turned violent due to police brutality,[43] or because police opened fire indiscriminately into the crowd.[41] Radio Free Asia reported a purported eyewitness saying "When the demonstrators reached the People's Square, armed police suppressed them using electroshock weapons and so on... After that, other protests erupted in Uyghur areas of town." [44]
During a press conference, Mayor Jirla Isamuddin said that at about 8:15 p.m., some protesters started to "fight and loot", overturning guardrails and smashing three buses before being dispersed. At 8:30 p.m., violence escalated around Jiefangnan Road and Longquan Street area, with rioters torching police patrol cars and "attacking passers-by". Soon, between 700 to 800 people went from the People's Square to Daximen and Xiaoximen area, with "fighting, smashing, looting, torching and killing" along the way. At 9:30 p.m., the government received reports that three people were killed and 26 were injured, six of whom were police officers. Police reinforcements were dispatched to hotspots – People's Square, Nanmen, Tuanjie Road, Saimachang and Xinhuanan Road. Police took control of the main roadways and commercial districts in the city at around 10 p.m., but riots continued in side streets and alleyways, with Hans attacked and cars overturned or torched, according to state media. Police then formed small teams and "swept" the entire city for the next two days. Jirla Isamuddin stated Ürümqi had returned to normal as of 7 July.[38] A strict curfew was in force;[45] authorites adopted a "comprehensive traffic control" from 9:00 p.m. Tuesday to 8:00 a.m. Wednesday "to avoid further chaos".[46]
The officiel news agency, Xinhua, reported that police believed agitators were trying to organise more unrest in other cities in Xinjiang such as Aksu and the Yili Prefecture.[47] As the protests spread to Kashgar, they also became violent.[48] Xinhua also reported that about 200 people were "trying to gather" at the Id Kah Mosque in the centre of Kashgar, but were dispersed by police early on Monday evening with no deaths or injuries.[47][49] The South China Morning Post reported that many shops were closed, and the area around the mosque was sealed off by a PLA platoon after the clash. Local Uyghurs blamed the security forces for using excessive force – they "attacked the protesters and arrested 50 people".[50] Another clash near the mosque on Tuesday (7 July) was reported, and an estimated 50 people were arrested. Up to 12,000 students at the Kashgar Teaching Institute were confined to campus since Sunday's riots, according to the Post. Many of its students had apparently travelled to Ürümqi to participate in the initially peaceful demonstrations.[51] Some 2,000 troops patrol Kashgar.[52]
Casualties and damage
After the first day's riot, Xinhua reported that 156 people were killed, of whom 129 were men and 27 women and 1,080 injured.[53] The World Uyghur Congress has claimed that the death toll was much higher, at around 600.[7] Xinhua did not immediately disclose the ethnic breakdown of the dead,[48] but according to journalists from the Times and the Daily Telegraph most of the victims appear to have been Han people.[24][54] Chinese authorities later stated that, of the 156 reportedly killed, 33 were Uyghur, and 123 were Han.[55] Xinhua also reported that 261 vehicles, 203 shops and 14 homes were destroyed.[56]
Xinhua revised that the death toll to 184 on 10 July, announcing that 137 were Han, 46 were Uyghur and one was from the Hui ethnic group.[57] Li Chunyang, spokesman for the Xinjiang government said that the death toll was dynamic because some victims being treated at the hospitals were in critical situation.[58] As for the injured, of 291 people received by the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region People's Hospital on the first day, 233 were Hans and 39 were Uyghurs.[56][59] Li Nanfang, Deputy chief of the People's Hospital, confirmed that "at least five" civilians injured in the first night of the riots had bullet wounds.[60] There were casualties among the rioters during the incident; for example, according to official accounts, a group of twelve rioters attacking civilians were shot by police.[61][62]
By 12 July, the number of injured had risen to 1,680, according to Xinjiang chairman Nur Berkri. Of 930 people hospitalised, 216 were said to be in seriously condition including 74 on the critical list; 627 vehicles and 633 constructions were also damaged.[15] Ürümqi municipal government initially announced that it would pay 200,000 yuan as compensation, plus 10,000 yuan as "funeral expense" for every "innocent death" caused by the riot.[63] The compensation was later doubled to 420,000 yuan per death.[64] Mayor Jirla Isamuddin estimated that the compensations will cost at least 100 million yuan in total.[63] By 15 July, Xinhua updated the death toll to 192, according to a Ürümqi official.[65] By 18 July, the death toll given by official sources had risen to 197.[1][2]
After 5 July
The city remained tense while journalists invited into the city witnessed confrontational scenes between Chinese troops and Uyghurs demanding the release of family members they said had been arbitrarily arrested.[42] Uyghur women told The Telegraph reporter that police entered Uyghur districts in the night of 6 July, bursting through doors and pulling men and boys from their beds and rounded up 100 suspects.[66] By 7 July, officials reported that 1,434 suspected rioters had been arrested.[67]
On 7 July, there were large-scale armed demonstrations[10] by ethnic Han in Ürümqi.[68] Conflicting estimates of the Han demonstrators' numbers were reported by the western media and varied from as low as 300 people[69] to as high as 10,000 people.[68] The Times reported that smaller fights were frequently breaking out between Uyghurs and Hans, and that groups of Han citizens had organised to take revenge on "Uyghur mobs".[42][68] Police used tear gas and roadblocks in an attempt to disperse the demonstration,[70] and urged Han citizens over loudspeakers to "calm down" and "let the police do their job".[68] Li Zhi, party chief of Ürümqi, stood on the roof of a police car with a megaphone appealing to the crowd to go home.[66]
Mass protests had been quelled by 8 July, although sporadic violence was reported. Cars transporting reporters from the People's Daily were attacked by unidentified mobs armed with knives, axes and iron sticks, although no one was seriously injured.[71] On the same day, Radio Free Asia reported that Ilham Tohti, an ethnic Uyghur economist at Minzu University of China, had been detained by authorities over his criticisms of the Xinjiang government and because the government claimed that his website Uyghur Online helped instigate the rioting by spreading rumors.[72][73]
On 10 July, the authorities conceded to Hui and Uyghurs demands, and reopened at least two mosques for Jumu'ah, traditional Friday prayers.[74] After prayers at the White Mosque, several hundred people demonstrated over people detained after the riot,[75][76] but were dispersed by riot police, with five or six people arrested.[75] Crowds gathered at transport hubs as people tried to flee the city.[74][77]
On 12 July, Chinese Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi said tranquility could be restored in the region and the perpetrators would be brought into court without any ethnical discrimination, in a 1 hour 15 minute phone conversation with his Turkish counterpart Ahmet Davutoğlu.[78]
In the first incident after the Sunday riots where people died, authorities reported on 13 July that police spotted three Uyghurs with long knives and batons attacking another Uyghur during a "routine patrol" near the People's Hospital. Police then are said to have opened fire, killing two attackers who refused to stand down.[79][80] Other eyewitness accounts, however, varied, and differed from the official account.[81]
Domestic reaction
Communications
China's two large mobile service providers have not been uniform in their response to the riots. China Mobile suspended its service in the region "to help keep the peace and prevent the incident from spreading further," while China Unicom said there was no interruption of its service in Xinjiang.[43] Outbound international calls throughout Xinjiang were blocked,[82] and Internet connections in the region had been locked down.[18][19] Many unauthorised postings on local sites and Google were "harmonised" by government censors; images and video footage of the demonstrations and rioting, however, were soon found posted on Twitter, YouTube, and Flickr.[83] The Xinjiang Regional Government's official website, as well as that of the Ürümqi Municipal government, had been inaccessible worldwide since the beginning of the protests.[31]
Government
Chinese television broadcast graphic footage of cars being smashed and people being beaten.[84] Xinjiang Autonomous Region Chairman Nur Bekri delivered a lengthy address on the situation, and its origins in Guangdong from several weeks earlier and claimed that the government of both Guangdong and Xinjiang had dealt with the deaths of the workers properly and with respect. Bekri, an ethnic Uyghur, reiterated the party line, and further condemned the riots as "premeditated and planned".[85] Eligen Imibakhi, chairman of the Standing Committee of the Xinjiang Regional People's Congress, blamed the July 5 riots on "extremism, separatism and terrorism".[86][87]
The Chinese media covered the rioting extensively, relying only on footage and reports from Xinhua and local branches of state television; top leaders chose to leave the issue in the hands of local officials,[88] Hours after troops stopped the rioting, the state invited foreign journalists on an official fact-finding trip to Ürümqi;[89] journalists from more than 100 media organisations were corralled into the same downtown Hoi Tak Hotel,[82] sharing 30 internet connections.[82] Journalists were given unprecedented access to troublespots and hospitals,[90] The Financial Times contrasted this improvement to the "public-relations disaster" of the Tibetan unrest in 2008.[88] President Hu Jintao curtailed his attendance of the G8 summit in Italy,[45] convened an emergency meeting of the Politburo, and dispatched Standing Committee member Zhou Yongkang as his emissary to “guid[e] stability-preservation work in Xinjiang".[91] South China Morning Post reported a government source saying Beijing would re-evaluate the impact on arrangements for the country's forthcoming 60th anniversary celebrations in October.[92] However, a senior Chinese official – the Communist Party boss in Guangdong, Wang Yang, noted that the government policies towards ethnic minorities "definitely need adjustments", otherwise "there will be some problems."[93]
In an effort to sooth tensions immediately after the riots, state media began a mass publicity campaign throughout Xinjiang extolling ethnic harmony. Local television programs united Uyghur and Han singers in a chorus of "We are all part of the same family"; Uygurs who "acted heroically" during the riots were profiled; loud-hailer trucks blasted slogans in the streets. A common slogan warned against the "three forces" of terrorism, separatism and extremism.[94]
Internet response
The response to the riots on the Chinese blogosphere was markedly more varied than the official response. Despite many blocks and censorship, Internet watchers monitored continued attempts by netizens to divulge their own thoughts on the causes of the incident or vent their anger at the incident. While some bloggers were supportive of the government, others were more reflective of the event's cause.[95] Many messages were ethnically charged, and posts were swiftly deleted. Common themes were calls for punishment for those responsible; a few voices echoing nationalist sentiment evoked the name of General Wang Zhen.[96]
The website of the 2009 Melbourne International Film Festival has been under attacks from alleged Chinese hackers after festival organisers decided to allow Rebiya Kadeer to attend the event – the MIFF is showing Ten Conditions of Love, a documentary, featuring Kadeer. On 25 July, hackers put up pro-Chinese and Kadeer-targeted messages along with a Chinese flag in the background.[97]
International reaction
International organisations
United Nations: The United Nations human rights chief Navi Piley said she was "alarmed" over the high death toll, noting this was an "extraordinarily high number of people to be killed and injured in less than a day of rioting."[98][99] She also said China must treat detainees humanely in a way that adheres to international norms.[100] The Secretary General Ban Ki-moon urged all sides to exercise restraint,[101] and called on China to take measures to protect the civilian population as well as respect the freedoms of citizens, including freedom of speech, assembly and information.[102]
- Shanghai Cooperation Organisation: A statement from the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) said the organisation sincerely sympathise with the family members of those innocent people killed in the riot. The SCO's member states regard that the Xinjiang region is an inalienable part of the People's Republic of China and the situation in Xinjiang is purely China's internal affairs, the statement said. The SCO believes that measures the Chinese government is taking in accordance with the country's laws can restore peace and order in the region.[103]
Organisation of the Islamic Conference: The OIC decried the "disproportionate use of force", calling on Beijing to "bring those responsible to justice swiftly" and urging China to find a solution to the unrest by examining why it had erupted.[104] The head of the OIC Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu is to meet the Turkish Foreign Minister, Ahmet Davutoğlu, to discuss the situation.[105]
European Union: The European Union expressed concern over the clashes and urged the Chinese government to show restraint in dealing with the protests.[106]
Countries
Afghanistan: The Afghan government "backs the territorial integrity and sovereignty of China" a Foreign Ministry statement said. It also said Afghanistan is closely monitoring the situation and believes China can "deal with the issue in accordance with its national interests."[107]
Australia: Prime Minister Kevin Rudd on hearing "disturbing reports" of violence in Xinjiang urged restraint to bring about a "peaceful settlement to this difficulty."[108]
Belarus: The Foreign Ministry noted with regret the loss of life and damage in the region, and hope that measures taken by the Chinese authorities will allow the situation to normalise.[109]
Cambodia: The Cambodian government believes China is taking "appropriate" measures and regards the situation as an "internal affair".[110]
Canada: Canadian Foreign Affairs Minister Lawrence Cannon said, "Dialogue and goodwill are required to help resolve grievances and prevent further deterioration of the situation."[111]
France: Foreign Ministry spokesman Eric Chevallier expressed concern at the unfolding events.[112]
Germany: Chancellor Angela Merkel called for a peaceful solution to the incident. She added that she respects the "One-China policy" but that this also means respect for the rights of minorities.[108]
Iran: Foreign Minister Manuchehr Motaki shared the concerns of Turkey and the OIC, and appealed to the Chinese government to respect the rights of the Muslim population in Xinjiang.[113][114]
Italy: President Giorgio Napolitano brought up human rights at a press conference with Hu Jintao. He said both sides agreed that "economic and social progress that is being achieved in China places new demands in terms of human rights."[115]
Japan: Vice Foreign Minister Mitoji Yabunaka said that "the Japanese government is paying close attention to it, and is also concerned."[116]
Kazakhstan: Kazakh officials suspended visas for its citizens to Xinjiang, in agreement with Chinese authorities.[117] They also said they are assisting 1,000 Kazakh nationals who are fleeing the violence.[118] On 19 July, over 5,000 Uyghurs in Almaty held a demonstration to protest Chinese police use of deadly force against the rioters.[119]
Kyrgyzstan: The country says it is prepared to confront "an influx of refugees" and has tightened border controls.[120][121]
Micronesia: Vice President Alik Alik condemned the riot in Ürümqi, expressed condolences for "the loss of innocent lives", and referred to the rioting as a "terrorist act".[122]
Netherlands: The Chinese embassy was attacked by Uyghur activists who smashed windows with bricks.[70] The Chinese flag was also burnt[123] and 39 people remained detained out of 142 arrested.[124] China later closed the embassy for the day.[125]
Norway: About 100 Uyghurs protested outside the Chinese embassy in Oslo—11 of whom were detained; one attempted to scale the embassy fence. They were all released without charge.[126] The Norwegian government relayed its concern about the events to Chinese authorities, calling on all parties to refrain from violence and stressing the importance of dialogue.[127]
Pakistan: Foreign Office Spokesman Abdul Basit said there were some "elements" out to harm Sino-Pakistan ties, and will ensure the events will not damage or destablise the interests of the two countries.[128]
Republic of China (Taiwan): The government condemned all those who instigated the violence as deserving "the strongest condemnation". Premier Liu Chiao-shiuan also urged all parties to exercise self-restraint and hopes that the Chinese authorities will demonstrate the "greatest possible leniency and tolerance in dealing with the aftermath" and respect the rights of ethnic minorities.[129]
Russia: Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said the riot was an internal affair of China. "Using separatist slogans and provoking ethnic intolerance, the initiators of the disorder attacked citizens and beat them, turned over cars and torched them and looted shops and other buildings", he added.[130]
Serbia: The Foreign Ministry supported the efforts of Chinese authorities to restore order in Xinjiang, and stated that it opposes separatism and supports the "resolution of all disputes by peaceful means."[131]
Singapore: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs regretted the outbreak of violence and the loss of lives. It urged restraint and hoped the situation could be resolved through dialogue.[132]
Sri Lanka: The country, while expressing concern at the events, considered the incident to be an internal affair of China and is confident that efforts by the Chinese authorities will restore normalcy.[133]
Switzerland: The Swiss Foreign Ministry called on both sides to exercise restraint, adding it was "concerned" about events. It sent condolences to the families of victims and urged China to respect freedom of expression and the press.[134]
Turkey: The riot has created rifts in the diplomatic relationship between China and Turkey. Officially, the Foreign Ministry released a statement expressing "deep sadness" at the recent events, and urged the Chinese authorities to find the perpetrators and bring them to justice.[135][136] Turkey's Prime Minister Erdogan said the incident was "like genocide",[137][138] sparking a significant outcry from Chinese media.[139][140][141] Turkey's Trade and Industry Minister Nihat Ergun has also called for a boycott on Chinese goods.[142][143]
United Kingdom: Prime Minister Gordon Brown urged restraint on both sides.[115]
United States: White House spokesman Robert Gibbs said the United States regrets the loss of life in Xinjiang,[106] was deeply concerned and called on all sides to exercise restraint.[101] U.S. State Department spokesman Ian Kelly, said "it's important that the Chinese authorities act to restore order and prevent further violence."[144] The United States Commission on International Religious Freedom expressed "grave concern" over repression in China, and called for an independent investigation on the riots and targeted sanctions against China.[145]
Vietnam: Foreign Ministry spokesman Le Dung said Vietnam was closely following the situation, and believed the Chinese government was taking appropiate measures to restore public order and stability.[146]
Other organisations
- Amnesty International: The organisation called for an "impartial and independent" inquiry into the incident, adding that those detained for "peacefully expressing their views and exercising their freedom of expression, association and assembly" must be released and ensure others receive a fair trial.[147]
- Human Rights Watch: HRW urged China to exercise restraint and to allow an independent inquiry into the events, which include addressing Uyghur concerns about policies in the region. It also added that China should respect international norms when responding to the protests and only use force proportionately.[148]
Central Tibetan Administration: The Dalai Lama expressed concern over "the tragic loss of lives" and urged the Chinese authorities to exercise restraint.[149]
- Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb: According to London-based risk analysis firm Stirling Assynt, an Algerian organisation called al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) has issued the call for vengeance against Beijing for mistreatment of its Muslim minority.[150]
Media coverage
Chen Shirong, China editor on the BBC World Service, remarked at the improvement in media management by Xinhua: "To be more credible, it released video footage a few hours after the event, not two weeks."[151] Peter Foster of the Daily Telegraph observed that "long-standing China commentators have been astonished at the speed at which Beijing has moved to seize the news agenda on this event," and attributed it to his belief that "China doesn't have a great deal to hide".[90] The New York Times said "Chinese experts clearly have studied the so-called colour revolutions — in Georgia and Ukraine, and last month's protests in Iran — for the ways that the Internet and mobile communication devices helped protesters organise and reach the outside world, and for ways that governments sought to counter them." A University of California, Berkeley academic said that the Chinese authorities had learned from past mistakes, and were becoming more sophisticated.[89]
But Willy Lam, fellow of the Jamestown Foundation, was skeptical: "They are just testing the reaction -- if the end results turns out to be very negative, they will put the brakes on again, [like the reporting for Sichuan]".[152] There were instances of foreign journalists being taken into custody by the police, to be released shortly thereafter.[52] On 10 July, officials ordered foreign media out of Kashgar, "for their own safety."[153]
The People's Daily carried an essay rebuking certain western media outlets for their "double standards, biased coverage and comments". It said that China failed to receive fair 'repayment' from certain foreign political figures or media outlets for its openness and transparent attitude. The author said "a considerable number of media outlets still intentionally or inadvertently minimised the violent actions of the rioters, and attempted to focus on so-called racial conflict."[154] However, D'Arcy Doran from Agence France-Presse welcomed the increased openess for foreign media, but remarked that Chinese media closely followed the government line on reporting for events, focussing mainly on injured Hans and ignoring the "Uyghur story" or reasons behind the incident.[152]
Media gaffes
On 6 July, Reuters used a picture purporting to show the riots the previous day.[155] The photo, showing large number of People's Armed Police squares, was one taken of the 2009 Shishou riot and originally published on 26 June by Southern Metropolis Weekly.[156] The same picture was mistakenly used by other agencies;[157] it was on the website of The Daily Telegraph, but was removed a day later.[155] In an interview with Al Jazeera on 7 July, WUC leader Rebiya Kadeer used the same Shishou photograph to defend the Uyghurs in Ürümqi.[158] A World Uyghur Congress representative later apologised for this unintentional error, explaining that the photo was chosen out of hundreds for its image quality.[157]
See also
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png)
References
- ^ a b Hu Yinan, Lei Xiaoxun (18 July 2009). "Urumqi riot handled 'decisively, properly'". China Daily. Retrieved 18 July 2009.
- ^ a b c Yan Hao, Geng Ruibin and Yuan Ye (18 July 2009). "Xinjiang riot hits regional anti-terror nerve". Xinhua. Retrieved 21 July 2009.
- ^ a b AP (17 July 2009). "Initial probe completed and arrest warrants to be issued soon, Xinjiang prosecutor says". South China Morning Post. p. A7.
- ^ State media and government officials refer to it as '乌鲁木齐“7·5”打砸抢烧严重暴力犯罪事件' (lit. Ürümqi 7·5 Rioting Serious Violent Criminal Incident).
- ^ a b c Epstein, Gady (5 July 2009). "Uighur Unrest". Forbes. Retrieved 5 July 2009.
- ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
aljazeera
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c "China's Xinjiang hit by violence". BBC News. 6 July 2009. Retrieved 6 July 2009.
- ^ Wong, Edward (5 July 2009). "Migrants Describe Grief From China's Strife". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
- ^ "Han Chinese launch revenge attacks on Uighur property". The Guardian. 5 July 2009. Retrieved 9 July 2009.
- ^ a b "Riots engulf Chinese Uighur city". BBC News. 7 July 2009.
- ^ Guo, Likun (7 July 2009). "Hu holds key meeting on Xinjiang riot, vowing severe punishment on culprits". Xinhua.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|coauthor=
ignored (|author=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e Wong, Edward (5 July 2009). "Riots in Western China Amid Ethnic Tension". The New York Times. Retrieved 5 July 2009.
- ^ a b c Reuters (5 July 2009). "China calls Xinjiang riot a plot against its rule".
{{cite news}}
:|author=
has generic name (help) - ^ a b Macartney, Jane (5 July 2009). "China in deadly crackdown after Uighurs go on rampage". The Times. Retrieved 5 July 2009.
- ^ a b "Number of injured in Urumqi riot increases to 1,680". Xinhua. 12 July 2009.
- ^ Macartney, Jane (5 July 2009). "Uighur unrest threatens Beijing rulers' biggest party for a decade". The Times.
- ^ a b Branigan, Tania; Watts, Jonathan (5 July 2009). "Uighur Muslims riot as ethnic tensions rise in China". The Guardian. Retrieved 5 July 2009.
- ^ a b Graham-Harrison and Yu Le, Emma (6 July 2009). "Residents say Internet down in Xinjiang riot city".
{{cite news}}
: More than one of|author=
and|last=
specified (help) - ^ a b "Internet cut in Urumqi to contain violence: media". AFP. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "Civilians and armed police officer killed in NW China violence". Xinhua News. 5 July 2009. Retrieved 5 July 2009.
- ^ 2000年人口普查中国民族人口资料,民族出版社,2003/9 (ISBN 7-105-05425-5)
- ^ People's Republic of China Census, 2000. Numbers have likely changed since then.
- ^ "New Frontier, same problems". The Globe and Mail. p. parag. 10.
But just as in Tibet, the local population has viewed the increasing unequal distribution of wealth and income between China's coastal and inland regions, and between urban and rural areas, with an additional ethnic dimension. Most are not separatists, but they perceive that most of the economic opportunities in their homeland are taken by the Han Chinese, who are often better educated, better connected and more resourceful. The Uyghurs also resent discrimination against their people by the Han, both in Xinjiang and elsewhere.
- ^ a b c Moore, Malcolm (7 July 2009). "Urumqi riots signal dark days ahead". The Telegraph. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
- ^ Coonan, Clifford (7 July 2009). "Tension over Chinese migrants mirrors Tibet riots". The Independent.
- ^ Pei, Minxin (9 July 2009). "Uighur riots show need for rethink by Beijing". Financial Times.
Han Chinese view the Uighurs as harbouring separatist aspirations and being disloyal and ungrateful, in spite of preferential policies for ethnic minority groups.
- ^ 浩祥 (Hau Xiang in Washington) (27 June 2009), 广东汉族维族工人械斗百多伤二亡 (two dead and 100+ injured in Guangdong Han-Uyghur conflict (in Chinese)
- ^ "'No Rapes' in Riot Town". Radio Free Asia. 29 June 2009.
- ^ "Man held over China ethnic clash". BBC News.
- ^ Beattie, Victor (8 July 2009). "Violence in Xinjiang Nothing New Says China Analyst". Voice of America.
- ^ a b "China Says 140 Die in Riot, Uighur Separatists Blamed (Update2)". Bloomberg News. 5 July 2009.
- ^ a b c Xinhua (6 July 2009). "Civilians, officer killed in Ürümqi unrest". China Daily.
- ^ Kadeer, Rebiya (8 July 2009). "The Real Uighur Story". Wall Street Journal.
- ^ "Violence Video about Urumqi Riot is Fake". China Radio International. 29 July 2009.
- ^ "China for unequivocal stand against ethnic separation". The New Nation.
- ^ "Three killed and more than 20 hurt as rioting erupts in Xinjiang (subscription required)". South China Morning Post, 6 Jul 2009.
- ^ "新疆披露打砸抢烧杀暴力犯罪事件当日发展始末". 中新网 Chinanews.com.cn (in Chinese). 6 July 2009.
- ^ a b c "视频-乌鲁木齐"7·5"打砸抢烧严重暴力犯罪事件新闻发布会" (in Chinese). China Central Television. 7 July 2009. Retrieved 7 July 2009. Cite error: The named reference "cctv2" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ Swain, Jon (12 July 2009). "Security chiefs failed to spot signs calling for Uighur revolt". The Sunday Times. Retrieved 12 July 2009.
- ^ Marquand, Robert (12 July 2009). "Q&A with Uighur spiritual leader Rebiya Kadeer". Christian Science Monitor.
[Kadeer:] I was quite surprised by the loss of so many lives. Initially the protest was peaceful. You could even see Uighurs in the crowd holding Chinese flags. There were women and children, and that seemed at first like a good thing. But the Uighurs were provoked by Chinese security forces – dogs, armored cars. What has not been noted are the plain clothes police who went in and provoked the Uighurs. My view is that the Chinese wanted a riot in order to justify a larger crackdown; its an attempt to create solidarity between the Han and the government at a time when there is insecurity. Provoking the crowd justifies that this was a Uighur mob.
- ^ a b c Barriaux, Marianne (6 July 2009). "Three die during riots in China's Xinjiang region: state media". AFP.
- ^ a b c Macartney, Jane (7 July 2009). "Riot police battle protesters as China's Uighur crisis escalates".
- ^ a b Demick, Barbara (6 July 2009). "140 slain as Chinese riot police, Muslims clash in northwestern city".
- ^ "Urumqi Tense, Quiet after Violence". Radio Free Asia. 7 July 2009.
- ^ a b "Hu leaves G8 amid Chinese rioting". BBC News. 8 July 2009. Retrieved 6 July 2009.
- ^ Xinhua (9 July 2009). "Traffic curfew lifted, tension remains in Urumqi". China Daily.
- ^ a b "Mass arrests over China violence". BBC News. 7 July 2009.
- ^ a b Kuhn, Anthony; Block, Melissa (6 July 2009). "China Ethnic Unrest kills 156". All Things Considered. National Public Radio. Retrieved 6 July 2009.
- ^ Cui, Jia (9 July 2009). "Officials reject Rebiya's claims of unrest". Xinhua.
- ^ Clem, Will (8 July 2009). "An eerie silence after lockdown in Kashgar". South China Morning Post. p. A4.
- ^ Clem, Will (9 July 2009). "Thousands of students detained at college". South China Morning Post. p. A3.
- ^ a b AFP, staff reporter (11 July 2009). "Foreign media ordered out of Kashgar". South China Morning Post. p. A5.
- ^ "Death toll in Xinjiang riot rises to 156". Xinhua. 7 July 2009.
- ^ Macartney, Jane (7 July 2009). "Chinese Han mob marches for revenge against Uighurs after rampage". The Times. Retrieved 7 July 2009.
- ^ Vincent, Danny. "Beijing warns of severe punishments for rioters". The National.
- ^ a b "Recalling the nightmare: witnesses' account of Xinjiang riot". Xinhua. 6 July 2009.
- ^ Wong, Gillian (11 July 2009). "Death toll from China's ethnic riots hits 184". AP News.
- ^ "Death toll in 5 July accident rise to 184". Xinhua News Agency. 11 July 2009.
- ^ "Death toll in Xinjiang riot rises to 140, still climbing". Xinhua. 6 July 2009. Retrieved 6 July 2009.
- ^ Choi, Chi-yuk (9 July 2009). "Clampdown brings an uneasy calm to the streets". South China Morning Post. p. A2.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|coauthor=
ignored (|author=
suggested) (help) - ^ Duncan, Max (18 July 2009). "China says police shot dead 12 Uighurs this month". Reuters. Retrieved 18 July 2009.
- ^ "China says police killed 12 in Urumqi rioting". Associated Press. 19 July 2009. Retrieved 19 July 2009.
- ^ a b ""7·5"事件遇害者家属将获补偿21万元". Caijing (in Chinese). 10 July 2009.
- ^ "Xinjiang doubles compensation for bereaved families in Urumqi riot". Xinhua. 21 July 2009.
- ^ "Death toll of Urumqi riot rises to 192". Xinhua. 15 July 2009.
- ^ a b Foster, Peter (7 July 2009). "Eyewitness: tensions high on the streets of Urumqi". The Telegraph.
- ^ "Police arrests 1,434 suspects in connection with Xinjiang riot". Xinhua. 7 July 2009. Retrieved 12 July 2009.
- ^ a b c d "Han Chinese mob takes to the streets in Urumqi in hunt for Uighur Muslims". The Telegraph. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "China's Xinjiang province put under curfew". CBC. 7 July 2009.
- ^ a b "China: Tear gas used on Han protestors". RTÉ. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "人民日报前方记者今晨遭百名暴徒手持利斧伏击". Phoenix Television. 8 July 2009.
- ^ "Outspoken Economist Presumed Detained". Radio Free Asia. Retrieved 12 July 2009.
- ^ "Chinese intellectuals call for release of Uighur". Associated Press. July 14th, 2009.
{{cite news}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help) - ^ a b "Some Urumqi mosques defy shutdown". BBC News. 10 July 2009. Retrieved 12 July 2009.
- ^ a b Buckley, Chris (10 July 2009). "Chinese police break up Uighur protest after prayers". Reuters. Retrieved 12 July 2009.
- ^ "China reimposes curfew in Urumqi". BBC News. 10 July 2009. Retrieved 12 July 2009.
- ^ "Exodus from Urumqi as authorities up death toll". France24. 11 July 2009.
- ^ "Turkish Foreign Minister Davutoglu Talks to His Chinese Counterpart on the Phone". Anadolu Agency. 12 July 2009. Retrieved 13 July 2009.
- ^ "Chinese police kill two Uighurs". BBC News. 13 July 2009. Retrieved 13 July 2009.
- ^ "Police shoot dead two suspects, injure another in Urumqi". ChinaDaily. 13 July 2009. Retrieved 13 July 2009.
- ^ Clem, Will (14 July 2009). "Conflicting stories emerge after police shoot dead Uyghur pair". South China Morning Post. p. A1.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|coauthor=
ignored (|author=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b c Choi, Chi-yuk (8 July 2009). "Overseas media given freedom to cover unrest, but some areas still out of bounds". South China Morning Post. p. A2.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|coauthor=
ignored (|author=
suggested) (help) - ^ Doran, D'Arcy (5 July 2009). "Savvy Internet users defy China's censors on riot". AFP.
- ^ Martin, Dan (7 July 2009). "156 killed, new protest put down - China". Adelaide Now.
{{cite news}}
: More than one of|author=
and|last=
specified (help) - ^ "Xinjiang chairman delivers message to citizens" (video). 6 July 2009.
- ^ "Xinjiang to speed up legislation against separatism, regional top lawmaker". Xinhua. 20 July 2009.
- ^ "After Riots, China to Promote Anti-Separatist Laws". ABC News. 20 July 2009.
- ^ a b McGregor, Richard (7 July 2009). "Beijing handles political management of riots". Financial Times.
- ^ a b Wines, Michael (7 July 2009). "In Latest Upheaval, China Applies New Strategies to Control Flow of Information". The New York Times.
- ^ a b Foster, Peter (7 July 2009). "Uighur unrest: not another Tiananmen". The Daily Telegraph.
- ^ "Hu Jin-tao sends Zhou Yong-kang to Xinjiang to direct safety work". China News Wrap. 10 July 2009.
- ^ Kwok, Kristine (9 July 2009). "Hu's return seen as sign Beijing was caught out". South China Morning Post. p. A4.
- ^ {{cite news |last=Pomfret |first=James |date=30 July 2009 |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idUSTRE56T1XJ20090730 |title=China needs new policies after Xinjiang: official |author=Reuters
- ^ AP (17 July 2009). "Propaganda shows of Han-Uygur unity fall flat in Silk Road oasis town". South China Morning Post. p. A7.
- ^ "Chinese Authorities Blame Internet for Fanning Uighur Anger". VOA.
- ^ "Chinese go online to vent ire at Xinjiang unrest". Reuters. 7 July 2009.
- ^ Wong, Adele (3 August 2009). "Hackers frustrate film festival sales". The Standard.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|url=
(help); More than one of|author=
and|last=
specified (help) - ^ "UN rights chief alarmed by death toll in China". Jakarta Post. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "UN human rights chief alarmed by 'major tragedy' in western China". UN News Centre. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "UN urges China, ethnic groups to halt violence". Khaleej Times. 7 July 2009.
- ^ a b Martin, Dan (6 July 2009). "China says over 1,400 arrested for Xinjiang riots". Jakarta Globe.
- ^ "Xinjiang unrest: UN urges China to respect freedoms". The Brunei Times. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "SCO expresses condolence to families of victims in Xinjiang riot". Xinhua. 11 July 2009.
- ^ "World powers call for restraint amid China unrest". Channel News Asia. 8 July 2009.
- ^ "Head of OIC and Turkish Foreign Minister to discuss situation in Urumqi". Trend News Agency. 8 July 2009.
- ^ a b "International reaction to Uyghur protest violence". Radio Australia. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "Afghanistan supports China's territorial integrity". Trend News Agency. 8 July 2009.
- ^ a b "Germany, Australia urge restraint in China unrest". Earthtimes. 7 July 2009.
- ^ Press Secretary Andrei Popov responds to a media question over the events in Urumqi in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People’s Republic of China. Belarus Foreign Ministry. 9 July 2009
- ^ "China taking appropriate measures in Xinjiang: Cambodian gov't". Xinhua. 11 July 2009.
- ^ "Chinese protests spread as deaths mount". CBC. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "France concerned over Xinjiang riots". The International News. 7 July 2009.
- ^ Turkey and Iran concerned over developments in Xinjiang. Anadolu Ajansi. 9 July 2009
- ^ Iran voices 'concern' over China unrest. Press TV. 9 July 2009
- ^ a b "Uyghurs Abroad Blame China Policies For Unrest". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "Riots in China: 1400 people detained". New Delhi Television. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "China Suspends Visas To Kazakhs For Xinjiang". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 7 July 2009.
- ^ Kazakh Foreign Ministry: Above 1,000 Kazakh citizens leave Xinjiang due to riots. Central Asian News. 9 July 2009
- ^ Leonard, Peter (19 July 2009). "Kazakh Uighurs hold mass protest". The Washington Post. Associated Press. Retrieved 19 July 2009.
- ^ "Central Asia Uighurs look on with fury at bloodshed". ABS CBN News. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "Kyrgyz Tighten Controls On Chinese Border". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 8 July 2009.
- ^ "Micronesia vice president condemns Xinjiang riot". Xinhua. 9 July 2009.
- ^ "FM: China strongly condemns attacks on its foreign missions". China Daily. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "Dutch Police Hold 39 Detained After Protests at China Embassy". Bloomberg. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "China shuts Hague embassy". The Straits Times. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "Uighurs stage protests in Turkey, Norway". Associated Press. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "Norway concerned about violence in Xinjiang". ISIRA. 9 July 2009.
- ^ "Some 'elements' out to harm Sino-Pak ties". The Nation. 9 July 2009.
- ^ "Taiwan condemns riots in Xinjiang, urges China to be tolerant". Taiwan News. 9 July 2009.
- ^ "Russia says China Xinjiang riots internal affair". Reuters. 8 July 2009.
- ^ "Belgrade reactions to events in Xinjiang". Radio Serbia. 9 July 2009.
- ^ Saad, Imelda (9 July 2009). "Singapore urges restraint in Xinjiang, China". Channel News Asia. Retrieved 12 July 2009.
- ^ "Recent riots in Xinjiang region, China". Sri Lanka Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 10 July 2009.
- ^ "Foreign Ministry says it is worried about events in Xinjiang". Swissinfo. 8 July 2009.
- ^ "Tension runs high as China cracks down on Uyghur riot". Today's Zaman. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "Turkish FM calls on China to end violence". Taiwan News. 8 July 2009.
- ^ "Turkish PM compares violence in China to genocide". Associated Press. 10.07.2009.
{{cite news}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help) - ^ "Turkey attacks China 'genocide'". BBC News. 10 July 2009.
- ^ Hille, Kathrin; Strauss, Delphine (15 July 2009). "China fury at Turkey's 'genocide' comments". Financial Times. Retrieved 15 July 2009.
- ^ "Turkey PM told to retract Xinjiang 'genocide' claim". The Malaysian Insider. 14 July 2009. Retrieved 15 July 2009.
- ^ "China dismisses accusation of Xinjiang genocide". Reuters. 14 July 2009. Retrieved 15 July 2009.
- ^ "Turkey calls for boycott of Chinese goods". The Times of India. 9 July 2009.
- ^ "Turkish PM Erdogan likens Xinjiang violence to 'genocide'". France 24. 10 July 2009.
- ^ Buckley, Chris (8 July 2009). "China's Hu Abandons G8 as Ethnic Unrest Continues". ABC News.
- ^ AFP (16 July 2009). "US commission urges sanctions". South China Morning Post. p. A4.
- ^ "Vietnam expresses support for China's handling of Xinjiang unrest". Xinhua. 8 July 2009.
- ^ "China must investigate 156 deaths during protests in Urumqi". Amnesty International. 7 July 2009.
- ^ "China: Exercise Restraint in Xinjiang - Government Should Allow Independent United Nations Probe". Human Rights Watch. 6 July 2009.
- ^ Dalai Lama 'concerned' over China riots. Ninemsn. 9 July 2009
- ^ "China demands Turkish retraction". BBC News. 14 July 2009. Retrieved 14 July 2009.
- ^ Ward, Mark (6 July 2009). "China clampdown on tech in Urumqi". BBC News.
- ^ a b Doran, D'Arcy (9 July 2009). "China extends hand to foreign media, but tightens grip elsewhere". AFP. France 24.
- ^ AFP (10 July 2009). "Foreign reporters ordered out of Kashgar". Macau Daily.
- ^ Global Times (10 July 2009). "People's Daily criticizes double standards in Western media attitudes to 7.5 incident". China News Wrap. original article in Chinese
- ^ a b staff reporter (8 July 2009). "Posted photos source of western media gaffes". South China Morning Post. p. A4.
- ^ "石首"抢尸"拉锯战". 南都周刊网 (Southern Metropolitan Weekly). 26 June 2009.
- ^ a b "Uighur group 'regrets' photo error". Al Jazeera. 10 July 2009. Retrieved 13 July 2009.
- ^ "Exiled Uighur leader denies stirring unrest". Al Jazeera. 7 July 2009.
External links
- Xinhua News Agency Coverage
- CCTV special coverage
- BBC Photo Gallery
- drop.io for Urumqi riots
- Rebiya Kadeer interviewed by Al-Jazeera - YouTube
- Report From Urumqi: Thousands of Chinese Troops Enter City Torn by Ethnic Clashes - video by Democracy Now!
- Washington is Playing a Deeper Game with China by F. William Engdahl, Global Research, 11 July 2009
- Urumqi: No Fresh Violence, But Tension Persists, Raman's Strategic Analysis, 12 July 2009