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In April 2015, at least five boats carrying almost two thousand [[migrants]] to Europe sank in the [[Mediterranean Sea]], with a combined death toll estimated at more than 1,200 people. The first sinking took place on 13 April, with additional shipwrecks occurring on 16, 19, and 20 April.<ref name="reuters" /><ref name="theguardian" /><ref name="chan4apr19">{{cite web | url =http://www.channel4.com/news/migrants-italy-refugees-mediterranean-augusta-sicily |title=Italy's migrant crisis: on the frontline in Augusta|publisher=[[Channel 4]]| author=Matt Frei|date=17 April 2015| accessdate =17 April 2015}}</ref><ref name="auto2">{{cite web|title=Two more Mediterranean migrant boats issue distress calls as EU ministers meet|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/apr/20/two-more-mediterranean-migrant-boats-issue-distress-calls-as-eu-ministers-meet|publisher=The Guardian|accessdate=20 April 2015}}</ref> The events took place in a context of ongoing conflicts in several North African and Middle Eastern countries as well as the refusal by several [[European Union]] (EU) governments to fund the Italian-run rescue option [[Operation Mare Nostrum]], which was replaced by [[Frontex]]'s [[Operation Triton]] in November 2014. Many of the migrant vessels have been traveling from Libya to the Italian island of [[Lampedusa]] or the port of [[Augusta, Sicily|Augusta]],<ref name="chan4apr19" /> although one of the incidents on 20 April occurred off the Greek island of [[Rhodes]] in the eastern Mediterranean.
In April 2015, at least five boats carrying almost two thousand illegal immigrants (Yes they were and are clandestini, if they want to migrate in my f**kin' country they must enter legally. Some of these "migrants" like y'all motherfuckers cattocomunisti like to say, throw overboard christians, so we must welcome these murderers and terrorists, we are not racists or f**kin' nazi, if you enter here legally y'all are welcomed, but if y'all enter illegaly y'all must be deported.) to Europe sank in the [[Mediterranean Sea]], with a combined death toll estimated at more than 1,200 people. The first sinking took place on 13 April, with additional shipwrecks occurring on 16, 19, and 20 April.<ref name="reuters" /><ref name="theguardian" /><ref name="chan4apr19">{{cite web | url =http://www.channel4.com/news/migrants-italy-refugees-mediterranean-augusta-sicily |title=Italy's migrant crisis: on the frontline in Augusta|publisher=[[Channel 4]]| author=Matt Frei|date=17 April 2015| accessdate =17 April 2015}}</ref><ref name="auto2">{{cite web|title=Two more Mediterranean migrant boats issue distress calls as EU ministers meet|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/apr/20/two-more-mediterranean-migrant-boats-issue-distress-calls-as-eu-ministers-meet|publisher=The Guardian|accessdate=20 April 2015}}</ref> The events took place in a context of ongoing conflicts in several North African and Middle Eastern countries as well as the refusal by several [[European Union]] (EU) governments to fund the Italian-run rescue option [[Operation Mare Nostrum]], which was replaced by [[Frontex]]'s [[Operation Triton]] in November 2014. Many of the migrant vessels have been traveling from Libya to the Italian island of [[Lampedusa]] or the port of [[Augusta, Sicily|Augusta]],<ref name="chan4apr19" /> although one of the incidents on 20 April occurred off the Greek island of [[Rhodes]] in the eastern Mediterranean.


== Background ==
== Background ==
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la partenza dei barconi»|work=ilmattino.it|accessdate=19 April 2015}}</ref> They agreed to call for an emergency meeting of European interior ministers to address the problem of migrant deaths. Renzi condemned human trafficking as a "new slave trade"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-32374027|title=Italian PM Matteo Renzi condemns 'new slave trade' in Mediterranean|work=BBC News|accessdate=19 April 2015}}</ref> while Prime Minister Muscat said the 19 April shipwreck was the "biggest human tragedy of the last few years." Hollande described people traffickers as "terrorists" who put migrant lives at risk. The [[German government]]'s representative for migration, refugees and integration, [[Aydan Özoğuz]], said that with more arrivals likely to arrive as the weather turned warmer, emergency rescue missions should be restored. "It was an illusion to think that cutting off [[Operation Mare Nostrum|Mare Nostrum]] would prevent people from attempting this dangerous voyage across the Mediterranean," she said.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/migrants-ship-headed-for-italy-capsizes-north-of-libya-1.3039401|title=Migrants' ship headed for Italy capsizes north of Libya|publisher=CBC|date=19 Apr 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.mobile.reuters.com/article/idUKKBN0NA07220150419?irpc=932|title=EU leaders call for emergency talks after 700 migrants drown off Libya|work=reuters.com|accessdate=19 April 2015}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-32372351|title=Med migrant boat disaster|date=18 Apr 2015|publisher=BBC}}</ref><ref name="auto" /> [[Federica Mogherini]] called for collective EU action ahead of a meeting in Luxembourg on Monday 20 April.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/eu-states-back-action-protect-migrants-mediterranean-mogherini-114546548.html|title=Europe should back action to protect migrants in Mediterranean: Mogherini|publisher=Reuters/Yahoo|date=19 Apr 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/04/19/us-europe-migrants-idUSKBN0NA07020150419|title=EU leaders call for emergency talks after 700 migrants drown off Libya|publisher=Reuters|date=19 Apr 2015}}</ref>
la partenza dei barconi»|work=ilmattino.it|accessdate=19 April 2015}}</ref> They agreed to call for an emergency meeting of European interior ministers to address the problem of migrant deaths. Renzi condemned human trafficking as a "new slave trade"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-32374027|title=Italian PM Matteo Renzi condemns 'new slave trade' in Mediterranean|work=BBC News|accessdate=19 April 2015}}</ref> while Prime Minister Muscat said the 19 April shipwreck was the "biggest human tragedy of the last few years." Hollande described people traffickers as "terrorists" who put migrant lives at risk. The [[German government]]'s representative for migration, refugees and integration, [[Aydan Özoğuz]], said that with more arrivals likely to arrive as the weather turned warmer, emergency rescue missions should be restored. "It was an illusion to think that cutting off [[Operation Mare Nostrum|Mare Nostrum]] would prevent people from attempting this dangerous voyage across the Mediterranean," she said.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/migrants-ship-headed-for-italy-capsizes-north-of-libya-1.3039401|title=Migrants' ship headed for Italy capsizes north of Libya|publisher=CBC|date=19 Apr 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://uk.mobile.reuters.com/article/idUKKBN0NA07220150419?irpc=932|title=EU leaders call for emergency talks after 700 migrants drown off Libya|work=reuters.com|accessdate=19 April 2015}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/live/world-32372351|title=Med migrant boat disaster|date=18 Apr 2015|publisher=BBC}}</ref><ref name="auto" /> [[Federica Mogherini]] called for collective EU action ahead of a meeting in Luxembourg on Monday 20 April.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/eu-states-back-action-protect-migrants-mediterranean-mogherini-114546548.html|title=Europe should back action to protect migrants in Mediterranean: Mogherini|publisher=Reuters/Yahoo|date=19 Apr 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/04/19/us-europe-migrants-idUSKBN0NA07020150419|title=EU leaders call for emergency talks after 700 migrants drown off Libya|publisher=Reuters|date=19 Apr 2015}}</ref>


In a press conference, Matteo Renzi confirmed that Italy had called an "extraordinary European council" meeting as soon as possible to discuss the tragedy,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/prime-minister-matteo-renzi-defends-italys-response-migrants-drowning-mediterranean-1497254|title=Prime Minister Matteo Renzi defends Italy's response to migrants drowning in the Mediterranean|work=International Business Times UK|accessdate=19 April 2015}}</ref> various European leaders agreed with this idea.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.antena3.com/noticias/mundo/naufraga-barco-700-inmigrantes-190-kilometros-lampedusa_2015041900016.html|title=Naufraga un pesquero con 700 inmigrantes a bordo cerca de la costa de Libia|work=Antena3.com|accessdate=19 April 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/mobile/world/eu-s-tusk-considers/1794426.html|title=EU's Tusk considers special summit after migrants drown|work=Channel NewsAsia|accessdate=19 April 2015}}</ref> On 19 April, British politician [[Nigel Farage]] called for the United Kingdom to offer refuge to Christians from Libya blaming [[David Cameron]] and [[Nicolas Sarkozy]] for the drowning of the migrants off of Italy. He stated that the exodus from the country had been caused by western intervention, approved by Cameron and Sarkozy, in the [[Libyan Crisis (2011–present)|civil war in Libya]].<ref name="Farage">{{cite web | url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/nigel-farage/11548171/Nigel-Farage-David-Cameron-directly-caused-Libyan-migrant-crisis.html | title=Nigel Farage: David Cameron 'directly caused' Libyan migrant crisis | publisher=The Telegraph | date=19 April 2015 | accessdate=20 April 2015 | author=Holehouse, Matthew}}</ref> Cameron tweeted on 20 April that he "supported" Renzi's "call for an emergency meeting of EU leaders to find a comprehensive solution" to the migrant crisis in the Mediterranean.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ansa.it/english/news/politics/2015/04/20/med-faces-humanitarian-crisis-renzi_f7f22df2-27a1-496e-8f96-481bbcff8a20.html|title=Med faces humanitarian crisis, not just wreck, says Renzi|work=ANSA.it|accessdate=20 April 2015}}</ref> He later confirmed that he would attend an emergency summit of European leaders on Thursday.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-32382962|title=Mediterranean migrant deaths: PM calls for action after boat disaster|work=BBC News|accessdate=20 April 2015}}</ref>
In a press conference, the motherfucker rotto in culo Matteo Renzi said "F**k y'all italians, i don't give a f**k of y'alls will, i only care about give 35 euros per illigal immigrant to red coops and Caritas. Y'all know what the mafioso Salvatore Buzzi said, that the business behind this illigal immigrants makes more that the drug trade. I want to make more rich the cattocomunisti and mafiosi. I mean, money is money, i would give my mother away for the right price." 19 April, British politician [[Nigel Farage]] called for the United Kingdom to offer refuge to Christians from Libya blaming [[David Cameron]] and [[Nicolas Sarkozy]] for the drowning of the migrants off of Italy. He stated that the exodus from the country had been caused by western intervention, approved by Cameron and Sarkozy, in the [[Libyan Crisis (2011–present)|civil war in Libya]].<ref name="Farage">{{cite web | url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/nigel-farage/11548171/Nigel-Farage-David-Cameron-directly-caused-Libyan-migrant-crisis.html | title=Nigel Farage: David Cameron 'directly caused' Libyan migrant crisis | publisher=The Telegraph | date=19 April 2015 | accessdate=20 April 2015 | author=Holehouse, Matthew}}</ref> Cameron tweeted on 20 April that he "supported" Renzi's "call for an emergency meeting of EU leaders to find a comprehensive solution" to the migrant crisis in the Mediterranean.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ansa.it/english/news/politics/2015/04/20/med-faces-humanitarian-crisis-renzi_f7f22df2-27a1-496e-8f96-481bbcff8a20.html|title=Med faces humanitarian crisis, not just wreck, says Renzi|work=ANSA.it|accessdate=20 April 2015}}</ref> He later confirmed that he would attend an emergency summit of European leaders on Thursday.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-32382962|title=Mediterranean migrant deaths: PM calls for action after boat disaster|work=BBC News|accessdate=20 April 2015}}</ref>


On 20 April the European Commission proposed a 10 point plan:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-15-4813_en.htm|title=European Commission - PRESS RELEASES - Press release - Joint Foreign and Home Affairs Council: Ten point action plan on migration|work=europa.eu|accessdate=21 April 2015}}</ref>
On 20 April the European Commission proposed a 10 point plan:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-15-4813_en.htm|title=European Commission - PRESS RELEASES - Press release - Joint Foreign and Home Affairs Council: Ten point action plan on migration|work=europa.eu|accessdate=21 April 2015}}</ref>

Revision as of 20:14, 21 April 2015

2015 European migrant crisis
2015 European migrant crisis is located in Mediterranean
Augusta
Augusta
Lampedusa
Lampedusa
Rhodes
Rhodes
Tripoli
Tripoli
2015 European migrant crisis (Mediterranean)
Date13-20 April 2015
LocationVarious locations in the Mediterranean Sea
CauseVessels capsized
ParticipantsOver 1500
OutcomeSeveral vessels sank, rescues in process
DeathsOver 1200 (35 bodies found)
Missing450

In April 2015, at least five boats carrying almost two thousand illegal immigrants (Yes they were and are clandestini, if they want to migrate in my f**kin' country they must enter legally. Some of these "migrants" like y'all motherfuckers cattocomunisti like to say, throw overboard christians, so we must welcome these murderers and terrorists, we are not racists or f**kin' nazi, if you enter here legally y'all are welcomed, but if y'all enter illegaly y'all must be deported.) to Europe sank in the Mediterranean Sea, with a combined death toll estimated at more than 1,200 people. The first sinking took place on 13 April, with additional shipwrecks occurring on 16, 19, and 20 April.[1][2][3][4] The events took place in a context of ongoing conflicts in several North African and Middle Eastern countries as well as the refusal by several European Union (EU) governments to fund the Italian-run rescue option Operation Mare Nostrum, which was replaced by Frontex's Operation Triton in November 2014. Many of the migrant vessels have been traveling from Libya to the Italian island of Lampedusa or the port of Augusta,[3] although one of the incidents on 20 April occurred off the Greek island of Rhodes in the eastern Mediterranean.

Background

Mediterranean migrant
deaths by quarter[5]
Per 1,000 arrivals
Q1 2015 46.5
Q4 2014 7.8
Q3 2014 30.6
Q2 2014 13.2
Q1 2014 4.2

Between 2007 and 2011, large numbers of illegal immigrants from the Middle East, Africa and South Asia crossed between Turkey and Greece, leading Greece and the European Border Protection agency Frontex to upgrade border controls.[6] In 2015, Bulgaria upgraded a border fence to prevent migrant flows through Turkey.[7] Migrants have increasingly attempted boat voyages to Europe due to civil conflicts, unrest, persecution or economic reasons, including travelers from Afghanistan, Algeria, Bangladesh, Chad, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, India, Iraq, Ivory Coast, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Nigeria, Pakistan, Palestine, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia and Zambia.[8] In particular, a flare up of conflict in Libya in the aftermath of the civil war there has contributed to an escalation of departures from the country.

The 2013 Lampedusa migrant shipwreck involved "more than 360" deaths, leading the Italian government to establish Operation Mare Nostrum, a large scale naval operation that involved search and rescue, with some migrants brought aboard a naval amphibious assault ship.[9] In 2014, the Italian government ended the operation due to costs, which were too large for just one EU state; Frontex assumed the main responsibility for search and rescue operations. The Frontex operation is called Operation Triton.[10] The Italian government had requested additional funds from the EU to continue the operation but member states did not offer the requested support.[11] The UK government cited fears that the operation was acting as “an unintended ‘pull factor’, encouraging more migrants to attempt the dangerous sea crossing and thereby leading to more tragic and unnecessary deaths”.[12] The operation consists of two surveillance aircraft and three ships, with seven teams of staff who gather intelligence and conduct screening/identification processing. Its monthly budget is estimated at €2.9 million.[10]

Statistics

According to the International Organization for Migration, up to 3,072 migrants died or disappeared in 2014 in the Mediterranean while trying to migrate to Europe.[13] Overall estimates are that between 2000 and 2014 over 22,000 migrants died. In 2014, 280,000 migrants illegally entered the European Union, mainly following the Central Mediterranean, Eastern Mediterranean and Western Balkan routes.[13][14][15]

In 2014, 170,100 migrants arrived in Italy by sea (a +296% increase compared to 2013), 141,484 of them leaving from Libya. Most of them came from Syri] (42,323), the Horn of Africa (34,329 from Eritrea and 5,756 from Somalia) and West Africa (9,908 from Mali, 9,000 from Nigeria, 8,691 from Gambia).[16] 64,625 applied for asylum.[17]

Between 1 January and 3 March 2015, 7,882 migrants arrived in Italy by sea (a +40,5% increase compared to the same period in 2014), 7,257 of them leaving from Libya. Most of them came from the Horn of Africa (1,088 from Somalia, 817 from Eritrea), West Africa (969 from Gambia, 919 from Senegal, 725 from Mali, 463 from Nigeria, 282 from Ivory Coast, 173 from Guinea) and Syria (920).[18]

As of 17 April, the total number of migrants reaching the Italian coasts is 21,191 since 1 January 2015, with a decrease during the month of March due to bad weather conditions, and a surge since 10 April, bringing the total number of arrivals in line with the number recorded in the same period in 2014. However, the death toll in the first four months of 2014 was 96, compared with 500 in the same period in 2015; this number excludes victims of the devastating shipwrecks on 13 and 19 April.[19][20]

Incidents

The number of reported deaths of migrants crossing the Mediterranean towards Italy increased in April 2015; a number of different incidents resulted in the deaths of over 1,000 people and led to the staging of rescue operations.[21]

Shipwreck of 13 April

13 April 2015 shipwreck
Date13 April 2015
LocationOff Libya
Mediterranean
CauseVessel capsized
Participantsabout 550[1]
OutcomeVessel sank, 144-150 rescued
Deaths9 (bodies found)
Missing400+[1]

On 13 April 2015, a vessel sank off the Libyan coast with up to 550 migrants on board. More than 400 people are believed to have drowned.[22] 144-150 people have been rescued and were taken to a hospital in Southern Italy.[23] The capsizing occurred 110 kilometres (60 nmi) off the Libyan coast.[24]

Air and sea search operations started in the location of the shipwreck, looking for survivors. Nine bodies were recovered, and the Italian Coast Guard stated that "no more survivors have been found."

Save the Children stated that "there were 400 victims in this shipwreck, which occurred 24 hours after [their vessel] left the Libyan coast.” The International Organisation for Migration in Italy announced that the shipwreck's cause is unknown and their investigation continues, while AFP reported, that per their initial investigations the boat may have capsized when passengers moved after having spotted the Italian rescue team.[25]

Incidents of 16 April

On 16 April, four immigrants arriving in Sicily said they were the only survivors of a sunken ship. They said that 41 people had drowned when their vessel overturned and sank shortly after departing from Libya.[26] [27] In an unrelated incident, 15 people were arrested in Sicily following reports that they had thrown 12 other passengers overboard, causing them to drown. According to eyewitnesses, a fight had broken out between Christian and Muslim groups on the boat, resulting in 12 Christians being thrown overboard.[28][29]

Shipwreck of 19 April

19 April shipwreck
Date19 April 2015
LocationOff Libya
Mediterranean
CauseVessel capsized
OutcomeVessel sank, 27 rescued
Deaths800 (24 bodies recovered)[30]
SuspectsShip's captain and one other male [30]

On 19 April, another boat capsized off the Libyan coast, during the night, with up to 850 migrants aboard. 27 people were rescued. [31] The incident happened 100 kilometres (60 mi) off the Libyan coast and 190 kilometres (120 mi) south of the southern Italian island, Lampedusa.[2] The boat may have capsized when people on board moved to one side when a ship approached. People assumed that the passing ship would rescue them.[32] Italian prosecutors say that a Bangladeshi survivor estimated 950 people were on board, and smugglers locked hundreds of the migrants in the ship's hold.[33]

The Maltese Navy and Italian Coast Guard began mounting a rescue operation.[34] Despite 18 ships joining the rescue effort, only 27 survivors and 24 bodies were pulled from the water by nightfall.[33] [30] This incident is cited by some as the shipwreck with the highest death toll in the history of the Mediterranean.[35] Among other incidents, however, the sinking of the SS Oria in 1944, with a death toll of over 4,000, claimed more lives.

On 21 April Italian officials reported that the Tunisian captain of the boat had been charged with reckless multiple homicide. It was also reported that the children on board had drowned because they were trapped on the boat's lower two levels. [30][36]

Shipwrecks of 20 April

Rhodes Shipwreck 20 April
Date20 April 2015
LocationOff Rhodes, Greece
Mediterranean
CauseVessel hit reef[37]
Participants93
OutcomeVessel sank, 3 deaths
Deaths3
Non-fatal injuries30

Another boat carrying migrants reportedly sank off the east coast of Rhodes, Greece on 20 April, after striking a reef. Initial reports suggested that there had been at least three deaths. 93 people were rescued from the water, with 30 individuals hospitalized.[38] In contrast to the other wrecked ships, which have come from Libya, this boat had departed from Turkey.[37]

Libya Shipwrecks 20 April
Date20 April 2015
LocationOff Libya,
Mediterranean
CauseUnknown
Participants450[30]
OutcomeOngoing
Deaths20 [30]

Two further reports of ships in distress in the waters between Libya and Italy appeared on 20 April.[4] It was stated that one boat contained up to 150 people, with the other containing up to 300. The precise locations of these boats was not revealed, and it was unclear whether these reports refer to separate vessels.[39] The Italian and Maltese navies are reported as having responded to these calls.[39] As of 21 April at 06:20 UTC, the rescue operation was still underway [30]

Reaction

European Union

On 19 April, Italy's Premier Matteo Renzi returned to Rome from a political event he had been attending in Mantua and met his top ministers. Later on, he spoke by telephone to French President François Hollande and to Maltese Prime Minister Joseph Muscat.[40][41] They agreed to call for an emergency meeting of European interior ministers to address the problem of migrant deaths. Renzi condemned human trafficking as a "new slave trade"[42] while Prime Minister Muscat said the 19 April shipwreck was the "biggest human tragedy of the last few years." Hollande described people traffickers as "terrorists" who put migrant lives at risk. The German government's representative for migration, refugees and integration, Aydan Özoğuz, said that with more arrivals likely to arrive as the weather turned warmer, emergency rescue missions should be restored. "It was an illusion to think that cutting off Mare Nostrum would prevent people from attempting this dangerous voyage across the Mediterranean," she said.[43][44][45][45] Federica Mogherini called for collective EU action ahead of a meeting in Luxembourg on Monday 20 April.[46][47]

In a press conference, the motherfucker rotto in culo Matteo Renzi said "F**k y'all italians, i don't give a f**k of y'alls will, i only care about give 35 euros per illigal immigrant to red coops and Caritas. Y'all know what the mafioso Salvatore Buzzi said, that the business behind this illigal immigrants makes more that the drug trade. I want to make more rich the cattocomunisti and mafiosi. I mean, money is money, i would give my mother away for the right price." 19 April, British politician Nigel Farage called for the United Kingdom to offer refuge to Christians from Libya blaming David Cameron and Nicolas Sarkozy for the drowning of the migrants off of Italy. He stated that the exodus from the country had been caused by western intervention, approved by Cameron and Sarkozy, in the civil war in Libya.[48] Cameron tweeted on 20 April that he "supported" Renzi's "call for an emergency meeting of EU leaders to find a comprehensive solution" to the migrant crisis in the Mediterranean.[49] He later confirmed that he would attend an emergency summit of European leaders on Thursday.[50]

On 20 April the European Commission proposed a 10 point plan:[51]

  • Reinforce the Joint Operations in the Mediterranean, namely Triton and Poseidon, by increasing the financial resources and the number of assets. We will also extend their operational area, allowing us to intervene further, within the mandate of Frontex;
  • A systematic effort to capture and destroy vessels used by the smugglers. The positive results obtained with the Atalanta operation should inspire us to similar operations against smugglers in the Mediterranean;
  • EUROPOL, FRONTEX, EASO and EUROJUST will meet regularly and work closely to gather information on smugglers modus operandi, to trace their funds and to assist in their investigation;
  • EASO to deploy teams in Italy and Greece for joint processing of asylum applications;
  • Member States to ensure fingerprinting of all migrants;
  • Consider options for an emergency relocation mechanism;
  • A EU wide voluntary pilot project on resettlement, offering a number of places to persons in need of protection;
  • Establish a new return programme for rapid return of irregular migrants coordinated by Frontex from frontline Member States;
  • Engagement with countries surrounding Libya through a joined effort between the Commission and the EEAS; Initiatives in Niger have to be stepped up.
  • Deploy Immigration Liaison Officers (ILO) in key third countries, to gather intelligence on migratory flows and strengthen the role of the EU Delegations.

The Guardian and Reuters noted that doubling the size of Operation Triton would still leave the mission with fewer resources than the previous Italian-run rescue option (Operation Mare Nostrum) whose budget was more than 3 times as large, had 4 times the number of aircraft[52] and had a wider mandate to conduct search and rescue operations across the the Mediterranean Sea.[53]

International

The International Organization for Migration says that deaths at sea have increased ninefold after the end of Operation Mare Nostrum.[54] Amnesty International condemned European governments for "negligence towards the humanitarian crisis in the Mediterranean" which they say has led to an increase in deaths at sea.

Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch have criticised the funding of search and rescue operations. Amnesty International says that the EU is "turning its back on its responsibilities and clearly threatening thousands of lives."[55][56]

Pope Francis expressed his concern about the loss of life and urged EU leaders to "act decisively and quickly to stop these tragedies from recurring."[35]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "400 migrants die in shipwreck off Libya, survivors say". Reuters. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  2. ^ a b "700 migrants feared dead in Mediterranean shipwreck". The Guardian. 19 April 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  3. ^ a b Matt Frei (17 April 2015). "Italy's migrant crisis: on the frontline in Augusta". Channel 4. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  4. ^ a b "Two more Mediterranean migrant boats issue distress calls as EU ministers meet". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  5. ^ "Italy calls for help rescuing migrants as 40 more reportedly drown". The Guardian. 16 April 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  6. ^ "Mapping Mediterranean migration". BBC. 15 Sep 2014.
  7. ^ "Bulgaria to extend fence at Turkish border to bar refugee influx". Reuters. 14 Jan 2015.
  8. ^
  9. ^ "Mare Nostrum Operation". Marina Militare.
  10. ^ a b "EC MEMO, Brussels, 7 October 2014, Frontex Joint Operation 'Triton' – Concerted efforts to manage migration in the Central Mediterranean". European Union, European Commission. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  11. ^ "Italy Is About to Shut Down the Sea Rescue Operation That Saved More Than 90,000 Migrants This Year". VICE News. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  12. ^ "UK axes support for Mediterranean migrant rescue operation". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  13. ^ a b "Migrant boat capsizes off Libya, 400 feared dead". Fox News. 15 April 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  14. ^ "Latest Trends at external borders of the EU". Frontex. 2 February 2015.
  15. ^ "Migratory routes map". Frontex. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  16. ^ "Analisi: Paolo Gentiloni". Pagella Politica. 22 February 2015.
  17. ^ "Quante persone hanno fatto domanda d'asilo (2014)?". Pagella Politica. 13 April 2015.
  18. ^ "Sbarchi al 2 marzo 2015". ISMU. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  19. ^ "IOM Applauds Italy's Weekend Rescue at Sea of 2,800 Migrants". International Organization for Migration. 13 April 2015.
  20. ^ "Migrant Deaths Soar in Mediterranean". International Organization for Migration. 17 April 2015.
  21. ^ "Sea of Death: Many Migrants Drown Trying to Reach Italy". NBC News. 19 April 2015. Retrieved 19 April 2015.
  22. ^ Scherer, Steve; Jones, Gavin; Nebehay, Stephanie. "400 migrants die in shipwreck off Libya, survivors say". Reuters. No. 14 April 2015. Reuters. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  23. ^ "Several minors among victims of Libya shipwreck". News24. No. 15 April 2015. AFP. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  24. ^ "Libya migrants: Hundreds feared drowned in Mediterranean". BBC. 15 April 2015. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  25. ^ "Hundreds of migrants believed to have drowned off Libya after boat capsizes". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
  26. ^ "At least 41 drown off Libyan coast". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
  27. ^ "41 more migrants feared drowned in new shipwreck". ITV.com. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
  28. ^ "Migrants charged with throwing 12 Christians overboard". Irish Times. 16 April 2015. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
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