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The '''9/11 Truth Movement''' is a collection of groups and [[researchers questioning the official account of 9/11|conspiracy theorists ]] who disagree with the mainstream media's account of the [[September 11, 2001 attacks]]. The 9/11 Truth Movement are people who have publicly declared that they are part of the "9/11 Truth Movement; is informal, decentralized and occasionally fractious; its members convene by electronic mailing lists, ongoing local meetings, and national and international public conferences.<ref>{{cite web
The '''9/11 Truth Movement''' is a collection of groups and [[9/11 conspiracy theories|conspiracy theorists ]] who disagree with the mainstream media's account of the [[September 11, 2001 attacks]]. The 9/11 Truth Movement are people who have publicly declared that they are part of the "9/11 Truth Movement; is informal, decentralized and occasionally fractious; its members convene by electronic mailing lists, ongoing local meetings, and national and international public conferences.<ref>{{cite web
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Revision as of 12:37, 9 September 2006

Template:911tm

The 9/11 Truth Movement is a collection of groups and conspiracy theorists who disagree with the mainstream media's account of the September 11, 2001 attacks. The 9/11 Truth Movement are people who have publicly declared that they are part of the "9/11 Truth Movement; is informal, decentralized and occasionally fractious; its members convene by electronic mailing lists, ongoing local meetings, and national and international public conferences.[1] [2]

Template:Sep11

Characteristics

The 9/11 Truth Movement embraces a political diversity of members, including "left," "right," pacifists, paleoconservatives, Greens, anarchists, and libertarians. While the mainstream media has mostly ignored the 9/11 Truth Movement, alternative media on the Internet, including talk-radio hosts like Alex Jones, and publishers like Larry Flynt of Hustler magazine, have addressed the presence of the Movement and some of the unanswered questions. Some of the questions asked by activists and researchers in the 9/11 Truth Movement were also put forth by the 9/11 Family Steering Committee [13] to the 9-11 Commission in the hopes they would be responded to during the public hearings.

Within the 9/11 Truth movement, some activists are considered more radical than others. Some labelers have ascribed the acronyms "MIHOP" (Made It Happen On Purpose) and "LIHOP" (Let It Happen On Purpose) to designate two camps. Also "ECREP" (Extraordinary Claims Require Extraordinary Proof).

While some maintain that the US government was intentionally negligent, allowing blame for 9/11 to remain on Muslim hijackers, others argue that the attacks were engineered by elements within the government, and not by Arabs (in other words, the alleged Arab hijackers were, at most, patsies). These activists argue that the physical evidence of rapid falls of the three WTC skyscrapers could not have occurred as the result of aerial collisions. Researchers Jim Hoffman and Steven E. Jones, promote the concept that pre-planted explosives caused the collapses of the WTC towers, suggesting that only insiders with full knowledge of the attacks could have gained access to and wired the buildings.[14][15]

Popular books on the topic include David Ray Griffin's aforementioned The New Pearl Harbor, Crossing the Rubicon by Michael C. Ruppert, The Terror Timeline by "Paul Thompson", and The War on Truth by Nafeez Ahmed. Some of the movement's popular videos have been "The Great Deception" and "The Great Conspiracy" by Barrie Zwicker, and "Truth and Politics" and "9/11 and American Empire" by David Ray Griffin. In 2006 actor Charlie Sheen spoke out on the Alex Jones show in support of an independent investigation into the 9/11 attacks, an interview which was subsequently covered by CNN Showbiz Tonight.

History of the Movement

Origin

Alex Jones makes many predictions on his radio show, and because he happened to predict that a known terrorist would commit an act of terrorism he credits himself with predicting the US Government would orchestrate the 9/11 Attacks and blame it on Bin Laden, or some other CIA asset [3]. He claims to have made those statements six weeks before the terrorist attacks and called his alerts Operation Expose The Government Terrorists. Thus has Jones been refered to as the progenitor of the movement [4].

Almost immediately after the terrorist attacks, 9/11 conspiracy theories alleging government complicity or cover-up appeared.

The first book on the subject, 9/11 The Big Lie, was published in France in March 2002 by Thierry Meyssan, President of Voltaire Network. He emphasized anomalies in the photos of the Pentagon. His work has since been the subject of multiple critiques, which allege Meyssan's book is a form of misdirection.[16],[17], [18][19]).

Around the same time, Bin Laden: The Forbidden Truth was published in France by Jean-Charles Brisard and Guillaume Dasquie, documenting media reports in publications like the Times of India that the US government had told numerous allies it was going to invade Afghanistan several months before 9/11. Up until 2004, Germany produced the largest number of books questioning the official 9/11 narrative; three of them, by Andreas von Bülow, Gerhard Wisnewski and Mathias Bröckers, were best-sellers, as were the aforementioned French works.

In June 2002, the group Unanswered Questions held an event [20] at the Washington National Press Club. Various officials and some 9/11 family members used the event to call for a full investigation and greater transparency around the events of 9/11. At that time the Bush administration was working to oppose such an inquiry [21].

File:I1front.jpg
Deception Dollar

The first work in English was The War on Freedom [22] by Nafeez Ahmed in July 2002, emphasizing geopolitical motives, soon followed by Michel Chossudovsky's book, War and Globalization - The Truth Behind September 11th. In September 2002 Eric Hufschmid's Painful Questions was published, which promotes a controlled demolition thesis of the destruction of the WTC towers.

While these books inspired many activists of the 9/11 Truth Movement, others came to the movement via websites, e-mail and demonstrations. Indymedia websites, for example, also played a role in promoting the questioning of the mainstream media account of 9/11 early on. Canadian journalist Barrie Zwicker aired a series on Vision TV titled "The Great Deception" in January and February 2002, the first televised questioning of the common account that charged a deliberate effort to allow the attacks to happen via suppression of the normal air defense systems over New York and Washington.

In 2002, Rep. Cynthia McKinney, D-GA, became an icon of the movement when she questioned whether George Bush had foreknowledge of 9/11. In November 2003, the 911 Visibility Project held the first coordinated national activism protest for 9/11 truth activists. In March 2004, came the book The New Pearl Harbor by the academic and theologian David Ray Griffin, providing a methodical, deductive framework. In 2004, Michael C. Ruppert's Crossing the Rubicon was published, which claimed to identify key insider suspects in the 9/11 attacks and provide an examination of their context: petroleum, geopolitics, narcotraffic, intelligence and militarism. In 2005 Webster Tarpley's 9/11 Synthetic Terror: Made in USA tried to make a link between 9/11 and previously known models of false flag state-sponsored terrorism such as Gladio or the Red Brigades.

Evolution

On January 8, 2002 in San Francisco, a rally and march on Senator Dianne Feinstein's office took place to demand a Congressional Investigation of 9/11. A delegation of activists from peace and human rights organizations met with Senator Feinstein's and Senator Barbara Boxer's staffers and raised key questions about 9/11[23]. That month, President Bush and Vice President Cheney asked Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle to limit the investigations to "intelligence failures."[24]

The 911 Visibility Project distributed thousands of STOP the 9-11 COVER-UP signs at the anti-war protests of March 20, 2004, which received national press exposure and served to kick start the national 9/11 Truth Movement. Also in March of 2004, the first International Inquiry into 9/11 [25] was hosted in San Francisco, California, which brought together 9/11 researchers and activists from all over the world for presentations, dialog, and interviews.

To date, activists in the movement have distributed over 6 million "Deception Dollars" (an anti-Bush parody of the dollar bill that includes addresses of websites which claim to aim to prove that 9/11 was an inside job). David Ray Griffin's address on "9-11 and the American Empire," on April 18, 2005, which was broadcast on C-Span and widely distributed via radio, community access TV, DVD, and in print, expanded the movement considerably.

The 9/11 Truth Movement received more publicity in the fall of 2005, when BYU Physics professor Steven E. Jones announced a paper describing his hypothesis that the WTC towers had been intentionally demolished by explosives. This paper garnered a small amount of mainstream media attention, including an appearance by Jones on MSNBC. This was the first such programming on a major cable news station.

In September of 2005, the US Department of Defense responded to a Freedom Of Information Act (FOIA) request by www.911blimp.net regarding President Bush's incriminating 9/11 witness statements[26]. In denying access to records of visual information provided to the Presidential motorcade on the morning of 9/11[27], the government did acknowledge that such records do exist. This refuted the long-standing propaganda[28] within the truth movement which had, without any basis in fact, been encouraging people to disregard Bush's well-documented but totally uninvestigated statements as impossible lies.

The Fall of 2005 also saw the first publication of an interactive unified deconstruction of the false-flag official legend of 9/11[29] at the world's first College of Disinformation Recognition[30].

On May 16 2006, the Department of Defense, in response to a Freedom of Information Act request by Judicial Watch, released more video of the Pentagon attack, which brought attention to members of the 9/11 Truth Movement.[5] Groups within the 9/11 truth movement including flight77.info, and Scholars for 9/11 Truth, say they are working to get the others of the 70 or more videos[31] of the Pentagon released, even though that helps distract from recognition of the fact that a forensic analysis[32] of the government's first video frame evidence, released back in March of 2002, is sufficient to establish that whatever aircraft is barely shown is, according to the government's own evidence, too small to be a 757, and thus could not possibly have been Flight 77.

Meetings

September 9, 2004: "The 9-11 Citizens Commission"

The 9-11 Citizens Commission: The Omissions Hearings was a meeting by a group of United States citizens who were skeptical of the findings of the 9/11 Commission Report, and who purported to launch their own investigation into the events of September 11th, 2001. The meeting took place on September 9, 2004. The event was sponsored by 9/11 Citizens Watch, with support from 911Truth.org and Ny911truth.org. Kyle Hence, co-founder of 911 CitizensWatch, presented the event and Nicholas Levis, co-founder of Ny911truth.org, helped organize the event.

The event was billed as being modeled after the United States Congressional hearings which were conducted by the 9/11 Commission. A group of citizens heard testimony provided by witnesses, authors, experts and whistle blowers. The witnesses gave their testimony after having been sworn in, and were then questioned by the citizen panel. An audience and representatives from the press were also present. In the introduction, Kyle Hence noted that citizen-panelists were not sworn in at the beginning of the 9/11 Commission, and that swearing in had only started after "we made some noise about it, and the press started to ask some questions." The world premiere of Barrie Zwicker's The Great Conspiracy was performed after the end of the hearings and questions.

Citizen-panelists included Congresswoman Cynthia McKinney, local Imam and doctor Faz Khan, and father of one of the victims of the 9/11 attacks, Bob Mcilvaine.

A list of participants include:

September 11, 2004: "Confronting the Evidence"

Confronting the Evidence: 9-11 and the Search for Truth was its full name and American Free Press participated in this and the previous event, both having been sponsored by Jimmy Walter [6]

June 24, 2006: "9/11 + The Neo-Con Agenda Symposium"

The 9/11 + The Neo-Con Agenda Symposium was held June 24-25 in Los Angeles.

July 2006: "9/11: Revealing the Truth"

9/11: Revealing the Truth -- Reclaiming Our Future was held in July 2006, many members of the Scholars for 9/11 Truth met in Chicago, Illinois, for a conference on 9/11 theories, which was covered by some international media.[7][8]

Other Meetings

Response

  • NIST's created an Official "Questions and Answers". [13]

Response to response

List of those questioning

Below are a list of people that have publicly questioned in a negative sense the official account of the 9/11 Attacks. Along with their name is a description of their job and what their public statement was. The list does not reflect how central or peripheral the persons are in the movement. For example, Charlie Sheen and William Rodriguez are in the very center of the American movement that alleges that the US government orchestrated the event, while people like Curt Weldon ask for more investigations. Non-American people include Iran's president Mahmoud Ahmedinejad who have asked why domestic involvement have not been addressed, Canadian Barrie Zwicker and German Andreas von Bülow who alleged CIA orchestrated the event and Latino American Immortal Technique who has authored several songs. The movement is diverse and no person holds any specific role.

Governments and government officials

Entity Role Statement
Venezuelan government The Venezuelan government has had deep cooperation with James W. Walter and William Rodriguez, going so far as giving Rodriguez five body guards after FBI involvement in the cooperation was made clear.[18] [19] [20] Nicolas Maduro [21][22]
Iran's government "Why have the various aspects of the [9-11] attacks been kept secret?"[19]
Mahmoud Ahmedinejad Iran's President "Why have the various aspects of the [9-11] attacks been kept secret?"[19]
Mahathir bin Mohamad Malaysian former president had a 2 hour long talk with James W. Walter and William Rodriguez regarding US Government involvement in the attacks [23]
Nicolas Maduro Venezuela's top lawmaker [21]
Craig Murray He is a commentator on government foreign policy and was the United Kingdom's Ambassador to Uzbekistan, until removed from his post on 14 October 2004. While in this office he publicly criticised the human rights situation in Uzbekistan, against the wishes of the British government, an action that he alleges was the reason for his removal. He also privately criticised the UK government for committing torture by proxy, that is, sending terrorist suspects to Uzbekistan for their security services to extract intelligence of dubious value. He does not belive al-Qaeda exists [24]
Curt Weldon Regarding Able Danger: "This is so outrageous it makes me sick to the stomach". Weldon only alleges a cover-up regarding prior knowledge, and demands new investigations.[25]
Paul Lannoye Belgian European Parliament Member [19]
Michael Meacher British Environment Minister [19]
Catherine Austin Fitts Former Ass. Secretary of Housing (Bush II) [33]
Stan Goff U.S. Special Forces Master Sergeant (Ret.) [34]
Curt Weldon U.S. Congressman (R-PA) [35]
Mark Dayton U.S. Senator (D-Minn.) [36]
Louis Freeh Former FBI Director (under Bush II) [37]
Donald Buswell Upon returning to his office the next day, Buswell discovered the locks had been changed, his security clearance was revoked, and an investigation had been launched for sending what was termed as messages disloyal to the United States. "...if you weigh all options, do some simple studying you will see 911 was clearly not executed by some arabs in caves with cell phones and 3 day old newspapers! ... So, who benefited from 9-11? The answer is sad, but simple; The Military Industrial Complex." [26]
Russ Wittenberg Former Air Force and Commercial Airline Pilot [38]
David Shayler Former British MI5 Agent [39] [40]
Anatoli Kornukov Russian Air Force Chief [41]
Donn de Grand U.S. Army Colonel (Ret.) [42]
Karl Schwarz (politician) former Republican Party [43]
Stanley Hilton attorney, political scientist, and former chief of staff for Bob Dole [44]
Raymond McGovern retired CIA and Clandestine service operations officer, CIA chief for Middle East, contact with Henry Kissinger, Ronald Reagan, George Herbert Walker Bush (Iran-Contra, VIPS, S9/11T)
Morgan Reynolds Ph.D, professor emeritus at Texas A&M University, former director of the Criminal Justice Center at the National Center for Policy Analysis headquarters, former chief economist for the United States Department of Labor during the George W. Bush administration "The Bush administration blew the World Trade Center to kingdom come"[27]
Andreas von Bülow German state-secretary of the Federal Ministry of Defence, Minister for Research and Technology, SPD member of the German parliament, author (Die CIA und der 11. September)
Wayne Madsen former communications security analyst with the National Security Agency, former intelligence officer in the US Navy, testified numerous times to US Congress, now a investigative journalist, author, and syndicated columnist.
Robert M. Bowman former Director of Advanced Space Programs Development for the U.S. Air Force in the Ford and Carter administrations, former United States Air Force Lieutenant Colonel, Christian denomination founder, politician and author.
Michael Ruppert former Los Angeles Police Department investigator, now author and activist From The Wilderness, Crossing the Rubicon
Sibel Edmonds Turkish-American former FBI translator and activist National Security Whistleblowers Coalition
Cynthia McKinney American current Congresswoman, activist The World Can't Wait
Paul Craig Roberts " We know that it is strictly impossible for any building, much less steel columned buildings, to “pancake” at free fall speed. Therefore, it is a non-controversial fact that the official explanation of the collapse of the WTC buildings is false." [28]
Mark Duryee Retired Photographer’s Mate 2nd Class [45]
Mary Maxwell Republican candidate for congressional seat. Said 2006-08-23 that that the U.S. government was complicit in the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks.[29]
25 veteran former agents, analysts and other experts involved in

national security

[46]

Scholars

Entity Role Statement
Charles N. Pegelow Structural Engineer[30] [31]
David Gabbard [32]
Daniel Orr [32]
Judy Wood [32]
Kevin Barrett "i do know, i do not believe, i know 9/11 was an inside job"[27], Scholars for 9/11 Truth
Alexander Dewdney Canadian mathematician, computer scientist, and philosopher
John McMurtry Royal Society of Canada,

Professor of moral philosophy and ethicist, also active in the peace movement

Kevin Ryan former Site Manager from Underwriters Laboratories Scholars for 9/11 Truth
Michel Chossudovsky Canadian professor

economics [47]

David Ray Griffin professor emeritus of

philosophy, religion and theology.

Scholars for 9/11 Truth
James H. Fetzer philosophy professor Scholars for 9/11 Truth
Steven E. Jones physics professor Scholars for 9/11 Truth
John McMurtry FRSC, moral philosopher, ethicist, and author.
William Woodward professor of psychology at the University of New Hampshire He believes an "elite" group within the federal government orchestrated the September 11th attacks on America [33].
James Petras Professor Emeritus of Sociology at Binghamton University "The idea that radical Islamists carried out the attacks of September 11 is a "conspiracy theory"; it is more likely that the attacks were the work of a secular group. There is evidence that prior to September 11, Washington had planned to overthrow the Taliban, and it is plausible that Washington used the attacks as a pretext for going to war in Afghanistan." [34]

Survivor of the attack

Entity Role Statement
William Rodriguez 9/11 awarded hero 9/11 Truth Movement activist. [18]

Family members of the victims

Entity Role Statement
Barry Zelman activist The Citizens' Commission on 9-11
Bob Mcilvaine activist, lost son Bobby, The Citizens' Commission on 9-11 "Im so pissed off at the American people, I'm so pissed off at this Government, because there is a cover-up" [35] "Today, there are no ifs or buts in my mind that this was an inside job. The US government orchestrated it with the help of MI6 and Pakistan and Mossad. What they are telling us is bullshit. The hijackers were patsies and Osama bin Laden was set up"[36]
Kristin Breitweiser lawyer, politician, activist Jersey Girls
Patty Casazza activist, lost husband John, Jersey Girls "Our families didn't want us to ask all these questions, painful, you know, we should just be breathing and healing. Well, part of our healing for us is finding out exactly what happened [35].
Lorie Van Auken activist,lost her husband Kenneth ,Jersey Girls "We do not know the whole story, about what happened on September 11, at all." in the trailer to the film "9/11: Press for Truth" [35]
Mindy Kleinberg activist, lost husband Allen [35]. Jersey Girls
Marilyn Rosenthal [37]
Ellen Mariani [48]

Journalists

Entity Role Statement
Peter Lance Investigative journalism, screenwriter and novelistMiami Vice
Paul Joseph Watson authour, webmaster and journalist (prisonplanet.com, infowars.com)
Alex Jones American investigative journalist, documentary film producer, radio host and television host 9-11: The Road to Tyranny
Steve Watson [49]

Film producers and actors

Entity Role Statement
James W. Walter American venture capitalist, political activist and film producer
Dustin Mugford [50] [18]
John Albanese Everybody's Gotta Learn Sometime[38] "I have come to the conclusion, after reading this book, and reviewing USA foreign policy in Guatemala, and Iran, and Indonesia, and Vietnam, and Cuba, and Chile, and on and on and on, that advanced degrees in physics and structural engineering is not necessary to read the obvious writings on the wall. ..All evidence points at 9/11 as a false flag operation. And all evidence appears to point at the controlled demolition of 3 buildings in the WTC complex"[39]


Dean Haglund Canadian actor
Charlie Sheen American Hollywood actor — (Wall Street (film), Platoon (film))
Ken Jenkins (actor) American actor [51]
Ed Asner American actor and author
Ed Begley, Jr. [40]

Media personalities

Entity Role Statement
Jeff Rense Radio host
A.J. Hammer entertainment anchor — (Showbiz Tonight)
Jim Marrs news reporter, college teacher, author of books and articles [41][42]
Ralph Schoenman political activist, radio host [52]
Barrie Zwicker Canadian television journalist, documentary producer, and political activist
Scott Kitching [53] [54]
Alex Ansary cable TV host — (Outside the Box)

Authors

Entity Role Statement
Erica Jong American author and educator
Barry Chamish Canadian-Israeli author
Webster G. Tarpley author
Jim Hoffman software engineer and authour 911-Research, wtc7.net
Don Paul American peace movement activist, writer, musician, and poet
David Icke former professional football player, reporter, television sports anchor, and British Green Party national spokesperson, now a full-time investigator
Richard Heinberg American journalist, educator, author, teacher, musician and book designer [55]
Howard Zinn Author, historian and political scientist
Paul Thompson Author and researcher The Terror Timeline
Nafeez Mosaddeq Ahmed English author [56]

People who have run for office

Activist Activists

Groups

Media Coverage

See also

References

  1. ^ Feuer, Alan (2006). "500 Conspiracy Buffs Meet to Seek the Truth of 9/11". nytimes.com - Education. The New York Times Company. Retrieved 2006-06-09. "In the ballroom foyer of the Embassy Suites Hotel, the two-day International Education and Strategy Conference for 9/11 Truth was off to a rollicking start."
  2. ^ Gatehouse, Jonathon (2006). "Hijacking the truth on 9/11". MacLeans.ca - Education. Rogers Media Inc. Retrieved 2006-06-02. "Once found only on fringe websites and in Arab marketplaces, conspiracy theories about that day are popping up among serious academics."
  3. ^ http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-1222445722544874066
  4. ^ http://www.americanscholarssymposium.org/
  5. ^ Arthur, Bill (2006-05-16). "Pentagon Video Shows Flames, Smoke After 9/11 Attack (Update1)". News and Commentary, Regions, US. Bloomberg L.P. Retrieved 2006-06-09.
  6. ^ http://www.americanfreepress.net/html/9-11_mysteries.html
  7. ^ a b Canada National Post: A theory that just won't die
  8. ^ 9/11:Revealing the Truth, Reclaiming Our Future. Chicago, June 2-4, 2006
  9. ^ pdf!
  10. ^ http://wtc.nist.gov/
  11. ^ http://www.implosionworld.com/WTC%20COLLAPSE%20STUDY%20BBlanchard%208-8-06.pdf
  12. ^ http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/09/01/news/conspiracy.php
  13. ^ http://wtc.nist.gov/pubs/factsheets/faqs_8_2006.htm
  14. ^ [1]
  15. ^ http://911research.wtc7.net/reviews/nist/WTC_FAQ_reply.html
  16. ^ http://www.scholarsfor911truth.org/WhyNISTFactSheetWontDo.html
  17. ^ http://www.scholarsfor911truth.org/NISTandThe%20FootOfGod.html
  18. ^ a b c http://www.prisonplanet.com/articles/march2006/310306launchinvestigation.htm
  19. ^ a b c d e [2]
  20. ^ William Rodriguez on Google video [3]
  21. ^ a b [4] [5]
  22. ^ Audio
  23. ^ Bernama [6] pictures
  24. ^ http://www.prisonplanet.tv/audio/210806murray.mp3
  25. ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GPWF8JW7jJw&mode=related&search=
  26. ^ http://prisonplanet.com/articles/August2006/220806_b_Disloyal.htm
  27. ^ a b [7]
  28. ^ [8] [9]
  29. ^ http://www.nashuatelegraph.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060824/NEWS01/108240131/-1/business
  30. ^ http://www.911blogger.com/node/2257
  31. ^ audio
  32. ^ a b c http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=2279929&page=2
  33. ^ http://www.unionleader.com/article.aspx?headline=Professor%27s%209%2f11%20theories%20outrage%20NH%20leaders&articleId=0a013444-f391-4eaf-ae95-24cab674130b
  34. ^ http://www.rebelion.org/petras/english/conspiracy170102.htm
  35. ^ a b c d Trailer for "9/11: Press for Truth" on YouTube
  36. ^ a b http://news.independent.co.uk/world/americas/article1311190.ece
  37. ^ http://www.911citizenswatch.org/print.php?sid=634
  38. ^ http://cialien.gnn.tv/blogs/15273/Everybody_s_Gotta_Learn_Sometime
  39. ^ http://oldamericancentury.com/albanese_010.htm
  40. ^ https://secure.reopen911.org/freedvd.php
  41. ^ [10]
  42. ^ [11]
  43. ^ http://www.amny.com/news/local/groundzero/am-loos0901,0,4383055.story?coll=am-topheadlines
  44. ^ http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/09/03/INGR0KRCBA1.DTL
  45. ^ Cite error: The named reference reuters was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  46. ^ [12]
  47. ^ http://education.guardian.co.uk/higher/worldwide/story/0,,1864657,00.html
  48. ^ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/news/news.html?in_article_id=403757&in_page_id=1770