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2010 Asian Games

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The 2010 Asian Games, also known as the XVI Asiad, is a multi-sport event in Guangzhou, China that began on 12 November and finishes on 27 November 2010. Guangzhou is the second Chinese city to host the Games, after Beijing in 1990. A total of 476 events in 42 sports will be contested by athletes, making it the largest event in the history of the Games. It will also be the last iteration of the Games to have featured such big events, as the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) have enforced new hosting rules for future games, beginning with the 2014 Games.

Guangzhou was awarded the right to host the Games on July 1, 2004, as the sole bidding city. This came after the withdrawal of several cities, Amman, Kuala Lumpur and Seoul. The games will also be co-hosted by Dongguan, Foshan and Shanwei, the three neighbouring cities.

Organisation

Bid

MTR Ktt with 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games advertisment

On July 1, 2004, The Guangzhou was awarded the right to host the Games; the decision was announced in Doha, Qatar.[1] This decision came after several other cities withdrew due to seperate reasons. Seoul withdrew after considering the short span of time between 2002 and 2010, because South Korea hosted the 2002 Games eight years before in Busan.[2] Kuala Lumpur was forced to withdraw its bid after it was boycotted by the cabinet due to the high cost of hosting the Games, leaving Guangzhou as the sole bidder.[3][4]

Marketing

File:Market of 2010 Asian Games.jpg
Le Yangyang, official mascot of the games

The 2010 Asian Games' official emblem was unveiled at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall on November 26, 2006. It is a stylized goat, which, in Chinese tradition, is a blessing and brings people luck. It is also a representative symbol of the host city Guangzhou, which is called the "City of Rams" or "City of the Five Rams".[5]

Five sporty rams, dubbed "Le Yangyang," will serve as the mascots of the Games. They were unveiled on April 28, 2008 at the Guangzhou Baiyun International Convention and Exhibition Center.[6][7] The five rams are named A Xiang (祥), A He (和), A Ru (如), A Yi (意) and Le Yangyang (樂洋洋), and are a play on Guangzhou's nickname, "City of Goats". Moreover, the Chinese character "yang," or "goat," is also an auspicious symbol because, when read together, the Chinese names of the five rams are a message of blessing, literally meaning "harmony, blessings, success and happiness" (祥和如意樂洋洋).[8]

The official theme song was released on September 30, 2010, and is called "Reunion" (in Chinese, "Chongfeng" [重逢]), and was composed by Wu Liqun, with lyrics written by Xu Rongkai, while the English version was translated by Chen Ning Yang, a Chinese-American physicist, and his wife, Weng Fan. The song was also performed by Sun Nan and Bella Yao (姚贝娜).[9] Sun Nan then performed it again with Mao Amin for a music video.[10]

Costs

Several statements were made prior to the official statement about the cost. On March 11, 2005, Lin Shusen of the Guangzhou Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) said the Games "will not cost more than ￥2 billion",[11] in stark contrast to an earlier report, which had claimed that the cost could exceed ￥200 billion.[12]

In March 2009, the director of the marketing department of the Games, Fang Da’er, claimed that the Games were short of funds, due to lack of sponsorship and the global financial crisis.[13] An informal estimate put the Games' expenditure at about US$420 million and revenue at US$450 million.[14]

On October 13, 2010, Mayor of Guangzhou Wan Qingliang officially revealed in a press conference that the total cost of staging the Asian Games and Asian Para Games is about ￥122.6 billion (Unknown country code for year 2021: CNY billion), with ￥109 billion spent on infrastructure, ￥6.3 billion on the venues and some ￥7.3 billion spent on Games' operation.[15]

Venues

Guangdong Olympic Stadium
Main article: Venues of the 2010 Asian Games

There are 53 competition venues and 17 training venues available for the Games, with four venues held outside the Guangzhou. These include the Asian Games Town, which consists of the Athletes' Village, Technical Officials' Village, Media Village, Main Media Center and International Broadcast Center.[16] Organisers revealed that the total investment is over ￥15 billion.[17]

On April 19, 2009, organisers chose Haixinsha Island, along with the Pearl River, as the venue for the opening and closing ceremonies, the only venue which not serve as purpose for competition.[18]

Torch relay

Torch relay route
Main article: 2010 Asian Games torch relay

Two torch designs were short-listed in September 2009 for the 2010 Asian Games. A design named The Tide was chosen over one named Exploit by the organisers as the torch of the Games. The Tide weighs 98g and is 70 cm long, and is tall and straight in shape, while dynamic in terms of image.[19]

The torch relay route was unveiled on March 4, 2010. For financial reasons,[20] the torch relay duration around Guangdong and two other cities off Guangdong are 30 days. The flame of the torch was lit in the Great Wall of China on October 9, 2010, and travelled around the Temple of Heaven in Beijing. 21 cities were present in the list of relay, with 2,010 torchbearers expected to carry it from October 12 to November 12, 2010;[21][22] however, two cities were added later in the route for a single day on October 15, 2010, the host of 2007 Asian Winter Games and 2012 Asian Beach Games, making the number of torchbearer increase to 2,068 people.[23]

The relay in Harbin was held in the main venue of the 1996 Asian Winter Games, the Harbin Ice Hockey Rink, while the relay on October 22, 2010 was affected by Typhoon Megi as it was held under the rain.[24] The relay from November 6–8 was acted as demonstration relay.

Calendar

In the following calendar for the 2010 Asian Games, each blue box represents an event competition, such as a qualification round, on that day. The yellow boxes represent days during which medal-awarding finals for a sport were held.

 OC  Opening ceremony  ●   Event competitions  1  Gold medal events  CC  Closing ceremony
November 7th
Sun 		8th
Mon 		9th
Tue 		10th
Wed 		11th
Thu 		12th
Fri 		13th
Sat 		14th
Sun 		15th
Mon 		16th
Tue 		17th
Wed 		18th
Thu 		19th
Fri 		20th
Sat 		21st
Sun 		22nd
Mon 		23rd
Tue 		24th
Wed 		25th
Thu 		26th
Fri 		27th
Sat 		Events
Ceremonies OC CC —
Aquatics Diving 2 2 2 2 2 53
Swimming 6 6 7 7 6 6
Synchronized swimming 1 1 1
Water polo  ●  ●  ●  ● 1  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 1
Archery  ●  ● 1 1 1 1 4
Athletics 6 6 8 4 11 10 2 47
Badminton  ●  ● 2  ●  ●  ● 1 2 2 7
Baseball  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 1 1
Basketball  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 1 1 2
Board games Chess  ●  ●  ● 2  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 2 9
Go  ●  ● 1  ●  ●  ● 2
Xiangqi  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 2
Bowling 1 1 1 1  ● 2  ● 4  ● 2 12
Boxing  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●   6 7 13
Canoeing Slalom ● 2 ● 2 16
Sprint ● ● 6 6
Cricket  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 1  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 1 2
Cue sports  ● 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 10
Cycling BMX 2 18
Mountain bike 2
Road 2 1 1
Track 1 3  ● 2 4
Dancesport 5 5 10
Dragon boat 2 2 2 6
Equestrian 1 ● 1 ● ● 2 1 1 6
Fencing 2 2 2 2 2 2 12
Football  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 1  ● 1 2
Golf  ●  ●  ● 4 4
Gymnastics Artistic 1 1 2 5 5 18
Rhythmic 1 1
Trampolining  ● 2
Handball  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 2 2
Field hockey  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 1 1 2
Judo 4 4 4 4 16
Kabaddi  ●  ●  ●  ● 2 2
Karate 5 4 4 13
Modern pentathlon 2 2 4
Roller sports 4 2  ● 3 9
Rowing  ●  ●  ● 7 7 14
Rugby sevens  ●  ● 2 2
Sailing  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 14 14
Sepak takraw  ●  ●  ●  ● 2  ●  ● 2  ●  ● 2 6
Shooting 6 4 8 4 6 4 4 4 2 2 44
Softball  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 1 1
Soft tennis  ● 2 1  ● 2  ● 2 7
Squash  ●  ●  ● 2  ●  ●  ● 2 4
Table tennis  ●  ●  ● 2  ●  ● 3 2 7
Taekwondo 4 4 4 4 16
Tennis  ●  ●  ● 2  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 3 2 7
Triathlon 1 1 2
Volleyball Beach  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 1 1 4
Indoor  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ●  ● 1 1
Weightlifting 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 15
Wrestling 3 3 3 3 3 3 18
Wushu 2 2 2 2 7 15
Daily medal events 28 35 31 36 40 32 36 40 21 27 30 28 39 48 5 476
Cumulative Total 28 63 94 130 170 202 238 278 299 326 356 384 423 471 476
November 7th
Sun 		8th
Mon 		9th
Tue 		10th
Wed 		11th
Thu 		12th
Fri 		13th
Sat 		14th
Sun 		15th
Mon 		16th
Tue 		17th
Wed 		18th
Thu 		19th
Fri 		20th
Sat 		21st
Sun 		22nd
Mon 		23rd
Tue 		24th
Wed 		25th
Thu 		26th
Fri 		27th
Sat 		Total
events

Games

Opening ceremony

File:Opening Cermony Asian Games 1.jpg
File:Opening Cermony Asian Games 2.jpg

The opening ceremony took place on November 12, 2010 at 20:04 local time. For the first time in history, the ceremony was not held inside the stadium; instead, it was held along the Pearl River on Haixinsha Island.[25] Prior to the ceremony, director Chen Weiya, who was also the assistant director of the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, claimed in a special interview that the ceremony "will surprise the world".[26] The ceremony was attended by the Premier of the People's Republic of China, Wen Jiabao,[27] President of Pakistan Asif Ali Zardari,[28] Thai Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva,[29] and Chief Secretary for Administration of Hong Kong Henry Tang.[30]

According to pre-release statement, some 7,000 people were planned to contribute to the ceremony, with the team parade to be held at 21:00 local time, while a "mysterious" lightning ceremony was to be held at 21:42 local time. Two themes were used for the ceremony: at the sea and land.[31] Some performers participated in the ceremony, including Korean singer Kim Hyun Joong, who sang the song "Sunshine Again",[32] and Mongolian band "Borte".[33]

Sports

Compared to the 28 events in the Olympic Games, the 2010 Asian Games will feature 42 events throughout the 16 days of the competition, with added disciplines in some events. 28 and five gold medalists will emerge during the opening day and final day respectively, while a total of 48 gold medalists will be awarded on November 25, 2010, the most in single day.[34] Twenty20 cricket is among the debutant sports,[35] with dancesport, dragon boat, weiqi and roller sport added as unique to the Games.[36] Bodybuilding was dropped due to judging controversy in the 2006 Games.[37]

Closing ceremony

The closing ceremony will be held on November 27, 2010, with performances beginning at 20:06 local time. A flag handover to the 2014 Games will be included in this ceremony.[31]

Medal table

1  China (CHN) 19 7 2 28
2  Japan (JPN) 4 10 9 23
3  South Korea (KOR) 4 3 8 15
4  Hong Kong (HKG) 1 0 1 2
5  India (IND) 0 2 0 2
6  Iran (IRI) 0 1 2 3
 Uzbekistan (UZB) 0 1 2 3
8  Indonesia (INA) 0 1 1 2
9  North Korea (PRK) 0 1 0 1
 Singapore (SIN) 0 1 0 1
 Thailand (THA) 0 1 0 1
12  Kazakhstan (KAZ) 0 0 3 3
13  Malaysia (MAS) 0 0 2 2
 Chinese Taipei (TPE) 0 0 2 2

Participation

All 45 members of Olympic Council of Asia participating in the Games. All National Olympic Committees were ordered to have submitted their entry before September 30, 2010. Organisers allow each NOC to submit additional entries and injury replacements after the deadline. After the final registration deadline, some 9,704 athletes, as well as some 4,750 team officials, took part in the Games, an increase of 184 athletes from previous Asian Games in Doha.[38] According to the Games' official website, Kuwaiti athletes participated the Games under the Olympic flag because the Kuwait Olympic Committee was suspended due to political interference in January 2010.[39]

Below is a list of all the participating NOCs; the number of competitors per delegation is indicated in brackets.

Concerns and controversies

Air quality

Canton Tower, the structure symbol of 2010 Asian Games

Like the 2008 Beijing Olympics, Guangzhou also attempted to raise the air quality of the city. The authority had pledged ￥600 million to fight the problem, and had ordered around 32 chemical plants to stop production by the end of 2009.[85] A report shown on July 13, 2010 indicateds that the air quality was rated at 95.07% in 2009, an increase of 12.01% since 2004;[86] this improvement eventually cost authorities ￥24 billion.[87] Later action from organisers to curb the pollution included decreasing the movement of vehicles up to 40 percent,[88] and banning barbeque stalls in 11 cities.[89]

Language

Main article: 2010 controversy over proposed increase of adoption of Standard Mandarin by Guangzhou Television

The citizens of Guangzhou opposed the proposal suggested by the city committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) to use Mandarin more in television news programmes, rather than Guangzhou's main language, Cantonese.[90]

Cricket absences

Cricket is among the five debutant sports in the Games. However, India, despite its historical record, decided not to send its cricket team to the Games. According to the Board of Control for Cricket in India, the decision was due to earlier "international commitments".[91] However, its main rivals, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, confirmed their participation.[92]

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