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|Album = [[I Am... Sasha Fierce]]
|Album = [[I Am... Sasha Fierce]]
|Border = yes
|Border = yes
|Released = {{Start date|2008|01|20}}
|Released = {{Start date|2009|01|20}}
|Format = [[Compact Disc single|CD single]], [[Music download|digital download]]
|Format = [[Compact Disc single|CD single]], [[Music download|digital download]]
|Recorded = 2008, Manfield Studios ([[Los Angeles]], [[California]]); Germano Studios and Roc The Mic Studios ([[New York City]], New York)
|Recorded = 2008, Manfield Studios ([[Los Angeles]], [[California]]); Germano Studios and Roc The Mic Studios ([[New York City]], New York)

Revision as of 06:37, 12 January 2012

"Halo"
Song

"Halo" is a song recorded by American R&B singer Beyoncé Knowles for her third studio album, I Am... Sasha Fierce (2008). Columbia Records released the song, the album's fourth single, to mainstream radio on January 20, 2009 in the United States, and to international markets from February 20. Inspired by Ray LaMontagne's 2004 song "Shelter", "Halo" was composed by Ryan Tedder, Evan Bogart and Knowles. It was conceived by Tedder and Bogart specifically for Knowles, although there was media speculation that it had been intended for Leona Lewis. Kelly Clarkson claimed that Tedder used the musical arrangement of "Halo" in her 2009 song "Already Gone".

"Halo" is an R&B and pop power ballad, the lyrics of which describe a sublime love. It features drum, piano, keyboard, string, synthesizer, and percussion instrumentation. "Halo" received positive reviews from music critics, who made comparisons with Lewis' 2007 song "Bleeding Love". Its production and Knowles' emotional vocals received critical praise. "Halo" was nominated for Record of the Year and won Best Female Pop Vocal Performance at the 52nd Grammy Awards. It won Best Song at the 2009 MTV Europe Music Awards. "Halo" topped the singles charts of Brazil, Norway and Slovakia, and reached the top five on the singles chart of Australia, Germany, Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the US. It was certified triple-platinum in Australia, and double-platinum in Spain and the US.

Philip Andelman directed the ballad's accompanying music video, which features American actor Michael Ealy. It portrays a romantic relationship between Knowles's character and Ealy's. Critics complimented Knowles' looks in the clip. An alternative music video, which shows Ealy's character escaping from police through a forest at night, was posted on the internet in May 2010. The lyrics to "Halo" were changed for two of Knowles' special live performances: first, in a tribute to Michael Jackson following his death, and then in a tribute to the victims of the 2010 Haiti earthquake. The song has been covered by many artists, including Florence and the Machine and Westlife. It was performed on the television show Glee, and was added to the international soundtrack of the Brazilian soap opera India – A Love Story.

Writing and production

The portrait of a blonde man. He wears a gray coat and a hat.
Knowles, Bogart, and Tedder (pictured) composed "Halo" in Tedder's music studio in California.[1]

"Halo" was composed by Ryan Tedder, lead vocalist of OneRepublic, together with Evan "Kidd" Bogart and Beyoncé Knowles.[2] In an interview for HitQuarters, Kidd said that OneRepublic had to cancel their tour after Tedder had broken his Achilles tendon and underwent surgery.[1] The following day, the band decided to send Tedder to Los Angeles. There, he and Kidd were socializing when Tedder expressed his desire to write a song.[1] Kidd was initially opposed to the idea because Tedder was supposed to be recuperating, but the pair went to Tedder's studio.[1] During the writing sessions, Ray LaMontagne became one of the primary inspirations for "Halo". Kidd suggested they create a song in the style of LaMontagne's "Shelter" for Knowles and her husband Jay-Z, and proposed the title "Halo" after hearing Tedder play "angelic" chords.[1] They wrote the song within three hours.[1][3]

According to Simon Cowell, owner of music production company Syco Entertainment, Bogart and Tedder intended "Halo" for his client, singer Leona Lewis.[1][4] Cowell was upset that Knowles chose to record the song.[1] David Balls, editor of the British media website Digital Spy, asked Tedder during an interview whether "Halo" had initially been written for Lewis.[5] Tedder answered that he had only tentatively offered the track to Lewis, after Knowles waited a long time before recording it.[5] He commented:

There was this huge scandal that originally "Halo" was meant to go to Leona. That was never the case ... That song was written for Beyoncé. What happened was that Beyoncé waited long enough to record that song ... I thought this would be a brilliant first single for Leona, which it would have ... What I did was foolishly say to Leona's camp, "I have it on hold for another A-list artist and I'm pretty sure they'll take it, but if they don't, I just want to know if you like it enough to consider it". I sent it to them and they flipped on it. They loved it and instantly said they wanted to do it. I was like, "Wait, wait, wait, no, it's not free yet!"[5]

"Halo" was produced by Tedder and Knowles in 2008 at Manfield Studios in Los Angeles, and at Germano and Roc The Mic Studios in New York City.[2][6] Tedder did the musical arrangements and played the instruments, while Christian Baker assisted in recording the music. Mark "Spike" Stent mixed the track with assistance from Matt Green, and Jim Caruana recorded Knowles' vocals; both these tasks were done at Roc the Mic Studios.[2] "Halo" is present on the I Am... disc of the double album I Am... Sasha Fierce, as it is a ballad, which shows Knowles' insecurities about love,[7][8][9] and the person she is "underneath all the makeup, underneath the lights and underneath all the exciting star drama".[10] She said that she loves singing ballads because, "[t]he music and the emotion in the story is told so much better. It's a better connection because you can hear it and it's not all these other distractions. I really wanted people to hear my voice and hear what I had to say."[7]

Release

"Halo" and "Ego" were initially planned for simultaneous release in the US, following the 2008 dual lead singles "If I Were a Boy" and "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)".[8] But the release of "Ego" was canceled, and it was replaced by "Diva".[11] "Halo" was taken from a different disc of I Am... Sasha Fierce to "Diva"; the intention was to demonstrate the concept that Knowles has conflicting personalities,[12][13][14] the central theme of the album. This motif was demonstrated by placing the album's ballads and uptempo tracks on separate discs.[10][13] "Halo" was sent by Music World Entertainment and Columbia Records to contemporary hit radio playlists on January 20, 2009,[15] while "Diva" was classified for rhythmic contemporary and urban contemporary radio playlists.[16][17]

A digital EP containing a radio edit and four remixes of "Halo" was released in the US on April 14, 2009.[18] On February 20, 2009, it was released as a two-track digital download, including a remix of "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" in Australia,[19] New Zealand,[20] and Canada—[21]where the song was also made available on a digital EP, as a maxi single and a vinyl single on April 14, 2009.[22][23] In France, "Halo" was released as a stand-alone digital download on March 20, 2009.[24] On the same date, it was serviced digitally alongside the album version of "Diva" in mainland Europe,[25] including Germany,[26] where the song was also made available as a CD single on April 3 and a vinyl single on April 12, 2009.[27][28] In the United Kingdom, a digital EP containing the album version and three remixes of "Halo" was released on April 13, 2009.[29][30]

Composition and lyrical interpretation

"Halo"
A 26-second sample of the third and final pre-chorus and chorus of "Halo", which include R&B undertones, sweeping strings, and percussive step sounds provided by a stomp box.[14][31][32] Towards the end, Knowles echoes, "Ha-lo, ha-lo, ha-lo", which is similar to the way Rihanna ricochets, "eh eh eh", on the chorus of "Umbrella".[10][33]
Problems playing this file? See media help.

"Halo" is a contemporary downtempo power ballad,[34][35] which according to Christian Williams of Billboard magazine, features an R&B and pop production;[14] it also contains elements of gospel and soul music.[36][32] The song is composed using common time in the key of A major, with a moderate tempo of 84 beats per minute, and is built on the chord progression A–Bm–F♯m–D.[37] It is written in the common verse-chorus form, and includes backing vocals.[37] In the song, Knowles' vocal spans from C♯3 to F♯5,[37] and incorporates use of the melisma technique.[38] Instrumentation is provided by a piano, keyboards, big drums, a synthesizer undercurrent, strings, and percussion instruments.[31][32][39][40] The cascading piano work is augmented by handclaps and percussive beats, supplied by a stomp box.[31][32][34][41] The song also consists of symphonic swells and electronic accents.[36]

Lyrically, "Halo" features Knowles as the female protagonist professing her all-encompassing love to her heavenly lover with open-hearted emotion.[32][42][36] Knowles said, "['Halo'] is angelic ... like you see [angels'] faces instantly when you hear it. [Its lyrics] are basically saying that I had these walls built up about love; you completely tore them down and when I look at you I see your halo, it's really beautiful."[43] The song opens with the lines: "Remember those walls I built? Well, baby, they’re tumbling down".[36] Knowles sings the introduction in a low register, and the power of her voice gradually increases as the song progresses.[10] Her voice dips in and out of vibratos—a musical effect consisting of a regular, pulsating change of pitch—and trills, which are musical ornaments consisting of a rapid alternation between two adjacent notes.[34] On the pre-chorus lines, Knowles chants, "Everywhere I'm looking now, I'm surrounded by your embrace, baby I can see your halo, you know you're my saving grace".[35] She then echoes the word "halo" in the chorus,[10] complemented by strings and percussion.[31]

Kelly Clarkson accusation

Soon after composing "Halo", Tedder worked with Kelly Clarkson on her fourth studio album, All I Ever Wanted (2009), and one of the songs they wrote together was "Already Gone".[44] When the song came out, many critics noted a resemblance to Knowles' "Halo".[45] Clarkson, however, initially stated that she was unaware of any similarities between the two songs.[46] She eventually realized their resemblance when she listened to both recordings closely; the similarities are most notable in the backing tracks, which in both cases feature a melancholy piano, loud drums, and handclaps.[45] Clarkson tried to prevent "Already Gone" from being included on All I Ever Wanted, but the decision was out of her hands as her album was already being printed when I Am... Sasha Fierce came out.[44] She accused Tedder of using the same arrangement on both "Already Gone" and "Halo", and complained that people would, incorrectly, assume she was stealing it from Knowles.[44]

Clarkson was furious and confronted Tedder on the phone.[44] In response, Tedder commented that he would never give two artists the same musical arrangement, and that her criticism was "hurtful and absurd".[47] He asserted that the concept, melodies, and lyrics of "Already Gone" and "Halo" are completely different.[47] Calling "Already Gone" one of the best songs he had ever composed, Tedder challenged people to listen to the two ballads and to form their own views.[47] Clarkson discouraged her label, RCA, from releasing "Already Gone" as a single because she respected Knowles,[48] but they went against her will and released it.[44] She said, "It's one of those things I have no control over. I already made my album. At this point, the record company can do whatever they want with it."[49] Clarkson later told James Montgomery of MTV News that it was unfortunate "Already Gone" and "Halo" sound so similar, but noted that at least they have different vocal melodies.[46]

Critical reception

Reviews

Christian Williams of Billboard magazine wrote that the pop sound of "Halo" should take it to the summit of the charts.[14] He added that comparisons could be made to Lewis' "Bleeding Love" (2007), but concluded, "['Halo'] hangs high on its own merits".[14] Michael Slezak of Entertainment Weekly described "Halo" as "an absolutely glorious and perfectly produced track", which had the potential to be as commercially successful as "Crazy in Love" (2003) and "Irreplaceable" (2007).[31] Joey Guerra of the Houston Chronicle wrote that it was an immediate standout on I Am... Sasha Fierce.[36] Praising the "big and wide" melodies of "Halo", Matos Michaelangelo of The A.V. Club commented that Knowles had "a real flair for grandeur".[50] Jennifer Cady of E! Online wrote that the song was "perfect for some kind of romantic mixtape".[51] James Montgomery of MTV News noted that the "tear-jerking power" of "Halo" reveals "sides of Beyoncé we never knew existed".[52] Ryan Dombal of Pitchfork Media noted that Knowles' vocal delivery was "strident and exposed", reminiscent of Céline Dion's style.[42]

Noting the "garden-variety lyrics" of the ballad, James Reed of The Boston Globe wrote that "Halo" was the most evocative power ballad Knowles has ever recorded, comparing it to the work done by American record producer and songwriter Phil Spector on his Wall of Sound mixing board.[13] Several music critics have highlighted the similarities of "Halo" to Rihanna's "Umbrella" (2007); Alexis Petridis of The Guardian noted that "Halo" has the same "icy synths, drivetime rock dynamic, and a similar repetitive chorus".[40] This view was echoed by Jennifer Vineyard of MTV News[10] and Brent DiCrescenzo of Timeout, who viewed "Halo" as a "Bette Midler–level hymn from ['Umbrella'], lift[ing its] savior theme".[33] Nick Levine of Digital Spy described "Halo" as a "muscular hybrid" of "Umbrella" and Lewis' "Bleeding Love".[53] David Balls of the same website wrote, "Halo' is a contemporary power ballad in the 'Bleeding Love' mould ... Could Lewis have pulled this off better? Well, that's a matter of opinion of course, but Mrs. Jay-Z doesn't leave much room for improvement."[35]

Awards and recognition

"Halo" was nominated for Best Single at the 2009 Urban Music Awards,[54] and for Best Love Song at the 2009 Teen Choice Awards.[55] It won Best Song at the MTV Europe Music Awards 2009.[56] The ballad was placed at number seven of Rap-Up's list of the 25 best songs of 2009.[57] "Halo" was nominated at the 52nd Grammy Awards, in the categories of Record of the Year and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance, winning the latter.[58] It also won Best Foreign Song at the 2010 Croatian Porin Awards.[59] The live version of "Halo", which is featured on I Am... Yours: An Intimate Performance at Wynn Las Vegas (2009), was nominated for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance at the 53rd Grammy Awards.[60][61] The American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) recognized "Halo" as one of the most performed songs of 2009 at the 27th ASCAP Pop Music Awards.[62] On the occasion of Knowles' thirtieth birthday, Erika Ramirez and Jason Lipshutz of Billboard magazine placed the ballad at number 18 on their list of Knowles' 30 biggest Billboard hits.[3]

Chart performance

"Halo" debuted at number 93 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart issue dated February 7, 2009.[63] It peaked at number five on the chart issue dated May 23, 2009.[64] "Halo"'s US success meant that Knowles achieved more top 10 singles on the Hot 100 chart than any other female artist in the 2000s decade.[65] After spending 30 weeks in the top 40 of the Hot 100 chart, "Halo" last charted on the week ending August 29, 2009.[66] It peaked at number five on the US Pop Songs chart, at number one on the US Hot Dance Club Songs chart, and at number 16 on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.[67] The single was certified double-platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on January 5, 2010, denoting shipment of two million copies.[68] By mid-July 2010, "Halo" had sold 2,518,000 digital downloads in the US.[69]

"Halo" debuted at number 40 on the New Zealand Singles Chart on February 2, 2009,[70] and peaked at number two three weeks later.[71] On February 15, 2009, it entered the ARIA Singles Chart at number 29.[72] The single, which peaked at number three,[73] left the top 40 on August 11, 2009.[74] "Halo" was certified triple-platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), denoting shipment of 210,000 copies.[75] On the Spanish Singles Chart, "Halo" debuted at number 45 on January 25, 2009, but it fell off the chart the following week.[76] However, the song re-entered the chart four months later on May 3, 2009, at number 44,[77] and peaked at number five on October 11, 2009.[78] It was certified double-platinum by the Productores de Música de España (PROMUSICAE), denoting shipment of 80,000 copies.[79]

"Halo" entered the UK Singles Chart at number 98 on February 27, 2009;[80] over a period of six weeks up to April 4, it climbed to number four.[81] It spent almost a year on the UK Singles Chart; 43 weeks after its debut, it was at number 60 on July 9, 2010, before leaving the chart the following week.[82] The song peaked at number one on the UK Airplay Chart for five weeks.[83] "Halo" was certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), denoting shipment of 400,000 copies.[84] On January 22, 2009, it debuted on the Irish Singles Chart at number 32,[85] and on March 26, 2009, the song peaked at number four,[86] where it remained for two additional weeks in April 2009.[87]

Music video

The accompanying music video for "Halo" and "Diva" premiered simultaneously on the US iTunes Store on December 23, 2008.[31] Shot in late November 2008, the video was directed by Philip Andelman and features actor Michael Ealy as Knowles' love interest.[88][89] Ealy was happy to work with Knowles, as he had loved the song immediately after hearing it.[90] This was the second time he was asked to star in a video for a song by Knowles; the first was "Irreplaceable", which he had refused because he did not appreciate its theme and concept.[90] He had advised Knowles: "Call me when you have a hero role."[90]

Knowles has characterized the video as intimate and romantic.[43] The video begins as she stands against a wall, illuminated by light that passes through a window. In one scene, Knowles' character, dressed in a skin-tight leotard, performs a dance sequence while her love interest looks down at her from a balcony. According to Michael Slezak of Entertainment Weekly, the dance routines pay homage to the 1983 romantic drama film Flashdance.[31] Knowles and Ealy later stare adoringly at each other as they snuggle on a sofa. During the climax of the video, Knowles is shown underwater, dressed in white, moving slowly upwards. As the chorus begins, she opens her eyes; after Ealy kisses the back of her neck, the pair come face to face in the final scene, in which Knowles lies in bed, with Ealy above her. The video was ranked at number 74 on BET's Notarized: Top 100 Videos of 2009 countdown.[91] Jennifer Cady of E! Online wrote that the bright shiny lights in the video "make [Knowles] look like an angel".[51] Alison Maloney of The Sun praised Knowles' "amazing figure".[92]

An alternate video surfaced online in late May 2010, explaining why Knowles' character was remembering her love interest in the original version.[88][93] The alternate version begins with a view of the night sky and many trees, as Knowles drives a car while Ealy's character is chased by the police through a forest. As the video progresses she parks her car on the side of the road. Various scenes from the original version are shown. Police dogs eventually catch the man and attack him savagely. An open bag reveals stolen money, which is dispersed by the wind. At the end of the video, Knowles finds Ealy in the forest, lying lifelessly on the ground.[88]

Live performances

A brunette woman is singing. She is wearing a black dress. In front of her white stairs are seen.
Knowles performing "Halo" at the O2 Arena, in London, England

Knowles' first live performance of "Halo" was at the NAACP Awards on February 12, 2009.[94][95] Wearing a white gown, she sang the ballad while archival footage from the Civil Rights movement was shown on many screens in the background.[94] Brennan Williams of Entertainment Newswire wrote that Knowles' "breathtaking performance" showed why she received the 2009 NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Female Artist.[94] She also sang "Halo" on The Late Show with David Letterman on April 22, 2009,[96][97] and on The Today Show the following day.[98] The song was later added to the set list of her I Am... Tour in 2009–10,[99][100] when it was performed during the concert's encore.[99][100] After Knowles finished her "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" performance, she sang "Halo". At first she sang the ballad on stage, but later she descended to shake hands with everybody in the front rows.[100] Deborah McAleese and Lauren Mulvenny of The Belfast Telegraph commented that the ballad "was sung with great passion".[101] It was included on her CD/DVD live albums I Am... Yours: An Intimate Performance at Wynn Las Vegas[102] and I Am... World Tour (2010).[103] Knowles performed "Halo" live, as the closing song at the 2011 Glastonbury Festival, in front of an audience of more than 175,000.[104] During the ITV special A Night With Beyoncé, which aired on December 4, 2011 in the UK, she sang the ballad to a selected crowd of fans.[105]

On June 25, 2009, American entertainer Michael Jackson died while Knowles was touring.[106] His death led her to perform tributes to Jackson at tour venues, including Atlanta, Georgia[107] on July 1, 2009;[106] and New Orleans, Louisiana on July 3, 2009.[108] During the tribute, an image of Jackson was shown on the main screen. As Knowles sang an emotional rendition of "Halo", she changed the lyrics to "Michael I can see your Halo / I pray your music won't fade away".[108] On January 12, 2010, Haiti was struck by an earthquake. A charity telethon called Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit for Earthquake Relief took place on January 22, 2010, in which many artists, including Knowles, participated.[109][110] She performed an acoustic version of "Halo" with Coldplay's lead vocalist Chris Martin playing the piano.[109][111] To make the song match the night's purpose,[112] Knowles weaved "Haiti" into its lyrics, singing "Haiti, we can see your halo / You know you're my saving grace / You're everything I need and more, it's written all over your face / Haiti, we can see your halo / I pray you won't fade away".[113] This version was included on the 2010 live album Hope for Haiti Now.[113]

Cover versions and usage in media

In 2009, "Halo" was covered by Florence and the Machine on BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge.[114] Elementary school group PS22 chorus covered "Halo" and "Single Ladies" during the 2009 Billboard Women In Music luncheon held at The Pierre in New York City.[115] At the 2009 MTV Europe Music Awards, American singer Katy Perry performed a mash-up of "Halo" and the other Best Song nominees.[116][117] American singer Mike Posner also covered the ballad with different lyrics, and placed it on his 2009 album A Matter of Time.[118][119] According to an MTV writer, Posner's rendition is "a refreshing take on the original".[119] "Halo" is featured on the British compilation album Now! 73.[120] The song was mixed with "How to Break a Heart" by the band Westlife, on their 2010 Where We Are Tour.[121]

"Halo" has been covered by other musicians including ceo (Eric Berglund), and Harper Blynn.[122][123] Marc Hogan of Pitchfork Media has written that no cover has been "quite as inspired or as perversely logical" as the one by ceo.[122] Built essentially on bumpy beats, this version makes use of an acoustic guitar, 1980s' stylized electric guitar, strings, and horns, and ends with a rapped outro.[122] A cover of "Halo" by Major Lazer, with lead vocals by Elephant Man, was posted on the former's Twitter account the night after Knowles won Best Female Pop Vocal Performance at the 2011 Grammy Awards.[124] Simon Vozick-Levinson of Entertainment Weekly commented that their version "stays fairly close to the original, except with Elephant Man growling instead of Beyoncé belting the verses".[125]

"Halo" was blended with "Walking on Sunshine", by Katrina and the Waves, in the "Vitamin D" episode of the Fox Broadcasting Company television show Glee.[126] Released as a single, this version peaked at number four on the Irish Singles Chart,[127] number nine on the UK Singles Chart,[128] number 10 on the ARIA Singles Chart,[129] number 28 on the Canadian Hot 100 chart,[130] and number 40 on the Hot 100 chart.[131] It was certified gold by ARIA, denoting shipment of 35,000 copies.[132] The mash-up was included on the set list of the group's debut concert Glee Live! In Concert!.[133] "Halo" was included on the international soundtrack of India – A Love Story, an Emmy-winning Brazilian soap opera.[134]

Track listing

Charts and certifications

See also

Template:Wikipedia books

References

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