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* Darbar Sufi Saint Hazrat Sheikh Ali
* Darbar Sufi Saint Hazrat Sheikh Ali


[[File:Darbarsharif.jpg|thumb|right|550px|Heer Ranjha's Grave in Jhang]]
[[File:Heer Ranjha's tomb in Jhang.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Heer Ranjha's Grave in Jhang]]
[[File:Heer Ranjha's tomb in Jhang.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Heer Ranjha's Grave in Jhang]]


Revision as of 15:13, 31 January 2013

This article is about the city. For other uses, see Jhang (disambiguation).
Jhang
جھنگ
City
Muhammadi Masjid Mosque
Muhammadi Masjid Mosque
CountryPakistan
ProvincePunjab
Population
 (1998)
 • Total387,418
Time zoneUTC+5 (PST)
Postal code
35200
Calling code47

Jhang (Urdu: جهنگ, Punjabi: جھنگ), is the capital city of Jhang District, in the state of Punjab, Pakistan. It is situated on the east bank of the Chenab river, about 210 kilometres from Lahore about 70 kilometers from Faisalabad 160 Kilometers from Multan and 35 kilometres from Gojra. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan it had a population of 387,418[1]

Geography

Jhang is situated at place where two rivers Jhelum and Chenab join together to make a great looking sight. It is situated on the left banks of both rivers. Jhang is the capital city of Jhang District located at the coordinates 31.30677 N, 72.32814 E.

Climate

Climate of Jhang has extreme summer and extreme winter like most areas of Pakistan, it has four seasons. While Monsoon showers in months of June, July, August and September. Temperature usually falls below zero in extreme winter.

Demographics

According to 1981 census of Pakistan population of Jhang was 1,970,944 with the 434,495 housing units in Jhang. In 1998 census, population of Jhang was 2,834,545, whose annually growth rate was 2.16%. Male population was 1,474,099 (52.00%) and female population was 1,360,446 (48.00%). Languages mostly spoken in Jhang are Punjabi and Urdu.

Historical population of Jhang
(Source: [2])
Year19811998
Population289991189721

History

In 997 CE, Sultan Mahmud Ghaznavi, took over the Ghaznavid dynasty empire established by his father, Sultan Sebuktegin, In 1005 he conquered the Shahis in Kabul in 1005, and followed it by the conquests of northern Punjab region. The Delhi Sultanate and later Mughal Empire ruled the region. The Punjab region became predominantly Muslim due to missionary Sufi saints whose dargahs dot the landscape of Punjab region. L Jhang has a lot of movement at the time of Indian independence where a lot a people migrated to India , notable casts include Khurana , Dhussa , Mahajan who settled in northern provinces of India - rohtak , ambala , jind The area was inhabited at the time of Alexander but the present city of Jhang is said to have been founded in the twelwth century by Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari. Its first inhabitants were Nauls who were his followers or murids. It was then destroyed by the river and re-founded during the reign of Aurangzeb by Mehboob Alam - called Shah Jewna - who asked his followers to settle again in that area in 1402. Under Mughal rule, the city flourished and was notable for commerce and trade. After the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Sikh invaded and occupied Jhang. The Muslims faced severe restrictions during the Sikh rule.

Under the British Raj, the towns of Jhang and Maghiana, lying two miles apart, became a joint municipality, then known as Jhang-Maghiana.[3]

Jhang-Maghiana became a municipality in 1867[citation needed]. The income during the ten years ending 1902-3 averaged Rs.46,800 and the expenditure Rs. 44,200, in 1903-4 the income was Rs. 49,700 mainly derived from octroi. Maghiana lies on the edge of the highlands, overlooking the alluvial valley of the Chenab, while the older town of Jhang occupies the lowlands at its foot.[3]

Trimmu

Commerce declined in Jhang, which was no longer considered a place of importance. Maghiana, however, had a considerable trade in grain and country cloth, and manufactured leather, soap, locks and other brass-work.[citation needed] Maghiana also contained a civil hospital and Courts where Vakil Rajaram Kinra practised, whilst Jhang had a high school and a dispensary.[3] The population in 1901, according to the 1901 census of India, was 24,1 of whom 89 were Hindus and 11,684 were Muslims.

The predominantly Muslim population supported Muslim League and Pakistan Movement. After the independence of Pakistan in 1947, the minority Hindus and Sikhs migrated to India while the Muslim refugees from India settled in the Jhang.

Administration

Jinnah Hall Jhang

Jhang city is the administrative center of Jhang tehsil (a subdivision of the district), the tehsil itself is divided into 55 Union councils.[4]

Notable landmarks

  • Sultan Bahoo One of most prominent Sufi saints and most popular land mark in Jhang District.
  • Astana Alia Darbar Mehboob Alam (popularly known as shah jewna)
  • Darbar Sufi Saint Hazrat Sheikh Ali
Heer Ranjha's Grave in Jhang

Education

There are two University campuses catering the needs of city

Jhang contains many schools and colleges

Language

The native language is Punjabi,[5] though Urdu is also spoken in educational institutions.[6]

Culture

Jhang is the burial place of Heer and Ranjha, of Punjabi folklore. Punjabi folk dances such as Jhummar and Sammi are from this area. Jhummar is a dance for men while Sammi is danced by women. Traditionally men wear turbans and dhotis (like a kilt) though in recent years people have started wearing the national dress which is Shalwar Qameez. Historically there was a considerable weaving industry in Jhang, but this has since declined.

Punjabi folk dances such as Jhummar and Sammi originated in Jhang District. Jhummar is a dance for men while Sammi is for women. The district also originated a well-known form of folk music known as "Dhola", or "Jhang da Dhola".

Traditionally men wear turbans and dhotis (similar to a skirt or kilt) though in recent years people have started wearing the national dress, the shalwar kameez. Some older women also wear dhotis. When women wear dhotis, the style is referred to called "Majhla" in Jhangochi; th male style is called "Dhudder". However, it is more common for women to wear Shalwar Qameez.

Street sports are important in Jhang District and include tent pegging (naiza baazi), kabaddi, volleyball, cricket and football (soccer).

In the past, women wove cloth with spinning wheels – known as Teeyan and Trinjan – but now that the area is industrialized the practice is no longer common.

The northwestern Jhang District, particularly the area at the west bank of the Jhelum River, is somewhat different in its culture because it is more influenced by the Thalochi culture emanating from the neighboring districts of Mianwali and Bhakkar .

Jhang District has dominant Muslim (both Shia and Sunni) population and a small number of Ahmadiyya. There is a sizable Christian minority also. Among the majority Sunnis, the Barelvi school of thought has a major influence. Dr. Tahir-ul-Qadri is a prominent religious scholar and politician who represents this view of Islam. Maulana Haq Nawaz Jhangvi was another prominent and controversial leader from Jhang who created Anjuman-e-Spahe-e-Sohaba (A.S.S), which the United Nations has now banned[citation needed]. Jhang has been the center of the centuries-old chess match between Sunnis and Shias for more than two decades.Govrt High School Kot Issa Shah

Notable people

See also

Notes

  1. ^ 1998 census of Pakistan
  2. ^ "Demography of Jhang". Pakistan Census. Retrieved August 17, 2011.
  3. ^ a b c Jhang-Maghiana article in the "Imperial Gazetteer of India", v. 14, p. 134.
  4. ^ Tehsils & Unions in the District of Jhang - Government of Pakistan
  5. ^ "About Jhang". Mera Jhang. Retrieved 2010-10-24.
  6. ^ http://www.findpk.com/cities/Explorer-pakistan-Jhang.html
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