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List of tools for static code analysis

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This is a list of notable tools for static program analysis (program analysis is a synonym for code analysis).

Static code analysis tools

Tool Latest release Free software Supported languages Notes
Ada C / C++ / C# / Objective‑C JVM JavaScript / TypeScript .NET / VB.NET Python Other languages
AdaControl 2021-09-21 (1.22r15) Yes; GPLv2 Ada — — — — — — A tool to control occurrences of various entities or programming patterns in Ada code, used for checking coding standards, enforcement of safety related rules, and support for various manual inspections. Features automatic fixing of violations.
Apache Yetus 2020-12-17 (0.13.0) Yes; ASL 2 — C, C++ Java — — Python Perl, Ruby, Shell, XML A collection of build and release tools. Included is the 'precommit' module that is used to execute full and partial/patch CI builds that provides static analysis of code via other tools as part of a configurable report. Built-in support may be extended with plug-ins.
AMELIO Logic Discovery (2023-12)

2.4.1

No; proprietary - - - - - - COBOL, PL/I, Delta ADS, SQL Helps to understand the existing COBOL and PL/I applications and thus reduces the costs for re-implementation of the existing functions and for the modernization of the applications.
Astrée 2021-10 (21.10) No; proprietary — C — — — — — Finds all potential runtime errors and data races by abstract interpretation, can prove their absence, and can prove functional assertions; tailored towards safety-critical C code (e.g. avionics and automotive). Includes MISRA checker.
Axivion Bauhaus Suite No; proprietary Ada C, C++, C# Java — — — — A static code analysis tool suite that performs various analyses such as architecture checking, interface analyses, MISRA checking, and clone detection.
BLAST (retired) 2015-10-30 (2.7.3) Yes; ASL 2 — C — — — — — An open-source software model checker for C programs based on lazy abstraction (follow-on project is CPAchecker.[1]).
Clang 2024-10-30 (19.1.3) Yes; ASL 2 with LLVM Exceptions — C, C++, Objective‑C — — — — — An open-source compiler that includes a static analyzer. As of version 3.2, this analyzer is included in Xcode.[2][3]
Coccinelle 2021-09-06 (1.1.1) Yes; GPLv2 — C — — — — — An open-source source code pattern matching and transformation.
Code Dx No; proprietary — C, C++, C# Java, JSP, Scala JavaScript VB.NET Python PHP, Rails, Ruby, XML[4] Software application vulnerability correlation and management system that uses multiple SAST and DAST tools, as well as the results of manual code reviews. Can calculate cyclomatic complexity.
CodePeer 2021-05-07 (21) No; proprietary Ada — — — — — — An advanced static analysis tool that detects potential run-time logic errors in Ada programs.
CodeRush 2021-05-04 (20.2.11) No; proprietary — C# — JavaScript VB.NET — ASP, HTML, XML, XAML A plugin for Visual Studio which alerts users to violations of best practices.
CodeScene 2023-10-13

(6.3.5)

No; proprietary — C, C++, C#, Objective‑C Java, Groovy, Scala JavaScript, TypeScript VB.NET Python Swift, Go, PHP, Ruby Behavioral analysis of code. Helps identify, prioritize, and manage technical debt. Measures organizational aspects of developer teams. Automated pull request integrations.
CodeQL 2023-02-07 (CLI: 2.12.2) No; proprietary — C, C++, C# Java, Kotlin JavaScript, TypeScript .NET Python Go, Ruby A code searching tool with an emphasis on finding software bugs. Search patterns are written in a query language which can search the AST and graphs (CFG, DFG, etc.) of supported languages. A plugin is available for Visual Studio.
ConQAT (retired) 2015-02-01 Yes; ASL 2 Ada C#, C++ Java JavaScript — — ABAP Continuous quality assessment toolkit that allows flexible configuration of quality analyses (architecture conformance, clone detection, quality metrics, etc.) and dashboards.
Coverity 2023-04-29 (2022.12)[5] No; proprietary — C, C++, C#, Objective‑C Java JavaScript, TypeScript — Python Ruby, PHP Multi-language tool for security and quality issues. Supports compliance standards (MISRA, ISO 26262 and others). Free to use for open-source projects.
ECLAIR 2021-07-15 (3.11)[6] No; proprietary — C, C++ — — — — — Multi-language tool for software verification. Applications range from coding rule validation, to automatic generation of testcases, to the proof of absence of run-time errors or generation of counterexamples, and to the specification of code matchers and rewriters based both syntactic and semantic conditions. Supports compliance standards (MISRA, Embedded C Coding Standard and others).
CPAchecker 2022-01-24 (2.1.1) Yes; ASL 2 — C — — — — — A configurable software verification tool for execution path checking of C.
Cppcheck 2023-09-10 (2.12) Yes; GPLv3 — C, C++ — — — — — Open-source tool that checks for several types of errors, including use of STL. MISRA support is being added.
Cppdepend 2023-03-01 (2023.1)[7] No; proprietary — C, C++ — — — — — Simplifies managing a complex C/C++ code base by analyzing and visualizing code dependencies, by defining design rules, by doing impact analysis, and comparing different versions of the code.
Cpplint 2020-07-29 Yes; CC-BY-3.0[8] — C++ — — — — — An open-source tool that checks for compliance with Google's style guide for C++ coding.
Fluctuat 2001 No; proprietary Ada95 C — — — — — Abstract interpreter for the validation of numerical properties of programs.
Frama-C 2022-06-21 Yes; LGPL v2.1, BSD, QPL — C — — — — — An open-source extensible analysis framework for C with several analyzers and a specification language common to all of them. Includes analyses based on abstract interpretation, deductive verification and runtime monitoring.
GrammaTech CodeSonar 2020-06-01 (5.3) No; proprietary — C, C++, Objective‑C Java — — — — Defect detection (buffer overruns, memory leaks, etc.), concurrency and security checks, architecture visualization and software metrics.
GCC 2023-4-26 (13.1) Yes; GPLv3+ with GCC Runtime Library Exception — C — — — — — Compiling with -fanalyzer flag (available from GCC 10) enables the static analyzer functionality[9]
HCL Security AppScan Source 2020-12-01 (10.0.3) No; proprietary — C, C++ Java, JSP JavaScript .NET Python ColdFusion, ASP, PHP, Perl, Visual Basic 6, PL/SQL, T-SQL, COBOL Analyzes source code to identify security vulnerabilities while integrating security testing with software development processes and systems.
Helix QAC 2023-04 (2023.1) No; proprietary — C, C++ — — — — — Formerly PRQA QA·C and QA·C++, deep static analysis of C/C++ for quality assurance and guideline/coding standard enforcement with MISRA support.
Infer Static Analyzer 2024-06-21 (1.2.0) Yes; MIT — C, C++, Objective‑C Java — — — — Targets null pointer problems, leaks, concurrency issues and API usage for Facebook's mobile apps. Available as open source on GitHub. Sometimes referred as Facebook Infer.
Imagix 4D 2020-10-01 (10.1.0) No; proprietary — C, C++ Java — — — — Windows and Linux versions.
Kiuwan 2020-07-22 No; proprietary — C, C++, C#, Objective‑C Java, JSP JavaScript VB.NET — ABAP, COBOL, PHP, PL/SQL, T-SQL, SQL, Visual Basic, Android Software Analytics end-to-end platform for static code analysis and automated code review. It covers defect detection, application security & IT Risk Management, with enhanced life cycle and application governance features. Support for over 20 languages.
Klocwork 2023-04-04 (2023.1) No; proprietary — C, C++, C# Java JavaScript — Python Kotlin Provides security vulnerability, standards compliance (MISRA, ISO 26262 and others), defect detection and build-over-build trend analysis
LDRA Testbed 2021-05-07 (v9.8.6) No; proprietary Ada83, Ada95 C, C++ — — — — Assembler (Intel, Freescale, Texas Instruments) A software analysis and testing tool suite, that performs static analysis, standards enforcement (eg. MISRA C/C++), dynamic analysis, unit testing and requirements traceability.
Lint 1978-07-26 Yes; permissive BSD-like[10] — C — — — — — The original, from 1978, static code analyzer for C.
MALPAS No; proprietary Ada C — — — — Pascal, Assembler (Intel, PowerPC and Motorola) A software static analysis toolset for a variety of languages. Used primarily for safety critical applications in Nuclear and Aerospace industries.
Moose 2021-01-21 (7.0.3) Yes; MIT — C, C++ Java — .NET — Smalltalk Moose started as a software analysis platform with many tools to manipulate, assess or visualize software. It can evolve to a more generic data analysis platform.
NDepend 2022-03-16 (2022.1)[11] No; proprietary — — — — C# VB.NET .NET — — Simplifies managing a complex .NET code base by analyzing and visualizing code dependencies, by defining design rules, by doing impact analysis, and by comparing different versions. Integrates into Visual Studio.
.NET Compiler Platform (Roslyn) 2020-12-08 (3.8.0) Yes; MIT — C# — — VB.NET — — Open-source compiler framework for C# and Visual Basic .NET developed by Microsoft .NET. Provides an API for analyzing and manipulating syntax. FxCop rules were implemented into Roslyn.
Parasoft C/C++test 2020-11-12 (2020.2) No; proprietary — C, C++ — — — — — A C/C++ tool that does static analysis, unit testing, code review, and runtime error detection; plugins available for Visual Studio and Eclipse-based IDEs.
PC-lint Plus 2022-08-02 (2.0 Beta 2) No; proprietary — C, C++ — — — — — A static analysis tool used to detect a wide range of defects, identify suspicious code, enforce various coding standards (MISRA/AUTOSAR/etc), calculate and report complex metrics, and implement user-defined checks.
PMD 2023-2-25 (6.55.0) Yes; BSD-like — C, C++ Java, JSP JavaScript — — ColdFusion, PHP duplicate code detection (e.g.)[12] code.
Polyspace No; proprietary Ada C, C++ — — — — — Uses abstract interpretation to detect and prove the absence of certain run time errors and dead code in source code as well as used to check all MISRA (2004, 2012) rules (directives, non directives).
Pretty Diff 2019-04-21 (101.0.0) Yes; CC0 — — — JavaScript, TypeScript — — Markup, script and style languages (like XML, CSS) A language-specific code comparison tool that features language-specific analysis reporting in addition to language-specific minification and beautification algorithms.
PVS-Studio 2024-08-16 (7.32) No; proprietary — C, C++, C++/CLI, C++/CX, C# Java — — — — A software analysis tool.
Qodana 2023-07-23 (2023.2) No; proprietary — C# Java, Kotlin JavaScript, TypeScript VB.NET Python Go, HTML, PHP, CSS, Android, Vue.js A code quality analysis tool that uses static code analysis.
RIPS 2020-02-17 (3.4) No; proprietary — — Java — — — PHP A static code analysis solution with many integration options for the automated detection of complex security vulnerabilities.
SAST Online 2022-03-07 (1.1.0) No; proprietary — — Java — — — Kotlin, APK Check the Android Source code thoroughly to uncover and address potential security concerns and vulnerabilities. Static application security testing (Static Code Analysis) tool Online
Semgrep 2024-10-31 (1.95.0) Yes; LGPL v2.1 — — Java JavaScript, TypeScript — Python Go, JSON, Ruby, language-agnostic mode A static analysis tool that helps expressing code standards and surfacing bugs early. It also has experimental support for eleven other languages. A CI service and a rule library is also available.
Sider 2021-02-02 No; proprietary — — — JavaScript, CoffeeScript — Python Ruby, PHP, Go Static code analysis based automated code review tool working on GitHub and GitLab. Checks style, quality, dependencies, security and bugs. It integrates a number of open source static analysis tools.
SLAM project 2010-07-14 No; proprietary — C — — — — — A project of Microsoft Research for checking that software (drivers) satisfies critical behavioral properties of the interfaces it uses.
SofCheck Inspector / Codepeer 2020-08-24 (21.x) No; proprietary Ada — Java — — — — Static detection of logic errors, race conditions, and redundant code. automatically extracts pre-postconditions from code.
SonarQube 2023-04-03 (10.0) Partly; framework is LGPL v3.0, but some features can be proprietary — C, C#, C++, Objective‑C Java, Kotlin, Scala JavaScript, TypeScript VB.NET Python ABAP, Apex, CSS, COBOL, Flex, Go, HTML, PHP, PLI, PL/SQL, Ruby, Swift, TSQL, Visual Basic 6, XML A continuous inspection engine that finds vulnerabilities, bugs and code smells. Also tracks code complexity, unit test coverage and duplication. Offers branch analysis and C/C++/Objective-C support via commercial licenses.
SourceMeter 2016-12-16 (8.2) No; proprietary — C, C++ Java — — Python RPG IV (AS/400) A platform-independent, command-line static source code analyzer. Integrates with PMD and SpotBugs.
Sourcetrail (retired) 2021-04 (2021.4.19) Yes; GPL — C, C++ Java — — Python Perl An open-source source code explorer that provides interactive dependency graphs and supports multiple programming languages.
Sparse 2021-09-06 (0.6.4) Yes; MIT — C — — — — GCC extensions An open-source tool designed to find faults in the Linux kernel.
Splint 2007-07-12 (3.1.2) Yes; GPLv2 — C — — — — — An open-source tool statically checking C programs for security vulnerabilities and coding mistakes.
StyleCop 2016-05-02 (2016.1.0) Yes; Ms-PL — C# — — .NET — — Analyzes C# source code to enforce a set of style and consistency rules. It can be run from inside of Microsoft Visual Studio or integrated into an MSBuild project.
Squore 2020-11-27 (20.1) No; proprietary Ada C, C++, C#, Objective‑C Java JavaScript, TypeScript VB.NET Python Fortran, PHP, PL/SQL, Swift, T-SQL, XAML A multi-purpose and multi-language monitoring tool for software projects. It integrates with other scanners.
Understand 2023-01-19 (6.3) No; proprietary Ada C, C++, C#, Objective‑C Java JavaScript — Python FORTRAN, Jovial, Pascal, VHDL, HTML, PHP, XML A multi-platform tool for code analysis and comprehension of large code bases. Can recognize multiple dialects of C, C++ and C# like ANSI, K&R and Objective C++.
Visual Expert 2021-09-10 No; proprietary — — — — — — PowerBuilder, Oracle PL/SQL, SQL Server Transact-SQL (T-SQL) Continuous Code inspection, reports on quality and security issues, helps understand complex code (cross-references, source code documentation, code comparison, code performance analysis).
Visual Studio 2021-10-12 (16.11) No; proprietary — C, C++, C# — — — — VB.NET An IDE that provides static code analysis for C/C++ both in the editor environment and from the compiler command line. Also includes the .NET Compiler Platform (Roslyn) which provides C# and VB.NET analysis.
Yasca (retired) 2010-11-01 (2.21) Yes; multiple licenses — C, C++ Java JavaScript — — ASP, PHP, HTML, CSS, ColdFusion, COBOL Yet Another Source Code Analyzer, a plugin-based framework to scan arbitrary file types, with plugins. It integrates with other scanners, including FindBugs, PMD, and Pixy.
Tool Release Free software Supported languages Notes

Languages

Ada

This section is a sublist. Links here will take you to the full list on the top of this article.

C, C++

This section is a sublist. Links here will take you to the full list on the top of this article.

C#

This section is a sublist. Links here will take you to the full list on the top of this article.

IEC 61131-3

  • CODESYS Static Analysis – integrated add-on for CODESYS (application code realized e.g. in ST, FBD, LD)

Java

Tool Latest release Free software Duplicate
code 		Notes
Checkstyle 2020-01-26 Yes; LGPL No Besides some static code analysis, it can be used to show violations of a configured coding standard. Duplicate code detection was removed[13] from Checkstyle.
Eclipse 2017-06-28 Yes; EPL No Cross-platform IDE with own set of several hundred code inspections available for analyzing code on-the-fly in the editor and bulk analysis of the whole project. Plugins for Checkstyle, FindBugs, and PMD.
FindBugs 2015-03-06 Yes; LGPL Based on Jakarta BCEL from the University of Maryland. SpotBugs is the spiritual successor of FindBugs, carrying on from the point where it left off with support of its community.
IntelliJ IDEA 2021-04-06 Yes; ASL 2 Yes A leading Java IDE with built-in code inspection and analysis. Plugins for Checkstyle, FindBugs, and PMD.
JArchitect 2017-06-11 No; proprietary Simplifies managing a complex code base by analyzing and visualizing code dependencies, defining design rules, doing impact analysis, and by comparing different versions of the code.
Jtest 2019-05-21 No; proprietary Yes Testing and static code analysis product by Parasoft.
Soot 2020-10-28 Yes; LGPL A language manipulation and optimization framework consisting of intermediate languages.
PMD 2021-01-30 Yes; BSD License Yes Static code analyzer with support for plugins, including CPD. PMD supports checking of several languages.
Squale 2011-05-26 Yes; LGPL A platform to manage software quality.
ThreadSafe 2014-03-28 No; proprietary A static analysis tool focused on finding concurrency bugs.
This section is a sublist. Links here will take you to the full list on the top of this article.

JavaScript

  • ESLint – JavaScript syntax checker and formatter.
  • Google's Closure Compiler – JavaScript optimizer that rewrites code to be faster and smaller, and checks use of native JavaScript functions.
  • CodeScene – Behavioral analysis of code.
  • JSHint – A community driven fork of JSLint.
  • JSLint – JavaScript syntax checker and validator.
  • Klocwork
  • Semgrep – A static analysis tool that helps expressing code standards and surfacing bugs early. A CI service and a rule library is also available.
  • Understand

Objective-C, Objective-C++

  • Clang – The free Clang project includes a static analyzer. As of version 3.2, this analyzer is included in Xcode.[14]
  • Infer – Developed by an engineering team at Facebook with open-source contributors. Targets null pointers, leaks, API usage and other lint checks. Available as open source on github.
  • Understand

Opa

  • Opa includes its own static analyzer. As the language is intended for web application development, the strongly statically typed compiler checks the validity of high-level types for web data, and prevents by default many vulnerabilities such as XSS attacks and database code injections.

Packaging

  • Lintian – Checks Debian software packages for common inconsistencies and errors.
  • Rpmlint – Checks for common problems in rpm packages.

Perl

PL/SQL

PowerBuilder, PowerScript

Python

  • PyCharm – Cross-platform Python IDE with code inspections available for analyzing code on-the-fly in the editor and bulk analysis of the whole project.
  • PyDev – Eclipse-based Python IDE with code analysis available on-the-fly in the editor or at save time.
  • Pylint – Static code analyzer. Quite stringent; includes many stylistic warnings as well.
  • Klocwork
  • Semgrep – Static code analyzer that helps expressing code standards and surfacing bugs early. A CI service and a rule library is also available.
  • Understand

Transact-SQL

  • Visual Expert – A SQLServer code analysis tool[16] that reports on programming issues and helps understand and maintain complex code (Impact Analysis, source code documentation, call trees, CRUD matrix, etc.).

Tools with duplicate code detection

For broader coverage of this topic, see Duplicate code.
This section is a sublist. Links here will take you to the full list on the top of this article.

Formal methods tools

Tools that use sound, i.e. over-approximating a rigorous model, formal methods approach to static analysis (e.g., using static program assertions). Sound methods contain no false negatives for bug-free programs, at least with regards to the idealized mathematical model they are based on (there is no "unconditional" soundness). Note that there is no guarantee they will report all bugs for buggy programs, they will report at least one.

See also

References

  1. ^ "CPAchecker". 2015-02-08.
  2. ^ "Static Analysis in Xcode". Apple. Archived from the original on 2009-09-05. Retrieved 2009-09-03.
  3. ^ "Running the analyzer within Xcode". Archived from the original on 5 December 2021. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
  4. ^ "Supported Application Security Testing Tools and Languages". codedx.com. Retrieved Apr 25, 2017.
  5. ^ "Coverity Scan website". Retrieved 2023-08-23.
  6. ^ "ECLAIR website". Retrieved 2021-10-07.
  7. ^ "CppDepend what's new". cppdepend.com. Retrieved 1 March 2023.
  8. ^ "Readme.md of Google Style Guides". GitHub. Retrieved 8 November 2021.
  9. ^ Malcolm, David (2020-03-26). "Static analysis in GCC 10". Red Hat Developer. Retrieved 2022-04-13.
  10. ^ "UNIX is free!". lemis.com. 2002-01-24.
  11. ^ "NDepend what's new". ndepend.com. Retrieved 15 June 2022.
  12. ^ "PMD - Browse /pmd/5.0.0 at SourceForge.net". Retrieved Dec 9, 2012.
  13. ^ "Remove StrictDuplicateCodeCheck and whole package · Issue #523 · checkstyle/Checkstyle". GitHub.
  14. ^ "Static Analysis in Xcode". Apple. Retrieved 2009-09-03.
  15. ^ "Visual Expert for Oracle - PL/SQL Code Analyzer". www.visual-expert.com. 2017-08-24.
  16. ^ "Visual Expert for SQL Server - Transact SQL Code Analyzer". www.visual-expert.com. 2017-08-24.
  17. ^ Cousot, Patrick (2007). "The Role of Abstract Interpretation in Formal Methods". Fifth IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods (SEFM 2007). IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods. pp. 135–140. doi:10.1109/SEFM.2007.42. ISBN 978-0-7695-2884-7. S2CID 67212.
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