Comparison of operating systems: Difference between revisions
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{{fnb|9}} "Zones" are a [[jail (computer security)|jail]] mechanism introduced with [[Solaris]] 10.<br /> |
{{fnb|9}} "Zones" are a [[jail (computer security)|jail]] mechanism introduced with [[Solaris]] 10.<br /> |
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{{fnb|10}} ACLs were added to [[Mac OS X]] beginning with version 10.4.<br /> |
{{fnb|10}} ACLs were added to [[Mac OS X]] beginning with version 10.4.<br /> |
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=== OS exploits out of the box === |
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Operating systems vary in their "out of box" vulnerabilities when installed on a modern computer and exposed to the [[Internet]]. See [http://www.omninerd.com/articles/articles.php?aid=11 this page] for a summary of vulnerability scans produced by [[Nessus (software) | Nessus]] against operating systems in various states of configuration. |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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*[[Operating system advocacy]] |
*[[Operating system advocacy]] |
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*[[Windows vs Linux]] |
*[[Windows vs Linux]] |
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== References == |
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*{{Web reference_full | Author=Vea, Matthew | Title=Default Exploits in Box | Publisher=City: Chicago | PublishYear=August 30, 2004 | Work=OmniNerd | URL=http://www.omninerd.com/articles/articles.php?aid=11 | Date=July 28 | Year=2005}} |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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Revision as of 18:16, 28 July 2005
The following tables compare general and technical information for a number of operating systems. Please see the individual products' articles for further information. The table only includes systems that are widely used and currently available. Due to the large number and variety of available Linux distributions, all of these operating systems are grouped under a single entry in these tables. See comparison of Linux distributions for a detailed comparison.
The tables specifically do not include subjective viewpoints on the merits of each operating system. For this kind of information, please see operating system advocacy.
General Information
| Creator | First public release | Predecessor | Latest stable version | Cost (USD) | Preferred licenseTemplate:Fn | Target system type | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AIX | IBM | 1986 | System V R3 | 5.3 | ? | Proprietary | Server, Network Appliance, Workstation |
| FreeBSD | The FreeBSD Project | December 1993 | 386BSD | 5.4 | Free | BSD | Server, Workstation, Network Appliance |
| GNU/Linux | various | September 1991 | Unix | See: Comparison of Linux distributions | |||
| Mac OS | Apple | January 1984 | noneTemplate:Fn | 9.2 | $20 for OS X ownersTemplate:Fn | Proprietary | Workstation, Home Desktop |
| Mac OS X | Apple | March 2001 | OPENSTEP, Mac OS | 10.4 "Tiger" | $129 | Proprietary, parts APSL | Workstation, Home Desktop, Server |
| NetBSD | The NetBSD project | May 1993 | 386BSD | 2.0.2 | Free | BSD | Network Appliance, Server, Workstation, Embedded |
| Netware | Novell | 1985 | S-Net | 6.5 SP3 | $184 (1 user connection) | Proprietary | Server |
| OpenBSD | The OpenBSD project | October 1995 | NetBSD | 3.7 | Free | BSD | Server, Network Appliance, Workstation |
| OpenVMS | DEC (now HP) | February 1978 | RSX-11M | 8.2 | Free for non-commercial use | Proprietary | Server |
| OS/2 | IBM | December 1987 | DOS | 4.5 | ? | Proprietary | Home Desktop, Server |
| Plan 9 | Bell Labs | 1993 | none | Fourth Edition | Free | LPL | Workstation, Server, Embedded |
| Solaris | Sun | July 1992 | SunOS | 10 | Free | CDDL | Server, Workstation |
| Windows Server 2003 | Microsoft | April 2003 | Windows 2000 | 5.2 SP1 | $999 (5 clients) | Proprietary | Server |
| Windows XP | Microsoft | October 2001 | Windows 2000 | 5.1 SP2 | Home $199, Professional $299 | Proprietary | Workstation, Home Desktop |
| Windows Me | Microsoft | September 2000 | Windows 98 | 4.90 | $209 | Proprietary | Home Desktop |
| yellowTAB Zeta | yellowTAB | June 2005 | BeOS R5 | 1.0 | Professional $110, Student $80 | Proprietary | Home Desktop, Media Workstation |
| Creator | First public release | Predecessor | Latest stable version | Cost (USD) | Preferred licenseTemplate:Fn | Target system type | |
Template:Fnb Although Lisa OS ran on the same microprocessor and was developed by Apple at the same time as Mac OS, very little code was shared between the two. [1]
Template:Fnb Most OS distributions include bundled software with various other licenses.
Template:Fnb Mac OS versions up to 7.6.1 are available free of charge here.
Technical Information
| Supported Architectures | Supported File Systems | Kernel type | Integrated GUI environmentTemplate:Fn | Package management | Update management | Primary APIsTemplate:Fn | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AIX | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? |
| FreeBSD | x86, AMD64, SPARC, PC98, PPC, some others | UFS2, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, and others | Monolithic with modules | no | ports tree, packages | by source (CVSup) | BSD, POSIX |
| GNU/Linux | x86, AMD64, Alpha, PPC, SPARC, various others | ext2, ext3, ReiserFS, FAT, ISO 9660, NFS, and others | Monolithic with modules | no | See: Comparison of Linux distributions | POSIX | |
| Mac OS | PPC, 68K | HFS+, HFS, ISO 9660, FAT, UDF | Monolithic with modules | yes | Apple Installer | Software Update | proprietary, Carbon |
| Mac OS X | PPC (an x86 version has been announced) | HFS+, UFS, AFP, ISO 9660, FAT, UDF, NFS | Hybrid | yes | OS X Installer | Software Update | Carbon, Cocoa |
| NetBSD | x86, AMD64, PPC, SPARC, Alpha, 68k, 40+ others | UFS, UFS2, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, NFS, LFS, and others | Monolithic with modules | no | pkgsrc | by source | BSD, POSIX |
| Netware | x86 | NSS, NWFS, FAT, NFS, AFP, UDF, ISO 9660 | Hybrid | no | NWCONFIG.NLM | binary updates | proprietary |
| OpenBSD | x86, Alpha, SPARC, VAX, various others | UFS, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, NFS, some others | Monolithic | no | ports tree, packages | by source | BSD, POSIX |
| OpenVMS | VAX, Alpha, IA-64 | Files-11, ISO 9660, NFS | Monolithic with modules | no | PCSI, VMSINSTALL | - | UNIX-like |
| OS/2 | x86 | HPFS, JFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS | Monolithic | no | Feature Install and others | - | proprietary |
| Plan 9 | x86, MIPS, Alpha, PPC,SPARC, many others | fossil, venti, 9P2000, kfs, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660 | Monolithic, user space file systems | yes | - | replica | UNIX-like |
| Solaris | SPARC, SPARC64, x86, IA-64 | UFS, ZFS, ext2, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF, NFS, some others | Monolithic with modules | no | SysV packages (pkgadd) | Sun Update Connection | SysV, POSIX |
| Windows Server 2003, Windows XP | x86, IA-64, AMD64 | NTFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF | Hybrid | yes | MSI, custom installers | Windows Update | Win32 |
| Windows Me | x86 | FAT, ISO 9660 | Monolithic with modules | yes | MSI, custom installers | Windows Update | Win32 |
| yellowTAB Zeta | x86 | BFS, FAT, ISO 9660, UDF | Hybrid | yes | SoftwareValet, script-based installers | none | BeOS, POSIX |
| Supported Architectures | Supported File Systems | Kernel type | Integrated GUI environmentTemplate:Fn | Package management | Update management | Primary APIsTemplate:Fn | |
Template:Fnb Most operating systems use proprietary APIs in addition to any supported standards.
Template:Fnb Operating systems where the GUI is not integrated into the core OS are often bundled with an implementation of the X Window System. However, installing X is usually optional.
Security
| Resource access control | Subsystem isolation mechanisms | Integrated firewall | Encrypted file systems | Data execution prevention (hardware / emulation) |
Known unpatched vulnerabilitiesTemplate:Fn (number / oldest) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AIX | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 2 / 2002-10-11 |
| FreeBSD | UNIX, ACLs, MAC | chroot, jail | IPFW2, IP Filter, Packet Filter | yes | ? / ? | 0 / - |
| GNU/Linux | UNIX, ACLsTemplate:Fn | chroot, capabilitiesTemplate:Fn | Netfilter | yes | yes / noTemplate:Fn | See comparison of Linux distributions |
| Mac OS | none | none | none | no | ? / ? | 0 / - |
| Mac OS X | UNIX, ACLsTemplate:Fn | chroot | ipfw | yes | ? / ? | 0 / - |
| NetBSD | UNIX | chroot | Packet Filter | yes | ? / ? | n/a |
| Netware | ACLs | none | IPFLT.NLM | yes | yes / no | 2 / 2003-10-30 |
| OpenBSD | UNIX | chroot | Packet Filter | yes | yes / yes | 1 / 2002-12-11 |
| OpenVMS | ACLs | ? | ? | ? | ? / ? | 0 / - |
| OS/2 | none | none | none | no | ? / ? | n/a |
| Plan 9 | UNIX (?) | ? | ? | ? | ? / ? | n/a |
| Solaris | UNIX | chroot, jailTemplate:Fn | ? | ? | ? / ? | 3 / 2005-04-13 |
| Windows Server 2003 | ACLs | none | Windows Firewall | yes | yes / no | 6 / 2003-06-11 |
| Windows XP | ACLs | none | Windows Firewall | yes | yes / no | 17 / 2002-09-18 |
| Windows Me | none | none | none | no | no / no | 2 / 2004-04-26 |
| yellowTAB Zeta | none | none | none | no | no / no | n/a |
| Resource access control | Subsystem isolation mechanisms | Integrated firewall | Encrypted file systems | Data execution prevention (hardware / emulation) |
Known unpatched vulnerabilitiesTemplate:Fn (number / oldest) |
Template:Fnb Comparison of known unpatched vulnerabilities is based on Secunia vulnerabilities reports with a severity of less critical and above. Last updated 2005-07-28.
Template:Fnb Posix ACL support is included in Linux 2.6, but requires a file system capable of storing them (such as ext3, XFS or ReiserFS).
Template:Fnb A jail mechanism is available separately in the Linux-VServer project, but is not integrated into any mainline Linux kernel.
Template:Fnb The Exec Shield and PaX extensions provide NX emulation on x86 hardware.
Template:Fnb "Zones" are a jail mechanism introduced with Solaris 10.
Template:Fnb ACLs were added to Mac OS X beginning with version 10.4.
OS exploits out of the box
Operating systems vary in their "out of box" vulnerabilities when installed on a modern computer and exposed to the Internet. See this page for a summary of vulnerability scans produced by Nessus against operating systems in various states of configuration.
See also
- List of operating systems
- Comparison of Linux distributions
- Comparison of file systems
- Operating system advocacy
- Windows vs Linux
References
External links
- Operating System Technical Comparison at osdata.com.