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<noinclude>{{../doc}}
<!-- Only uncomment ONE image at a time
{{divhide|Staging area}}
[[Image:Bullrun.jpg|100px|Bull Run]]
==Images==
[[Image:USS Constitution 1997.jpg|100px|USS Constitution in 1997]]
Use only ONE image at a time
* [[1997]] &ndash; The fully restored [[USS Constitution|'''USS ''Constitution''''']] (aka "Old Ironsides") celebrated her 200th birthday by setting sail for the first time in 116 years.
<gallery>
* [[1995]] - The [[People's Republic of China|Chinese]] [[People's Liberation Army]] began firing [[missile]]s into the waters north of [[Taiwan]], starting the '''[[Third Taiwan Strait Crisis]]'''.
File:Bullrun.jpg|Bull Run
-->
File:John t scopes.jpg|John T. Scopes
'''[[July 21]]''': '''[[National holiday]]''' of [[Belgium]]
File:Boxer queue.JPG|Soldier with a queue
<div style="float:right;margin-left:0.5em;">
File:Aldrin Apollo 11 (3x5 crop).jpg|Astronaut Buzz Aldrin on {{nowrap|the Moon}}
[[Image:Leopold1.jpg|100px|Leopold I of Belgium]]
File:Buzz Aldrin.jpg|Buzz Aldrin
</div>
File:Miniaturk 009.jpg|Model of the Temple of Artemis
* [[1298]] - [[English people|English]] and [[Irish people|Irish]] forces led by [[Edward I of England|Edward Longshanks]] defeated [[William Wallace]]'s [[Scottish people|Scottish]] troops at the '''[[Battle of Falkirk (1298)|Battle of Falkirk]]'''.
File:Wild Bill.jpg|Wild Bill Hickok
* [[1831]] - In [[Brussels]], '''[[Leopold I of Belgium|Leopold I]]''' ''(pictured)'' was inaugurated as the first [[List of Belgian monarchs|King of the Belgians]].
File:AswanHighDam Egypt.jpg|Aswan High Dam
* [[1861]] - The '''[[First Battle of Bull Run]]''', the first major battle in the [[American Civil War]], began.
File:Lynching of Gualberto Villarroel - B&W.jpg|Gualberto Villarroel
* [[1954]] - [[First Indochina War]]: The '''[[Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone]]''' was established at the [[Geneva Conference (1954)|Geneva Conference]], [[Partition of Vietnam|partitioning]] [[Vietnam]] along the [[Seventeenth parallel|17th parallel]] into [[North Vietnam]] led by [[Ho Chi Minh]] and [[State of Vietnam|South Vietnam]] under [[Emperors of Vietnam|Emperor]] [[Bảo Đại]].
File:Sirimavo Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Ceylon 1960.PNG|Sirimavo Bandaranaike
* [[1970]] - The '''[[Aswan Dam|Aswan High Dam]]''' in [[Egypt]] was completed after 11 years of construction.
File:Yuen Long Station White Tee people attack citizen in platform 20190721.png|Yuen Long attack
</gallery>


==Ineligible==
Recent days: [[July 20]] &ndash; [[July 19]] &ndash; [[July 18]]
{|class="wikitable"
{{SelAnnivFooter|Month=July}}
|-
!Blurb
!Reason
|-
| ; [[Liberation Day]] in '''[[Guam]]''' ([[1944]])
| refimprove sections, outdated
|-
|'''[[Racial Harmony Day]]''' in Singapore ([[1964]])
| unreferenced section
|-
| [[356 BC]] – The '''[[Temple of Artemis]]'''<!-- ''(model pictured)''--> in [[Ephesus]], one of the [[Seven Wonders of the Ancient World]], was destroyed in an act of arson by a man named [[Herostratus]].
| lots of PN tags (6)
|-
| [[1774]] – The victorious [[Russian Empire]] and the defeated [[Ottoman Empire]] signed the [[Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca]]<!--not bold, refimprove-->, officially ending the '''[[Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)|Russo-Turkish War]]'''.
| unreffed material
|-
| [[1831]] – Following the [[Belgian Revolution]], '''[[Leopold I of Belgium|Leopold&nbsp;I]]''' was inaugurated as the first [[Monarchy of Belgium|king of the Belgians]] at the [[Place Royale, Brussels|Place Royale]] in [[Brussels]].
| Unref material
|-
| [[1403]] – Forces under [[Henry IV of England]] defeated a rebel army led by [[Henry Percy (Hotspur)|Henry "Hotspur" Percy]] at the '''[[Battle of Shrewsbury]]''' in what is now [[Battlefield, Shropshire]].
| refimprove section
|-
| [[1645]] – [[Qing dynasty]] regent [[Dorgon]] issued an edict ordering all [[Han Chinese]] men to shave their forehead and braid the rest of their hair into a '''[[Queue (hairstyle)|queue]]''' identical to those of the [[Manchus]].
| multiple issues
|-
| [[1861]] – In the '''[[First Battle of Bull Run]]''', the first major land battle in the [[American Civil War]], the [[Confederate States Army|Confederate Army]] under [[Joseph E. Johnston]] and [[P. G. T. Beauregard|{{nowrap|P. G. T.}} Beauregard]] routed [[Union Army]] troops under [[Irvin McDowell]].
| unreferenced section
|-
| [[1865]] – In one of the few recorded instances of a "[[Fast draw|quick draw]]" gun duel in the [[American Old West]], [[Wild Bill Hickok]] '''[[Hickok–Tutt shootout|shot and killed]]''' [[Davis Tutt]] over a [[poker]] debt.
| lots of CN tags (8)
|-
| [[1944]] – [[World War II]]: American troops '''[[Battle of Guam (1944)|landed]]''' on [[Guam]] to liberate it from Japanese control.
| single source
|-
| 1944 - '''[[20 July plot]]'''
| too many {cn} tags
|-
| [[1954]] – [[First Indochina War]]: The [[Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone]] was established at the '''[[1954 Geneva Conference|Geneva Conference]]''', partitioning Vietnam along the 17th parallel north into two zones: [[North Vietnam]] led by [[Ho Chi Minh]] and [[State of Vietnam|South Vietnam]] under [[Bảo Đại]].
| unreferenced section
|-
| [[1964]] – '''[[1964 race riots in Singapore|Race riots]]''' began in [[Padang, Singapore]] (then part of Malaysia) during a [[Ethnic Malays|Malay]] procession marking [[Muhammad]]'s birthday, leaving 23 people dead, 450 people injured, significant damage to property and vehicles, and a government imposed 11-day [[curfew]].
| refimprove, page numbers needed
|-
| [[1969]] – During the ''[[Apollo 11]]'' mission, '''[[Neil Armstrong]]''' and '''[[Buzz Aldrin]]''' became the first humans to walk on the [[Moon]].
| [[Apollo 11]]-related articles TFA and POTD on July 20 (2021)
|-
| [[1970]] – The '''[[Aswan Dam|Aswan High Dam]]''' in Egypt was completed after 11 years of construction.
| refimprove section
|-
| [[1995]] – The Chinese [[People's Liberation Army]] began firing missiles into the waters north of Taiwan, starting the '''[[Third Taiwan Strait Crisis]]'''.
| refimprove
|-
| [[2012]] – Turkish adventurer '''[[Erden Eruç]]''' became the first person in history to complete a solo human-powered [[circumnavigation]] of the Earth.
| primary sources
|-
| '''[[Brandi Chastain]]'''<!--American soccer player--> |b|1968
| unreferenced "Career statistics"
|-
| '''[[Rachael Flatt]]'''<!--American figure skater--> |b|1992
| unreferenced "detailed results"
|-
|'''[[Hubert Lyautey]]'''<!--French general--> |d|1934|
|Date uncertain
|-
|* [[1973]] – [[Mossad]] agents '''[[Lillehammer affair|killed]]''' a Moroccan waiter in [[Lillehammer]], Norway, mistakenly believing he had been involved in the [[Munich massacre|1972 Munich Olympics massacre]].
|Citation issues
|}

==Eligible==
* [[230]] – '''[[Pope Pontian]]''' began his pontificate, succeeding [[Pope Urban I|{{nowrap|Urban I}}]].
* [[AD 365|365]] – '''[[365 Crete earthquake|A large earthquake]]''' occurred near [[Crete]], triggering a [[tsunami]], and causing widespread destruction around the [[eastern Mediterranean]] region.
* [[905]] – '''[[Louis the Blind|{{nowrap|Louis III}}]]''', [[Holy Roman Emperor]], was captured and blinded during his attempt to restore [[Carolingian dynasty|Carolingian]] power over Italy by King [[Berengar I of Italy|{{nowrap|Berengar I}}]].
* [[1877]] – Much of central [[Pittsburgh|Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]], '''[[Pittsburgh railroad strike of 1877|was burned and looted]]''' during the [[Great Railroad Strike of 1877]].
* [[1918]] – [[World War I|World War&nbsp;I]]: An Imperial German Navy [[U-boat]] '''[[Attack on Orleans|opened fire]]''' on a small convoy of barges and defending aircraft near the American town of [[Orleans, Massachusetts]].
* [[1925]] – American high school biology teacher [[John T. Scopes]] '''[[Scopes trial|was found guilty]]''' of violating [[Tennessee]]'s [[Butler Act]] by teaching [[evolution]] in class.
* [[1952]] – '''[[1952 Kern County earthquake|An earthquake]]''' registering 7.3&nbsp;[[Moment magnitude scale|M<sub>w</sub>]] struck the southern [[San Joaquin Valley]] in California, causing 12 deaths and an estimated $60&nbsp;million in property damage.
* [[1960]] – '''[[Sirimavo Bandaranaike]]''' ''(pictured)'' [[July 1960 Ceylonese parliamentary election|was elected]]<!--not bold, short--> the [[Prime Minister of Sri Lanka|prime minister of Ceylon]], becoming the world's first democratically elected female head of government.
* [[1972]] – [[The Troubles]]: The [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] detonated '''[[Bloody Friday (1972)|twenty-two bombs]]''' throughout [[Belfast]], Northern Ireland.
* [[1990]] – The [[Republic of China Armed Forces|Taiwanese military]] ordered the deportation of dozens of illegal immigrants from mainland China '''[[Min Ping Yu No. 5540 incident|in sealed boat holds]]''', causing 25 deaths due to suffocation.
* [[2007]] – '''''[[Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows]]''''', the final book in the popular [[Harry Potter]] series by [[J. K. Rowling|{{nowrap|J. K.}} Rowling]], was released and sold {{nowrap|15 million}} copies in its first {{nowrap|24 hours}}, making it the fastest-selling book in history.
* [[2013]] – Nour Ahmad Nikbakht, an Iranian diplomat in Yemen, '''[[2013 Iranian diplomat kidnapping|was kidnapped]]''' by [[al-Qaeda]] militants and held hostage for the next two years.
* [[2019]] – People returning from [[2019–2020 Hong Kong protests|anti-extradition bill protests]] were '''[[2019 Yuen Long attack|attacked]]''' ''(pictured)'' by suspected [[Triad (organized crime)|triad]] members in [[Yuen Long]], Hong Kong, leaving 45 people injured.
* Born/died: | '''[[Geoffrey I, Count of Anjou]]'''|d|987| '''[[Henry Percy (Hotspur)|Henry Percy]]'''<!--English knight, died in Battle of Shrewsbury-->|d|1403| '''[[Charles Tristan, marquis de Montholon]]'''<!--French general-->|b|1783|'''[[Simion Bărnuțiu]]'''<!--Romanian academic-->|b|1808| '''[[Paul Reuter]]'''<!--German journalist-->|b|1816| '''[[Sophie Aberle]]'''<!--American anthropologist-->|b|1896| '''[[Hart Crane]]'''<!--American poet-->|b|1899| '''[[Russell Lee (photographer)|Russell Lee]]'''<!--American photographer-->|b|1903| '''[[Fiammetta Wilson]]'''<!--British astronomer-->|d|1920| '''[[Philomena Franz]]'''<!--Romani author-->|b|1922| '''[[Johnny Peirson]]'''<!--Canadian ice hockey player-->|b|1925| '''[[Louis Vauxcelles]]'''<!--French art critic-->|d|1943| '''[[John Atta Mills]]'''<!--Ghanaian president-->|b|1944| '''[[Claus von Stauffenberg]]'''<!--German soldier, assassin-->|d|1944| '''[[Hirini Melbourne]]'''<!-- Māori musician-->|b|1949| '''[[Jimmie Foxx]]'''<!--American baseball player-->|d|1967| '''[[Ruth St.&nbsp;Denis]]'''<!--American dancer-->|d|1968| '''[[Anthony Annan]]'''<!--Ghanaian footballer-->|b|1986| '''[[Rilwanu Lukman]]'''<!--Nigerian engineer--> |d|2014|

==Notes==
* [[Apollo 11]] featured on [[Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/July 20|July 20]], so Armstrong/Aldrin should not be used in the same year
* [[Hyde Park and Regent's Park bombings]] featured on [[Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/July 20|July 20]], is on the same topic as [[Bloody Friday (1972)]]
* [[Wild Bill Hickok]] appears on [[Wikipedia:Selected anniversaries/August 2|August 2]], so Hickok–Tutt shootout should not be used in the same year
{{divhide|end}}
</noinclude>
'''[[July 21]]''': '''[[Belgian National Day]]''' ([[1831]])
{{main page image/OTD|File:G. L. Gatteri, Il tumulto dei ciompi, Trieste, CMSA.jpg|Depiction of the Ciompi Revolt}}
* [[625]] – '''[[Paulinus of York|Paulinus]]''' was consecrated as the first [[Archbishop of York|bishop of York]] by [[Justus]], the [[archbishop of Canterbury]].
* [[1378]] – Unrepresented labourers '''[[Ciompi Revolt|revolted and violently took over]]''' the government of the [[Republic of Florence]] ''(depicted)'', demanding that they be granted political office.
* [[1946]] – After '''[[1946 La Paz riots|weeks of unrest]]''', rioters lynched Bolivian president [[Gualberto Villarroel]], desecrating and hanging his corpse in the streets of [[La Paz]].
* [[1959]] – The inaugural '''[[International Mathematical Olympiad]]''', the leading mathematical competition for pre-university students, began in Romania.
* [[1977]] – Libyan forces carried out a raid at [[Sallum]], sparking '''[[Egyptian–Libyan War|a four-day war]]''' with Egypt.
{{Born and died list| '''[[John Atta Mills]]'''<!--Ghanaian president-->|b|1944| '''[[Claus von Stauffenberg]]'''<!--German soldier, assassin-->|d|1944| '''[[Jimmie Foxx]]'''<!--American baseball player-->|d|1967| '''[[Lettice Curtis]]'''<!--English aviator--> |d|2014|}}
{{SelAnnivFooter|Month=July|Day=21}}

Latest revision as of 22:25, 19 July 2024

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This is a list of selected July 21 anniversaries that appear in the "On this day" section of the Main Page. To suggest a new item, in most cases, you can be bold and edit this page. Please read the selected anniversaries guidelines before making your edit. However, if your addition might be controversial or on a day that is or will soon be on the Main Page, please post your suggestion on the talk page instead.

Please note that the events listed on the Main Page are chosen based more on relative article quality and to maintain a mix of topics, not based solely on how important or significant their subjects are. Only four to five events are posted at a time and thus not everything that is "most important and significant" can be listed. In addition, an event is generally not posted this year if it is also the subject of the scheduled featured article or picture of the day.

To report an error when this appears on the Main Page, see Main Page errors. Please remember that this list defers to the supporting articles, so it is best to achieve consensus and make any necessary changes there first.

← July 20 July 22 →
Staging area

Images

Use only ONE image at a time

  • Bull Run
    Bull Run
  • John T. Scopes
    John T. Scopes
  • Soldier with a queue
    Soldier with a queue
  • Astronaut Buzz Aldrin on the Moon
    Astronaut Buzz Aldrin on the Moon
  • Buzz Aldrin
    Buzz Aldrin
  • Model of the Temple of Artemis
    Model of the Temple of Artemis
  • Wild Bill Hickok
    Wild Bill Hickok
  • Aswan High Dam
    Aswan High Dam
  • Gualberto Villarroel
    Gualberto Villarroel
  • Sirimavo Bandaranaike
    Sirimavo Bandaranaike
  • Yuen Long attack
    Yuen Long attack

Ineligible

Blurb Reason
; Liberation Day in Guam (1944) refimprove sections, outdated
Racial Harmony Day in Singapore (1964) unreferenced section
356 BC – The Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, was destroyed in an act of arson by a man named Herostratus. lots of PN tags (6)
1774 – The victorious Russian Empire and the defeated Ottoman Empire signed the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca, officially ending the Russo-Turkish War. unreffed material
1831 – Following the Belgian Revolution, Leopold I was inaugurated as the first king of the Belgians at the Place Royale in Brussels. Unref material
1403 – Forces under Henry IV of England defeated a rebel army led by Henry "Hotspur" Percy at the Battle of Shrewsbury in what is now Battlefield, Shropshire. refimprove section
1645 – Qing dynasty regent Dorgon issued an edict ordering all Han Chinese men to shave their forehead and braid the rest of their hair into a queue identical to those of the Manchus. multiple issues
1861 – In the First Battle of Bull Run, the first major land battle in the American Civil War, the Confederate Army under Joseph E. Johnston and P. G. T. Beauregard routed Union Army troops under Irvin McDowell. unreferenced section
1865 – In one of the few recorded instances of a "quick draw" gun duel in the American Old West, Wild Bill Hickok shot and killed Davis Tutt over a poker debt. lots of CN tags (8)
1944 – World War II: American troops landed on Guam to liberate it from Japanese control. single source
1944 - 20 July plot too many {cn} tags
1954 – First Indochina War: The Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone was established at the Geneva Conference, partitioning Vietnam along the 17th parallel north into two zones: North Vietnam led by Ho Chi Minh and South Vietnam under Bảo Đại. unreferenced section
1964 – Race riots began in Padang, Singapore (then part of Malaysia) during a Malay procession marking Muhammad's birthday, leaving 23 people dead, 450 people injured, significant damage to property and vehicles, and a government imposed 11-day curfew. refimprove, page numbers needed
1969 – During the Apollo 11 mission, Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to walk on the Moon. Apollo 11-related articles TFA and POTD on July 20 (2021)
1970 – The Aswan High Dam in Egypt was completed after 11 years of construction. refimprove section
1995 – The Chinese People's Liberation Army began firing missiles into the waters north of Taiwan, starting the Third Taiwan Strait Crisis. refimprove
2012 – Turkish adventurer Erden Eruç became the first person in history to complete a solo human-powered circumnavigation of the Earth. primary sources
Brandi Chastain |b|1968 unreferenced "Career statistics"
Rachael Flatt |b|1992 unreferenced "detailed results"
Hubert Lyautey |d|1934| Date uncertain
* 1973 – Mossad agents killed a Moroccan waiter in Lillehammer, Norway, mistakenly believing he had been involved in the 1972 Munich Olympics massacre. Citation issues

Eligible

Notes

July 21: Belgian National Day (1831)

Depiction of the Ciompi Revolt
Depiction of the Ciompi Revolt
More anniversaries:
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