October 1953
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The following events occurred in October 1953:
October 1, 1953 (Thursday)
- The Andhra State Act is passed in India, creating Andhra State from Telugu-speaking areas of the state of Madras. Sir Chandulal Madhavlal Trivedi is appointed governor of the new state.[1]
- The United States and South Korea sign a mutual defense treaty in Washington, D.C.[2]
- Born: Grete Waitz, Norwegian marathon runner, in Oslo, as Grete Andersen (died 2011)[3]
October 2, 1953 (Friday)
- Died: John Marin, 82, US modernist artist[4]
October 3, 1953 (Saturday)
- The 1953 Ryder Cup golf tournament, held at Wentworth Club in Virginia Water, Surrey, UK, ends in a sixth consecutive victory for the United States.[5]
- Born: Karen Bass, American politician, Mayor of Los Angeles, in Los Angeles[6]
- Died:
- Sir Arnold Bax, 69, English composer and writer, Master of the Queen's Music, of heart failure[7]
- Rosario Candela, Italian-American architect (b. 1890)[8]
October 4, 1953 (Sunday)
- Born:
- Tchéky Karyo, French actor and musician, in Istanbul, Turkey, under the name Baruch Djaki Karyo[9]
- Andreas Vollenweider, Swiss harpist, in Zürich[10]
October 5, 1953 (Monday)
- Earl Warren is appointed Chief Justice of the United States by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower.[11]
- Wilhelm Furtwängler makes a public protest, jointly with the soloists in the Vienna State Opera's production of Don Giovanni against the suspension of Egon Hilbert as director of the State Opera.
- The first meeting of Narcotics Anonymous is held (the first planning session was held August 17).
October 6, 1953 (Tuesday)
- UNICEF, the United Nations Children's Fund, is made a permanent specialized agency of the United Nations.
- The UK government sends troops to deal with unrest in the colony of British Guiana; Communists are blamed.[12]
- Died: Vera Mukhina, 64, Soviet sculptor and painter, of angina[13]
October 7, 1953 (Wednesday)
- Died Emil Filla, 71, Moravian avant-garde painter, Buchenwald survivor[14]
October 8, 1953 (Thursday)
- Died: Kathleen Ferrier, 41, English contralto singer, of breast cancer[15]
October 9, 1953 (Friday)
- West German federal election: Konrad Adenauer is re-elected as Chancellor of Germany.
- The British Guiana constitution is suspended.
- In a papal address, Pope Pius XII delivers "The Technician", a document instructing scientists to restrict themselves to the study of physical matter and do nothing to undermine the idea of a non-material soul or a Superior Being.[16]
- Born: Tony Shalhoub, American actor, in Green Bay, Wisconsin[17]
October 10, 1953 (Saturday)
- British pilot Monty Burton wins the 1953 London to Christchurch air race (held to celebrate the centenary of the city of Christchurch, New Zealand) in under 23 hours flying time.[18]
- In the final of the 1953 Soviet Cup football tournament, FC Dynamo Moscow defeat Zenit Kuibyshev.[19]
- The Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United States and the Republic of Korea is concluded in Washington, D.C.
- Born: Midge Ure, Scottish singer-songwriter, in Cambuslang, as James Ure[20]
October 11, 1953 (Sunday)
- Died: Pauline Robinson Bush, 3, daughter of future US President George H. W. Bush and his wife Barbara, from leukemia.[21]
October 12, 1953 (Monday)
- In the Norwegian parliamentary election, the Labour Party wins 77 of the 150 seats in the Storting.[22]
- Primate of Poland Stefan Wyszyński, imprisoned by the Communist government, is relocated from Rywałd to Stoczek Klasztorny.
- Three ministers from the Malta Workers Party resign from Giorgio Borġ Olivier's coalition government following a defeat in the Legislative Assembly on a budget motion. This leads to the dissolution of Parliament and a general election.[23]
- The 29th FA Charity Shield football match is played at Highbury Stadium, London, UK, and is won by Arsenal F.C. over Blackpool F.C..[24]
- The British cargo ship Beckenham runs aground and breaks in two in the Kara Sea, Soviet Union.[25] The crew members are rescued by a Soviet ship.[26]
October 13, 1953 (Tuesday)
- Herman Wouk's play The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial, adapted from his own novel, is premièred at the Granada Theatre in Santa Barbara, California, United States.[27]
October 14, 1953 (Wednesday)
- 1953 Sabena Convair CV-240 crash: A Convair CV-240 operated by Sabena crashes shortly after take-off from Frankfurt International Airport in West Germany, on a flight to Brussels, Belgium; all 44 people on board are killed.[28]
- A municipal election is held in the Canadian city of Edmonton to elect six aldermen.[29]</ref>
October 15, 1953 (Thursday)
- Born: Larry Miller, American comedian
October 16, 1953 (Friday)
- Cuban revolutionary and future leader Fidel Castro delivers one of his most famous speeches, "History Will Absolve Me", and is sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment by the existing government for leading an attack on the Moncada Barracks.[30]
October 17, 1953 (Saturday)
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October 18, 1953 (Sunday)
- Peter Brook's live television production of Shakespeare's King Lear, starring Orson Welles as Lear, is broadcast in the United States as part of the CBS television series Omnibus, hosted by Alistair Cooke.[31]
- Born: Georgi Raykov, Bulgarian Olympic wrestler, in Sofia[32]
October 19, 1953 (Monday)
- During a domestic flight from Aeropuerto del Norte outside Monterrey to the Nueva Ciudad Guerrero airstrip, carrying guests to the inauguration of the Falcon Dam, a Pemex Douglas DC-3 crashes into a ravine near Mamulique, Mexico, killing all 15 people on board.[33]
- The La Rosa Incident: Arthur Godfrey, one of America's top media personalities, fires singer Julius La Rosa on the air, an event that draws considerable attention, causes some shock and results in significant criticism of Godfrey. The incident quickly alters public perception of Godfrey, materially damaging his career.[34][35][36][37]
- The Miss World 1953 competition is held in London, UK, and is won by Denise Perrier, Miss France.[38]
October 20, 1953 (Tuesday)
- German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer's second cabinet is sworn in.[39]
October 21, 1953 (Wednesday)
- British actor Sir John Gielgud is fined for "persistently importuning male persons for an immoral purpose" (cottaging) in Chelsea, London.[40]
October 22, 1953 (Thursday)
- Under the Treaty of Amity and Association, France recognises the independence of the Kingdom of Laos.[41]
- In the Northern Ireland general election, the Ulster Unionist Party wins a large majority. Basil Brooke continues as Prime Minister.[42]
- The Japanese tanker Eiho Maru runs aground three times within 24 hours, in the River Mersey, United Kingdom.[43]
October 23, 1953 (Friday)
- Alto Broadcasting System in the Philippines makes the first television broadcast in southeast Asia through DZAQ-TV. Alto Broadcasting System (ABS) is the predecessor of what would later become ABS-CBN Corporation after being bought by the Chronicle Broadcasting Network (CBN) in 1957.
- The RFA Eddyreef coastal tanker enters service with the UK's Royal Fleet Auxiliary.[44]
October 24, 1953 (Saturday)
- In the 1953 Scottish League Cup Final, held in Glasgow, East Fife F.C. defeat Partick Thistle F.C. 3–2[45]
October 25, 1953 (Sunday)
- The US-registered fishing vessel Sea Gram is destroyed by fire at Saltery Bay in the Tenakee Inlet in Southeast Alaska.[46]
October 26, 1953 (Monday)
- Passenger service ends on the Pacific Electric Santa Monica Air Line in the United States.[47]
October 27, 1953 (Tuesday)
- The life-boat Robert Lindsay, based in Arbroath, Scotland, capsizes after being hit by a huge wave and flung onto rocks at Inchcape Park. Six crew members are killed.[48]
- Egon Hilbert resigns from his position as director of the Vienna State Opera.[49]
October 28, 1953 (Wednesday)
- U.S. sports commentator Red Barber leaves the Brooklyn Dodgers baseball team to join the New York Yankees.[50]
October 29, 1953 (Thursday)
- U.S. Air Force pilot Frank K. "Speedy Pete" Everest sets a new world speed record of 755.149 mph (1,216.021 km/hr) in a North American YF-100A Super Sabre, while stationed at Edwards Air Force Base, California.[51]
- BCPA Flight 304, operated by British Commonwealth Pacific Airlines, crashes while on initial approach to San Francisco International Airport in San Mateo County, California, United States, killing all 19 people on board. [52]
- Died: William Kapell, 31, US pianist, a passenger in the fatal crash of BCPA Flight 304[53]
October 30, 1953 (Friday)
- Cold War: U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally approves a top-secret document of the United States National Security Council, NSC 162/2, which states that the United States' arsenal of nuclear weapons must be maintained and expanded to counter the Communist threat (→ New Look).[54]
- Died: Alice Eastwood, 94, Canadian botanist[55]
October 31, 1953 (Saturday)
- In the 1953 Kahibah state by-election in the Australian state of New South Wales, brought about by the forced resignation of Labor MLA Joshua Arthur,[56] independent candidate Tom Armstrong wins the seat.[57]
- In the 1953 Waverley state by-election in the Australian state of New South Wales, brought about by the death of Labor MLA Clarrie Martin, William Ferguson retains the seat for Labor.[58]
References
- ^ The Statesman's Year-Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1956. Palgrave Macmillan UK. 2016. p. 170. ISBN 9780230270855.
- ^ "Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United States and the Republic of Korea; October 1, 1953". The Avalon Project. Lillian Goldman Law Library. Retrieved 27 July 2016.
- ^ Robbins, Liz; Weber, Bruce (2011-04-19). "Grete Waitz, Marathon Champion, Dies at 57". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-01-01.
- ^ Gallery, University of Rochester Memorial Art (2006). Seeing America: Painting and Sculpture from the Collection of the Memorial Art Gallery of the University of Rochester. University Rochester Press. p. 217. ISBN 978-1-58046-246-4.
- ^ "Americans in Ryder Cup win". Eugene Register-Guard. Associated Press. October 4, 1953. p. 2D.
- ^ https://bioguideretro.congress.gov/Home/MemberDetails?memIndex=B001270
- ^ Fry, Helen (2008). Music and Men, the Life and Loves of Harriet Cohen. Stroud: The History Press. p. 284. ISBN 978-0-7509-4817-3.
- ^ https://www.newspapers.com/image/711130032/?article=a55a2182-d5a1-4a3e-8e51-db767936635e
- ^ "Tcheky Karyo Biography". www.premiere.fr. Retrieved 19 October 2022.
- ^ "Andreas Vollenweider Biography, Songs, & Albums". AllMusic. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
- ^ Cray, Ed (1997). Chief Justice: A Biography of Earl Warren. pp. 289–290. ISBN 978-0-684-80852-9.
- ^ "Britain sends troops to Guiana". On This Day. BBC. 6 October 1953. Retrieved 10 January 2008.
- ^ "Vera Mukhina e sua obra-prima realista, socialista e feminista - Portal Vermelho" [Vera Mukhina And Her Realistic, Socialist And Feminist Masterpiece]. www.vermelho.org.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2019-10-24.
- ^ "Emil Filla". Buchenwald Memorial. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
- ^ "Biography of Kathleen Ferrier". Kathleen Ferrier Society. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
- ^ The Pope Speaks. Our Sunday Visitor, Incorporated. 1980. p. 291.
- ^ https://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/2021/10/todays-famous-birthdays-list-for-october-9-2021-includes-celebrities-tony-shalhoub-sharon-osbourne.html?outputType=amp
- ^ "The Centenary Air Race, London To Christchurch" (PDF). The Airpost Journal. November 1953. p. 44.
- ^ "1953 Soviet football season". RSSSF. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
- ^ The Virgin Encyclopedia of 70s Music. Virgin. 2002. p. 405. ISBN 9781852279479.
- ^ Hendrix, Steve (April 18, 2018). "'One last time': Barbara Bush had already faced a death more painful than her own". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 19, 2018.
- ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p1438 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
- ^ Keesing's Contemporary Archives, p13475
- ^ Woodcock, John (13 October 1953). "Arsenal's splendid victory". The Manchester Guardian. p. 8.
- ^ "British Steamer Breaks in Two". The Times. No. 52751. London. 13 October 1953. col A, p. 7.
- ^ "Crew of British Ship at Archangel". The Times. No. 52755. London. 17 October 1953. col C, p. 5.
- ^ The New York Times Theater Reviews, 1920-1970, volume 6. New York Times. 1971. p. 44.
- ^ "Accident description". aviation-safety.net. 1996. Retrieved 17 July 2020.
- ^ "Election History". City of Edmonton: Elections and Census Office. Retrieved January 2, 2022.
- ^ Skierka, Volker (2004). Fidel Castro: A Biography. Polity Press. p. 36. ISBN 0-7456-3006-5.
- ^ Crosby, John (22 October 1953). "Orson Welles as King Lear on TV is Impressive". New York Herald Tribune. Retrieved 7 January 2018 – via wellesnet.com.
- ^ "Georgi Raykov". Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 8 November 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
- ^ Aviation Safety Network: Accident Description
- ^ Hanson, Andrew (June 30, 2010). "Julius La Rosa". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ^ Garrett, Tom (August 10, 2011). "Awkward Moments in Entertainment History: Arthur Godfrey Fires Julius La Rosa". The Axis of Ego. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ^ Slewinski, Christy (October 19, 2012). "This Day in TV History: 1953 - Arthur Godfrey Fires Julius La Rosa". TV Worth Watching. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
- ^ Shulman, Arthur; Youman, Roger (1966). How Sweet It Was (PDF). Bonanza Books, a division of Crown Publishers, Inc., by arrangement with Shorecrest, Inc. p. 57. ISBN 0517081350. OCLC 36258864. Retrieved October 20, 2020.
La Rosa, whose on-the-air firing (for 'lack of humility') caused a major sensation in television [photograph caption]
- ^ (in French) Denise Perrier : la Miss Monde 1953 de retour sur ses terres natales, Bugeycotiere.fr, 20 September 2019
- ^ G. E. Edwards (1998). German Political Parties: A Documentary Guide. University of Wales Press. p. 239. ISBN 9780708314173.
- ^ "Fine For "Persistently Importuning"". The Times. No. 52759. London. 22 October 1953. p. 5.
- ^ Martin Stuart-Fox (2008). Historical Dictionary of Laos. Scarecrow Press. p. 111. ISBN 9780810864115.
- ^ Northern Ireland Parliamentary Election Results at the Wayback Machine (archived 16 November 2017)
- ^ "News in Brief". The Times. No. 52760. London. 23 October 1953. col G, p. 4.
- ^ "RFA Eddyreef". www.historicalrfa.org. Retrieved 2009-11-16.
- ^ Christie's Classic Counter Captures Cup, The Evening Times, 24 October 1953, via Partick Thistle History Archive
- ^ alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (S)
- ^ "Pacific Electric Santa Monica Air Line". erha.org. Retrieved September 7, 2020.
- ^ "Lifeboat disaster anniversary". Arbroath Herald. Retrieved 17 September 2013.
- ^ "Musical Jottings". Musical Courier: 25. 1953.
- ^ "Red Barber made New York Switch". Baseball Hall. Retrieved January 5, 2022.
- ^ Angelucci, Enzo, The American Fighter: The Definitive Guide to American Fighter Aircraft From 1917 to the Present, New York: Orion Books, 1987, ISBN 0-517-56588-9, p. 352.
- ^ Aviation Safety Network: Accident Description
- ^ "Kapell: Truly American Craftsman Of Music". The Sydney Morning Herald. October 31, 1953. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
- ^ Isenberg, Michael T., Shield of the Republic: The United States Navy in an Era of Cold War and Violent Peace, Volume I: 1945-1962, New York: St. Martin's Press, ISBN 0-312-09911-8, p. 592.
- ^ Richard A Harmond; Lorne F Hammond (1997). Biographical Dictionary of American and Canadian Naturalists and Environmentalists. Greenwood Press. p. 235. ISBN 9780313230479.
- ^ "Mr Joshua George Arthur (1906-1974)". Former members of the Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 30 April 2019.
- ^ Green, Antony. "1953 Kahibah by-election". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 24 September 2019.
- ^ Green, Antony. "1953 Waverley by-election". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 2021-03-22.