Tom Cruise
Tom Cruise | |
---|---|
![]() Cruise on MTV Live in December 2008 | |
Born | Thomas Cruise Mapother IV July 3, 1962 Syracuse, New York, United States |
Occupation(s) | Actor, producer, writer, director |
Years active | 1981–present |
Spouse(s) | Mimi Rogers (1987–1990) Nicole Kidman (1990–2001) Katie Holmes (2006–present) |
Partner | Rebecca De Mornay (1983–1985) |
Children | 3 |
Website | TomCruise.com |
Thomas Cruise Mapother IV (/[invalid input: 'icon']ˈtɒməs ˈkruːz ˈmeɪpɒθər/; born July 3, 1962), better known as Tom Cruise, is an American film actor and producer. He has been nominated for three Academy Awards and he has won three Golden Globe Awards.
Cruise first debuted in a major film in Francis Ford Coppola's The Outsiders, released in March 1983. His first leading role was in the film Risky Business,[1] which was released in August 1983. After playing the role of a heroic naval pilot in the popular and financially successful 1986 film Top Gun, Cruise continued in this vein, playing a secret agent in a series of Mission: Impossible action films in the 1990s and 2000s. In addition to these heroic roles, he has starred in a variety of other successful films such as Days of Thunder (1990), A Few Good Men (1992), Jerry Maguire (1996), Magnolia (1999), Vanilla Sky (2001), Minority Report (2002), The Last Samurai (2003), Collateral (2004) and War of the Worlds (2005).
Since 2005, Cruise and Paula Wagner have been in charge of the United Artists film studio,[2] with Cruise as producer and star and Wagner as the chief executive. Cruise is also known for his support of and adherence to the Church of Scientology.[3]
Early life
Cruise was born in Syracuse, New York,[4] the son of Mary Lee (née Pfeiffer), a special education teacher, and Thomas Cruise Mapother III (died 1984),[5] an electrical engineer.[6] Cruise's surname originates from his great-grandfather, Thomas Cruise O'Mara, who was adopted by a Welsh immigrant and renamed "Thomas Cruise Mapother".[7][8][9] Cruise is of German, Irish, and English ancestry.[10] Cruise grew up in near poverty in a Catholic family dominated by an abusive father he described as "a merchant of chaos". He was beaten by his father, who Cruise described as a bully and coward.
He was the kind of person where, if something goes wrong, they kick you. It was a great lesson in my life—how he’d lull you in, make you feel safe and then, bang! For me, it was like, 'There's something wrong with this guy. Don't trust him. Be careful around him.'[11]
Cruise attended Robert Hopkins Public School for grades three, four, and five. The Mapother family then moved to the suburb of Beacon Hill, in Ottawa, Ontario, so Cruise's father could take a position as a defence consultant with the Canadian Armed Forces. There, Cruise completed grade six at Henry Munro Middle School, part of the Carleton Board of Education,[12] where he was active in athletics, playing floor hockey almost every night, showing himself to be a ruthless player, and eventually chipping his front tooth. In the game British bulldogs, he then lost his newly capped tooth and hurt his knee.[13] Henry Munro was also where Cruise became involved in drama, under the tutelage of George Steinburg.[14] The first play he participated in was called IT, in which Cruise won the co-lead with Michael de Waal, one playing "Evil", the other playing "Good". The play met much acclaim, and toured with five other classmates to various schools around the Ottawa area, even being filmed at the local Ottawa TV station.[15] Cruise was bullied regularly in the 15 different schools he attended in 12 years.[11] When Cruise was twelve, his mother left his father, taking Cruise and his sister Lee Anne with her.[11]
He briefly attended a Franciscan seminary in Cincinnati (on a church scholarship) and aspired to become a Catholic priest.[16] In his senior year, he played football for the varsity team as a linebacker, but he was cut from the squad after getting caught drinking beer before a game.[17]
Career
Acting
1980s
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Tom_cruise_1989.jpg/170px-Tom_cruise_1989.jpg)
Cruise first appeared in supporting roles the 1981 films Endless Love and Taps, the latter in which he played a crazed military school student. His first starring role was in the 1983 comedy Losin' It. That same year he appeared in All the Right Moves and Risky Business, which has been described as "A Generation-X classic, and a career-maker for Tom Cruise",[18] and which along with 1986's Top Gun, cemented his status as a star.
Cruise followed up Top Gun with The Color of Money, which came out the same year, and which paired him with Academy Award-winner Paul Newman. 1988 saw him star in Cocktail, which earned him a nomination for the Razzie Award for Worst Actor. Later that year he starred with Academy Award-winner Dustin Hoffman in Rain Man, which won the Academy Award for Best Film and Cruise the Kansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actor. Cruise finished the decade by portraying real-life paralyzed Vietnam War veteran Ron Kovic in 1989's Born on the Fourth of July, which earned him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama, the Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actor, the People's Choice Award for Favorite Motion Picture Actor, a nomination for BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role, and Cruise's first Best Actor Academy Award nomination.
1990s
In 1994, Cruise starred along with Brad Pitt, Antonio Banderas and Christian Slater in Neil Jordan's Interview with the Vampire, a homoerotic gothic drama/horror film that was based on Anne Rice's best-selling novel. The film was well received, although Rice was initially quite outspoken in her criticism of Cruise having been cast in the film, as Julian Sands was her first choice. Upon seeing the film however, she paid $7,740 for a two-page ad in Daily Variety praising his performance and apologizing for her previous doubts about him.[19]
In 1995, Cruise appeared as superspy Ethan Hunt in the reboot of Mission: Impossible, which he produced. In 1996, he took on the title role in Jerry Maguire, for which he earned a Golden Globe and his second nomination for an Academy Award. In 1999, Cruise costarred with wife Nicole Kidman in the erotic Stanley Kubrick film Eyes Wide Shut, and played motivational speaker Frank T.J. Mackey in the ensemble film Magnolia, for which he received another Golden Globe and nomination for an Academy Award.
2000s
In 2000, Cruise returned as Ethan Hunt in the second installment of the Mission Impossible films, releasing Mission: Impossible II. The film was directed by Hong Kong director John Woo and branded with his gun fu style, and it continued the series' blockbuster success at the box office, taking in almost $547M in worldwide figures, like its predecessor, being the third highest grossing film of the year. Cruise received an MTV Movie Award as Best Male Performance for this film.[20] His next five films were major critical and commercial successes.[21][22] The following year Cruise starred in the romantic thriller Vanilla Sky (2001) with Cameron Diaz and Penelope Cruz. In 2002, Cruise starred in the dystopian science fiction thriller, Minority Report which was directed by Steven Spielberg and based on the science fiction short story by Philip K. Dick.
In 2003, he starred in the Edward Zwick's historical drama The Last Samurai, for which he received a Golden Globe nomination as best actor.[20] In 2005, Cruise worked again with Steven Spielberg in War of the Worlds, which became the fourth highest grossing film of the year with US$591.4 million worldwide. Also in 2005, he won the People's Choice Award for Favorite Male Movie Star, and the MTV Generation Award.[20] Cruise was nominated for seven Saturn Awards between 2002 and 2009, winning once.[20] Nine of the ten films he starred in during the decade made over $100 million at the box office.[23]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Tom_Cruise_2006.jpg/170px-Tom_Cruise_2006.jpg)
In 2006, he reprised his role as Ethan Hunt in the third installment of the Mission Impossible film series, Mission: Impossible III. The film was more positively received by critics than its predecessor, and grossed nearly $400 million at the box office.[24] Cruise's 2007 film Lions for Lambs was a rare commercial disappointment. In 2008, Cruise appeared in the hit comedy Tropic Thunder with Ben Stiller and Jack Black. This performance earned Cruise a Golden Globe nomination. Cruise's role in the historical thriller Valkyrie released on December 25, 2008 to box office success.[25] As of 2009, Cruise's films have grossed over $6.5 billion worldwide.[26]
In March 2010, Cruise completed filming the action-comedy Knight and Day, in which he re-teamed with former costar Cameron Diaz; the film was released on June 23, 2010.[27] On February 9, 2010, Cruise confirmed that he will star in Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol the fourth Mission:Impossible film, slated for release in December 2011.[28]
On May 6, 2011, Cruise was awarded a humanitarian award from the Simon Wiesenthal Centre and Museum of Tolerance for his work as a dedicated philanthropist.[29]
Producing
Cruise partnered with his former talent agent Paula Wagner to form Cruise/Wagner Productions in 1993,[2] and the company has since co-produced several of Cruise's films,[30] the first being Mission: Impossible in 1996 which was also Cruise's first project as a producer.
Cruise is noted as having negotiated some of the most lucrative film deals in Hollywood, and was described in 2005 by Hollywood economist Edward Jay Epstein as "one of the most powerful – and richest – forces in Hollywood". Epstein argues that Cruise is one of the few producers (the others being George Lucas, Steven Spielberg and Jerry Bruckheimer) who are regarded as able to guarantee the success of a billion-dollar film franchise. Epstein also contends that the public obsession with Cruise's tabloid controversies obscures full appreciation of Cruise's exceptional commercial prowess.[31]
Cruise/Wagner Productions, Cruise's film production company, is said to be developing a screenplay based on Erik Larson's New York Times bestseller, The Devil in the White City about a real life serial killer, H. H. Holmes, at Chicago's World's Columbian Exposition. Kathryn Bigelow is attached to the project to produce and helm. Meanwhile, Leonardo DiCaprio's production company, Appian Way, is also developing a film about Holmes and the World's Fair, in which DiCaprio will star.[32]
Breakup with Paramount
On August 22, 2006, Paramount Pictures announced it was ending its 14-year relationship with Cruise. In the Wall Street Journal, chairman of Viacom (Paramount's parent company) Sumner Redstone cited the economic damage to Cruise's value as an actor and producer from his controversial public behavior and views.[33][34] Cruise/Wagner Productions responded that Paramount's announcement was a face-saving move after the production company had successfully sought alternative financing from private equity firms.[35] Industry analysts such as Edward Jay Epstein commented that the real reason for the split was most likely Paramount's discontent over Cruise/Wagner's exceptionally large share of DVD sales from the Mission: Impossible franchise.[36][37]
Management of United Artists
In November 2006, Cruise and Paula Wagner announced that they had taken over United Artists film studio.[2] Cruise acts as a producer and star in films for United Artists, while Wagner serves as UA's chief executive. Production began in 2007 of Valkyrie, a thriller based on the July 20, 1944 assassination attempt against Adolf Hitler. The film was acquired in March 2007 by United Artists. On March 21, 2007 Cruise signed on to play Claus von Stauffenberg, the protagonist. This project marks the second production to be greenlighted since Cruise and Wagner took control of United Artists. The first was its inaugural film, Lions for Lambs, directed by Robert Redford and starring Redford, Meryl Streep and Cruise. Lambs was released on November 9, 2007,[38] opening to unimpressive box office revenue and critical reception. In August 2008, Wagner stepped down from her position at United Artists; she retains her stake in UA, which combined with Cruise's share amounts to 30 percent of the studio.[39]
Relationships and personal life
Cruise had a relationship with his Risky Business co-star Rebecca De Mornay; they cohabited in New York from 1983–85.[40][41][42][43]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Tom_Cruise_%26_Katie_Holmes_WHCAD.jpg/150px-Tom_Cruise_%26_Katie_Holmes_WHCAD.jpg)
Cruise married actress Mimi Rogers on May 9, 1987; they divorced on February 4, 1990.[1] Rogers is generally believed to have introduced Cruise to Scientology.[44] He met his second wife, Nicole Kidman, on the set of their film Days of Thunder. The couple married on December 24, 1990. He and Kidman adopted two children, Isabella Jane (born December 1992) and Connor Antony (born January 1995).[1] They separated in February 2001 when Kidman was three months pregnant; she later miscarried.[45]
Cruise was next romantically linked with Penélope Cruz, his co-star in Vanilla Sky. That relationship ended in 2004.[46] In April 2005, Cruise began dating actress Katie Holmes. On April 27 that year, Cruise and Holmes, dubbed "TomKat" by the media, made their first public appearance together in Rome.[47] A month later, Cruise declared his love for Holmes on The Oprah Winfrey Show famously jumping up and down on Winfrey's couch during the show.[48] On October 6, 2005, Cruise and Holmes announced they were expecting a child,[49] and their daughter, Suri, was born in April 2006. On November 18, 2006, Holmes and Cruise were married at the 15th-century Odescalchi Castle in Bracciano, Italy, in a Scientology ceremony attended by many Hollywood stars.[50] The actors' publicist said the couple had "officialized" their marriage in Los Angeles the day before the Italian ceremony.[51] David Miscavige served as Cruise's best man.[52]
Popularity
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Tom_Cruise_and_Katie_Holmes_Yahoo_2006.jpg/200px-Tom_Cruise_and_Katie_Holmes_Yahoo_2006.jpg)
In 1990, 1991 and 1997, People magazine rated him among the 50 most beautiful people in the world. In 1995, Empire magazine ranked him among the 100 sexiest stars in film history. Two years later, it ranked him among the top 5 film stars of all time. In 2002 and 2003, he was rated by Premiere among the top 20 in its annual Power 100 list.[1]
In 2006, Premiere ranked Cruise as Hollywood's most powerful actor,[53] as Cruise came in at number 13 on the magazine's 2006 Power List, being the highest ranked actor.[54] The same year, Forbes magazine ranked him as the world's most powerful celebrity.[55]
In August 2006, "a USA Today/Gallup poll in which half of those surveyed registered an 'unfavorable' opinion of the actor" was cited as a reason in addition to "unacceptable behavior"[56] for Paramount's non-renewal of their production contract with Cruise. In addition, Marketing Evaluations reports that Cruise's Q score (which is a measure of the popularity of celebrities), had fallen 40 percent. It was also revealed that Cruise is the celebrity people would least like as their best friend. October 10, 2006 was declared "Tom Cruise Day" in Japan; the Japan Memorial Day Association said that he was awarded with a special day because he has made more trips to Japan than any other Hollywood star.[57]
Controversy
Litigation
During Cruise's marriage to Nicole Kidman, the couple endured public speculation about their sex life and rumors that Cruise was gay. In 1998, he successfully sued the Daily Express, a British tabloid which alleged that his marriage to Kidman was a sham designed to cover up his homosexuality.[58] In May 2001 he filed a lawsuit against gay porn actor Chad Slater. Slater had allegedly told the celebrity magazine Actustar that he had had an affair with Cruise. Both Slater and Cruise denied this, and in August 2001, Slater was ordered to pay $10 million to Cruise in damages after Slater declared he could not afford to defend himself against the suit and would therefore default.[59] Cruise also sued Michael Davis, publisher of Bold Magazine, who alleged but never confirmed that he had video that would prove Cruise was gay. The suit was dropped in exchange for a public statement by Davis that the video was not of Cruise, and that Cruise was heterosexual.[60]
After The Beast's publication of their 50 Most Loathsome People of 2004, which included Cruise, Cruise's lawyer Bertram Fields threatened to sue. Seeing the opportunity for nationwide exposure, The Beast actively encouraged the lawsuit. No lawsuit was ever filed and Cruise was included more prominently in the 2005 list.[61] In 2006, Cruise sued cybersquatter Jeff Burgar to obtain control of the TomCruise.com domain name. When owned by Burgar, the domain redirected to information about Cruise on Celebrity1000.com. The decision to turn TomCruise.com over to Cruise was handed down by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) on July 5, 2006.[62]
Oprah Winfrey Show incident
Cruise has made several expressions of his feelings for Holmes to the media, most notably the "couch incident" which took place on the popular The Oprah Winfrey Show of May 23, 2005. Cruise "jumped around the set, hopped onto a couch, fell to one knee and repeatedly professed his love for his new girlfriend".[63] The phrase "jumping the couch", fashioned after "jumping the shark", is used to describe someone "going off the deep end" in public in a manner extreme enough to tarnish his or her reputation.[64] It enjoyed a short-lived popularity, being chosen by the editors of the Historical Dictionary of American Slang as the "slang term of the year" in 2005[65] and by the nonprofit group Global Language Monitor as one of its top phrases for the year.[66]
The "couch incident" was voted No.1 of 2005's "Most Surprising Television Moments" on a countdown on E![citation needed] and No.5 at BoxOfficeProphets.com.[67] and was the subject of numerous parodies, including the epilogue of Scary Movie 4, an episode of South Park, a short on Sesame Street,[68] and an episode of Family Guy. Entertainment Weekly put it on its end-of-the-decade, "best-of" list, saying, "Lesson learned: Tell, don't show".[69]
In early May 2008, Cruise reappeared on The Oprah Winfrey Show to celebrate 25 years in the film business. The feature was a two hour special, the first hour was Oprah spending the day with Cruise at his house in Telluride, Colorado on May 2.
Scientology
Cruise is an outspoken advocate for the Church of Scientology; according to Andrew Morton's Tom Cruise: An Unauthorized Biography (2008), Cruise is the church's "second in command in all but name".[70] He became involved with Scientology in 1990 through his first wife, Mimi Rogers.[71] He has said that Scientology, specifically the L. Ron Hubbard Study Tech, helped him overcome dyslexia.[72] In addition to promoting various programs that introduce people to Scientology, Cruise has campaigned for Scientology to be recognized as a religion in Europe. He lobbied politicians in France and Germany, where the legal systems regard Scientology as a cult and business, respectively. In 2005, the Paris city council revealed that Cruise had lobbied officials Nicolas Sarkozy and Jean-Claude Gaudin, described him as a spokesman and militant for Scientology, and barred any further dealings with him.[73][74] Cruise co-founded and raised donations for Downtown Medical to offer New York 9/11 rescue workers detoxification therapy based on the works of L. Ron Hubbard. This drew criticism from the medical profession,[75] as well as firefighters.[76] For these activities and others, David Miscavige awarded Cruise Scientology's Freedom Medal of Valor in late 2004.
A controversy erupted in 2005 after he openly criticized actress Brooke Shields for using the drug Paxil (paroxetine), an anti-depressant to which Shields attributes her recovery from postpartum depression after the birth of her first daughter in 2003. Cruise asserted that there is no such thing as a chemical imbalance, and that psychiatry is a form of pseudoscience. Shields replied that she would not take advice from anyone who believed in space aliens. This led to a heated argument with Matt Lauer on NBC's Today on June 24, 2005.[77] Medical authorities view Cruise's comments as furthering the social stigma of mental illness.[78][79] Shields herself called Cruise's comments "a disservice to mothers everywhere".[80] In late August 2006, Cruise apologized in person to Shields for his comments.[81] Scientology is well-known for its opposition to mainstream psychiatry.
On January 15, 2008, a video produced by the Church of Scientology featuring an interview with Cruise was posted on YouTube, showing Cruise discussing what being a Scientologist means to him.[82][83] The Church of Scientology said the video had been "pirated and edited", and was taken from a three-hour video produced for members of Scientology.[83][84] YouTube removed the Cruise video from their site under threat of litigation.[85]
Cruise's more open attitude to Scientology has been attributed to the departure of his publicist of 14 years, Pat Kingsley, in March 2004. He replaced her with his sister, fellow Scientologist Lee Anne DeVette, who served in that role until November 2005.[86] He then replaced her with Paul Bloch from the publicity firm Rogers and Cowan.[87] Such restructuring is seen as a move to curtail publicity of his views on Scientology, as well as the hard-sell of his relationship with Katie Holmes backfiring with the public.[88][89]
Filmography
See also
References
- ^ a b c d Tom Cruise at IMDb
- ^ a b c "MGM Partners With Tom Cruise and Paula Wagner to Form New United Artists". Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios. PR Newswire. November 2, 2006. Archived from the original on November 16, 2007.
- ^ Scientology News: Tom Cruise Tops List of Scientology Celebrities at Celebrity Centre International 34th Anniversary Church of Scientology; 2006. Retrieved March 23, 2007.
- ^ "Cruise's Family Tree Treat". January 13, 2004. Retrieved October 17, 2007.
- ^ "Being Tom Cruise". TIME. Retrieved June 5, 2011.
- ^ "Tom Cruise Biography". Retrieved October 17, 2007.
- ^ Stated on Inside the Actors Studio interview with Cruise, January 11, 2004; can be viewed at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2xYsFLyTsDU
- ^ "Genealogy.com: Ancestry of Tom Cruise". Genealogy.com website. Genealogy.com. August 8, 2002. Retrieved March 31, 2010.
- ^ "BBC News: Wales: North East Wales: Cruise's Welsh roots uncovered". BBC News website. BBC. January 18, 2004. Retrieved March 31, 2010.
- ^ "Ancestry of Tom Cruise". Wargs.com. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
- ^ a b c "I Can Create Who I Am". Parade. April 9, 2006. Retrieved February 18, 2011.
- ^ "Tom Cruise's Canadian stay revealed".
- ^ "Tom Cruise: An Unauthorized Biography".
- ^ "Cruise's time in capital one for books".
- ^ "Excerpt Tom Cruise: An Unauthorized Biography".
- ^ Cf. Tom Cruise: An Unauthorized Biography, pp.24-26.
- ^ Cf. Tom Cruise: An Unauthorized Biography, page 47
- ^ "Risky Business – Rotten Tomatoes".
- ^ Go Figure, Entertainment Weekly, December 30, 1994.
- ^ a b c d Awards for Tom Cruise at IMDb
- ^ http://boxofficemojo.com/people/chart/?view=Actor&id=tomcruise.htm
- ^ "Tom Cruise Movies, News, and Pictures on Rotten Tomatoes". Rottentomatoes.com. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
- ^ http://boxofficemojo.com/people/chart/?id=tomcruise.htm
- ^ "Mission: Impossible III (2006)". Boxofficemojo.com. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
- ^ "Valkyrie (2008)". Box Office Mojo. April 16, 2009. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
- ^ "Tom Cruise – Box Office Data Movie Star". The-numbers.com. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
- ^ "Knight and Day". Knightanddaymovie.com. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
- ^ "Cruise to star in 'Mission: Impossible 4' – Entertainment – Access Hollywood". MSNBC. February 9, 2010. Retrieved July 31, 2010.
- ^ "Tom Cruise wins humanitarian award". ITN. May 7, 2011. Retrieved May 9, 2011.
- ^ Template:IMDb company
- ^ Epstein, Edward Jay. "Tom Cruise Inc. – By Edward Jay Epstein – Slate Magazine". Slate.com. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
{{cite web}}
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and|last=
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- ^ "CNN: Paramount Pictures cuts ties with Tom Cruise". CNN. August 23, 2006. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
- ^ "Sumner Redstone Rebuke of Tom Cruise: Now What?". National Ledger. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
- ^ Lieberman, David (August 24, 2006). "Cruise seeks financial backing from hedge funds". USA Today. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
- ^ The Financial Times: Paramount vs. Cruise: all down the killer cut by Edward Jay Epstein
- ^ Nicole Sperling (August 24, 2006). "Biz eyeing economics of Cruise-Par breakup: DVD slowdown forcing restraint". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 8, 2009. [dead link]
- ^ Tom Cruise Takes on Adolf Hitler. March 21, 2007.
- ^ Paula Wagner plans to step down at United Artists, an August 2008 article from the Los Angeles Times
- ^ TCM biography of De Mornay
- ^ "Yahoo biography of De Mornay". Sg.movies.yahoo.com. Retrieved June 5, 2011.
- ^ "Cruise Control". Vh1. May 27, 2005. Retrieved June 5, 2011.
- ^ "MovieMotel biography of De Mornay". Moviemotel.com. Retrieved June 5, 2011.
- ^ Masters, Kim (2005). "The Passion of Tom Cruise". Radar.
{{cite journal}}
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ignored (help) as excerpted by Radar at RadarOnline.com - ^ "News Home". Eonline.com. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
- ^ "BBC NEWS , Entertainment , Film , Cruise and Cruz end relationship". News.bbc.co.uk. Last Updated:. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
{{cite news}}
: Check date values in:|date=
(help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ César G. Soriano "Tom, Katie flying high on romance" USA Today. May 5, 2005.
- ^ Jason Lynch et alia. "Truly, Madly, Deeply", People, June 6, 2005.
- ^ Ryan E. Smith. "Baby frenzy begins: Katie Holmes and Tom Cruise are expecting their first child together". The Blade
- ^ Soriano, César G (November 20, 2006). "Mr. and Mrs. TomKat: Inside their fairy-tale wedding". USA Today. Retrieved February 12, 2008.
- "Cruise, Holmes exchange vows in castle: Mr. and Mrs. TomKat depart on their honeymoon", The Blade (Toledo, Ohio). November 19, 2006.
- ^ Maria Sanminiatelli. "Now they are one: The TomKat is officially united at long last". Orlando Sentinel. November 19, 2006.
- ^ "Cruise and Holmes go on honeymoon". BBC News. November 19, 2006. Retrieved February 10, 2007.
- ^ "The Power LIst 2006". Premiere. June 2006. Retrieved July 29, 2008.
- ^ "The Power List 2006 – 13) Tom Cruise". Premiere. June 2006.
- ^ "Tom Cruise ranked 1 among The Top 100 Celebrities In 2006". Forbes. May 1, 2007. Retrieved May 1, 2007.
- ^ "Paramount Drops Cruise". San Diego Union-Tribune. August 23, 2006. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
- ^ "Tom Cruise Day". Hollywood.com. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
- ^ "Cruise and Kidman win libel case". BBC News, October 29, 1998. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
- ^ "Cruise wins 'gay' claims legal battle", BBC News, January 16, 2003.
- ^ "Cruise gay claims dropped", BBC News, December 1, 2001.
- ^ "Hollywood Egomaniac Threatens Beast Over Alleged 'Need for Speed'". The Beast, Issue #73, April 20 – May 4, 2005. Retrieved July 27, 2009.
- ^ Arbitration and Mediation Center (July 5, 2006). "WIPO Domain Name Decision: D2006-0560". Arbiter.wipo.int. Retrieved August 8, 2009.
- ^ Waxman, Sharon (June 2, 2005). "How Personal Is Too Personal for a Star Like Tom Cruise?". The New York Times. Retrieved August 26, 2006.
- ^ Susie Dent (October 4, 2007). The language report. Oxford University Press. p. 22. ISBN 9780199233885. Retrieved December 25, 2010.
- ^ "'Jump the couch' is top gun of slang in '05".
- ^ "Language Monitor The Top Ten Phrases of 2005".
- ^ "Top 10 Film Industry News Stories of 2005: #5: Tom Cruise's Crazy Year". Boxofficeprophets.com. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
- ^ "The 'O' Show". Sesame Street. Retrieved October 3, 2010.
- ^ Geier, Thom; Jensen, Jeff; Jordan, Tina; Lyons, Margaret; Markovitz, Adam; Nashawaty, Chris; Pastorek, Whitney; Rice, Lynette; Rottenberg, Josh; Schwartz, Missy; Slezak, Michael; Snierson, Dan; Stack, Tim; Stroup, Kate; Tucker, Ken; Vary, Adam B.; Vozick-Levinson, Simon; Ward, Kate (December 11, 2009), "The 100 Greatest Movies, TV Shows, Albums, Books, Characters, Scenes, Episodes, Songs, Dresses, Music Videos, and Trends That Entertained Us over the Past 10 Years". Entertainment Weekly. (1079/1080):74–84
- ^ Tapper, James (January 7, 2008). "Diana author names Tom Cruise as 'World Number Two in Scientology'". Daily Mail. Retrieved 2011-1-5.
- ^ Cruise lobbies over Scientology BBC News
- ^ "Cruise credits Scientology for his success". MSNBC. May 24, 2005. Retrieved May 11, 2008.
- ^ Paris snubs Scientology 'militant' Cruise Irish Examiner
- ^ Tom Cruise ne sera pas citoyen d'honneur de Paris (In French)
- ^ Scientologist's Treatments Lure Firefighters, Michelle O'Donnell, NY Times, October 4, 2003
- ^ Friedman, Roger (December 22, 2006). "Tom Cruise Can't Put Out These Fires". Fox 411. Fox News Channel. Retrieved December 30, 2006.
- ^ "In tense moment, Cruise calls Lauer 'glib'" msnbc.com. (June 28, 2005)
- ^ Pemberton, Max (April 17, 2006). "Alien soul theory is no cure for depression". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
- ^ Thelancet, (July 9, 2005). "Psychotropic drugs: unhelpful and helpful comments". The Lancet. 366 (9480): 96. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66841-9. PMID 16010708.
{{cite journal}}
:|access-date=
requires|url=
(help)CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ Shields, Brooke (July 1, 2005). "War of Words". New York Times. Retrieved January 20, 2009.
- ^ "Shields: Cruise apology was 'heartfelt'". USA Today. Associated Press. September 2, 2006. Retrieved June 20, 2011.
{{cite news}}
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ignored (help) - ^ Warne, Dan (January 24, 2008). "'Anonymous' threatens to 'dismantle' Church of Scientology via internet". APC Magazine. National Nine News. Retrieved January 25, 2008.
- ^ a b KNBC Staff (January 24, 2008). "Hacker Group Declares War On Scientology: Group Upset Over Church's Handling Of Tom Cruise Video". KNBC. Retrieved January 25, 2008.
- ^ Fox News staff (January 23, 2008). "Report: Church of Scientology Slams German Tabloid for Publishing Comments Comparing Tom Cruise to Nazi Minister". Fox News. Retrieved January 25, 2008.
- ^ Vamosi, Robert (January 24, 2008). "Anonymous hackers take on the Church of Scientology". CNET News. CNET Networks, Inc. Retrieved January 25, 2008.
- ^ By (November 6, 2005). "Cruise will go with pro – Entertainment News, Film News, Media – Variety". Variety. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
- ^ Entertainment.tv.yahoo.com[dead link]
- ^ Edward Helmore (June 5, 2005). "Focus: What's eating Tom Cruise? , World news , The Observer". The Observer. UK. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
- ^ "ABC News: Is Tom's Love Life Cruisin' for a Bruisin'?". Abcnews.go.com. Retrieved October 31, 2008.
External links
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- Articles with dead external links from October 2008
- Ill-formatted IPAc-en transclusions
- 1962 births
- 20th-century actors
- 21st-century actors
- Actors from New York
- American people of English descent
- American people of German descent
- American expatriates in Canada
- American film actors
- American film producers
- American people of Irish descent
- American Scientologists
- Best Drama Actor Golden Globe (film) winners
- Best Musical or Comedy Actor Golden Globe (film) winners
- Best Supporting Actor Golden Globe (film) winners
- Converts from Roman Catholicism
- Living people
- People from Syracuse, New York