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"The New 52"
Cover of DC Comics: The New 52 #1, July 2011.
PublisherDC Comics
Publication dateAugust 31, 2011 – present
Genre
Main character(s)Justice League, DC Universe
Creative team
Writer(s)Various
Artist(s)Various
DC Comics: The New 52ISBN 1-4012-3451-8

The New 52 is a 2011 revamp and relaunch by DC Comics of its entire line of ongoing monthly superhero books, in which all of its existing titles were cancelled, and 52 new series debuted in September 2011 with new #1 issues.[1] Among the series being renumbered are Action Comics and Detective Comics, which had previously retained their original numbering since the 1930s. Touted as a large publishing event following the conclusion of the "Flashpoint" crossover storyline, DC's relaunch entails changes to both the publishing format and fictional universe to entice new readers.[2] Publishing changes include same day release of physical comics with digital platforms, all DC Universe titles being cancelled and restarted at a new issue 1,[3] the former Wildstorm imprint being absorbed into the DC Universe, and new titles being released to bring the number of ongoing series being published on a monthly basis up to 52. A number of in-universe changes are intended to make characters more modern and accessible, though the scope of the changes varies from character to character.[4]

Publication history

Jim Lee and Geoff Johns at the August 31, 2011 midnight signing for Flashpoint #5 and Justice League #1 at Midtown Comics Times Square.

Following the conclusion of the Flashpoint limited series, all DC titles were cancelled and relaunched with new #1 issues.[5] The new continuity features new outfits and backstories for many of DC's long established heroes and villains. An interview with DC Comics executive editor Eddie Berganza and editor-in-chief Bob Harras reveals that the new continuity does not constitute a full reboot of the DC Universe but rather a "soft reboot". While many characters underwent a reboot or revamp, much of the DC Universe's history has remained intact. Many major storylines such as Blackest Night, Brightest Day, Identity Crisis, Batman: A Death in the Family and Batman: The Killing Joke are still a part of DC continuity. DC editorial has also constructed a timeline that details the new history and which storylines to keep or ignore.[6]

Each first issue included interviews with select New 52 writers, discussing what they hope to bring to the new comics.

On August 31, 2011, Midtown Comics Times Square held a midnight event in which they began selling Justice League #1 and Flashpoint #5. On hand to sign the books were DC Chief Creative Officer Geoff Johns, who is the writer on both titles, and Co-Publisher and writer/artist Jim Lee, who is the illustrator on Justice League.[1][7]

Changes to the DC Universe

Scott Snyder and Ivan Brandon at a September 21, 2011 signing for Batman #1 and Men of War #1 at Midtown Comics.

In late July, DC released The New 52, a free preview book giving solicitations and previews of all of the new titles launching from August 31. Notable changes shown include Superman's two new looks (one consisting of jeans, a blue T-shirt with the iconic "S" logo and a cape, and another in battle armor resembling his classic costume), and the introduction of the Wildstorm Universe characters into the DC Universe, with Martian Manhunter as a part of the new Stormwatch team in the relaunched Stormwatch series.[8]

Justice League was the first book of the relaunch. Geoff Johns and Dan DiDio revealed that the first story arc takes place five years prior to the present, during the dawn of superheroes, and details the first meeting of the Justice League members.[6]

The initial run of first issues show a universe in which superheroes have only appeared within in the past five years, and are viewed with at best, suspicion, and at worst, outright hostility, with Batman pursued by the Gotham police while on the trail of an alien, revealed to be an agent of Darkseid.[9] While running from the police, he teams with Green Lantern.[10] Superman is being hounded by General Sam Lane and Doctor Lex Luthor.[11] Some people, such as the United Nations, seek to exploit the superheroes by putting Booster Gold in charge of the newly-formed Justice League International.[12]

Various other changes have occurred. The Tamaraneans' view of Earth has been changed, while Starfire has had an altered origin and a personality change.[13] In the Batgirl title, Barbara Gordon has recovered from the paralysis inflicted upon her by the Joker's bullet in The Killing Joke, and has returned to fighting crime as Batgirl.[14]

Reception

Sales

Pre-orders for Justice League #1 exceeded 200,000 copies.[15] Justice League #1 has been sent back to press at least four times and all of the New 52's first issue titles sold out by September 24, 2011.[16] For the month of September 2011, DC had 8 of the top 10 comic books for the month, in spite of Marvel's heavily publicised replacement Ultimate Spider-Man, Miles Morales launching the same month.[17]

Justice League #1 is currently the top-selling DC comic of 2011.[18]

Writer Warren Ellis was unimpressed with the relaunch's sales, stating that it garnered DC a half-point lead in dollar share and a five-point lead in units sold over Marvel Comics. Ellis also pointed out that the units DC sold are returnable.[19]

Columnist Heidi MacDonald stated that while the market share comparisons are correct, the sales figures for single issue books do not take into account the fact that returnable comics are downgraded by approximately 10%, and that DC's sales are about that amount lower than the actual sales, in order to allow for potential returns. MacDonald opined that while the sellouts and reprintings make returns unlikely, the sales will remain 10% lower throughout the books' returnability period, which will last through December, and that actual sales will be adjusted for this factor in Diamond Comic Distributors' end of year figures.[20]

Writer and ComicMix columnist Glenn Hauman wrote that relying solely on Diamond's numbers, to the exclusion of newsstand, overseas and digital sales, does not provide a complete measure of the relaunch's success. Hauman emphasized that the long-term availability of infinite digital editions will mean that sales will continue on the books for weeks and months afterwards, and that the market share for that market is uncertain.[21]

However, DC have remained dominant up until April, when the launch of Marvel's big summer event Avengers vs. X-Men caused them to take the top slot for the first time in seven months, having previously had their titles outsold by Aquaman.[22]

Critical reception

Forbes, The New York Times and the A.V. Club have seen the New 52 as a good editorial move from DC.[23][24][25] The Christian Science Monitor's Rich Clabaugh has cited the relaunched Action Comics and Detective Comics as the strongest of the first week's releases.[26]

In terms of the books themselves, Keith Phipps and Oliver Sava of The A.V. Club praised the art in Justice League #1, but thought its writing and structure was a weak point.[27] In all, the two reviewers named O.M.A.C., Captain Atom, Animal Man and Wonder Woman their favorite books of the relaunch.[24] They also singled out Batman for high praise,[28] and also both enjoyed Action Comics, Swamp Thing,[29] Batwoman, Frankenstein Agent Of S.H.A.D.E., Demon Knights, Batman and Robin,[30][28] Nightwing,[28] Aquaman, The Flash, All Star Western and Voodoo.[24] However, they both disliked Detective Comics, Hawk & Dove,[29] Legion Lost, Red Lanterns,[30] Legion Of Super-Heroes, DC Universe Presents: Deadman,[28] Superman, Batman: The Dark Knight, The Fury Of Firestorm: The Nuclear Men and The Savage Hawkman.[24] On the remaining titles, the reviewers were either split, or exhibited mixed reactions ranging from indifference to cautious optimism or curiosity.

Accusations of sexism

Lack of female creators

During a panel at San Diego Comic Con 2011, DC Comics co-publisher Dan DiDio was asked by a fan about the drop of female creators on DC titles from 12% to 1%. DiDio responded:

"What do those numbers mean to you? What do they mean to you? Who should we be hiring? Tell me right now. Who should we be hiring right now? Tell me."[31]

In an editorial responding to DiDio, ComicsAlliance editor-in-chief Laura Hudson wrote, "Women are half of the world, and a significant percentage of the DC Comics character stable, and yet only 1% of their creators. And the way that you treat and represent half of the people in your world—and by extension, half of the people in the real world who might potentially buy your books—should be more than a marginal concern."[32]

On July 29, 2011, DC released a letter addressing the lack of female creators on their official blog, highlighting notable female creators currently being published by them and promising more in the future.[33] Hudson called the letter "an enormous and very positive departure from how DC Comics has dealt with controversies about gender and race in the past, which was almost uniformly not to comment", adding "While it remains to be seen what sort of meaningful changes in either attitudes or hiring practices will follow, it certainly leaves me feeling more optimistic than I have in some time, or maybe ever."[34]

Portrayal of female characters

DC has also received criticism for its handling of certain female characters during the relaunch, sparking discussion of exploitative overtones in titles such as Catwoman #1 and Red Hood and the Outlaws #1. Laura Hudson of ComicsAlliance and Andrew Wheeler of Bleeding Cool criticized the relaunch for oversexualized characterization of its female characters, such as Catwoman, Harley Quinn, Starfire and Voodoo, and for cancelling books with female leads like Power Girl, and relegating the star of that series to the status of Mister Terrific's girlfriend.[35][36] Keith Phipps and Oliver Sava agreed with the observations of Catwoman and Red Hood and the Outlaws, but opined that Voodoo was a positive example how to incorporate a female character's sexuality as a relevant aspect of the story without appearing exploitative.[28] Wheeler also complained that retconning Barbara Gordon's paralysis as a temporary injury from which she recovered,[37] and restoring her as Batgirl, to the exclusion of Cassandra Cain and Stephanie Brown, made the DC Universe less diverse and inclusive.[36]

Titles

First Wave

Justice League

These are titles featuring characters related to the Justice League.[38][39]

Batman

Much of Batman's history and timeline remains intact. With the exception of Stephanie Brown, all of the Robins have been accounted for and Barbara Gordon has spent time as Oracle, recently returning as Batgirl. The stories build on recent developments, and Bruce Wayne is again the only Batman.[43]

Superman

These titles feature the "Superman Family" of characters. Superman's marriage with Lois Lane never happened, he is a bachelor, and his adoptive parents Jonathan and Martha Kent have died. Storylines will emphasize his alien nature and how it isolates him from humanity.[48][49][50]

Action Comics' first story arc details Superman's rebooted history, while Superman features his present adventures. Superman's new costume is explained as a ceremonial battle armor that pays tribute to his Kryptonian past.[52] Superboy's history was intended to have much of it intact with the character kidnapped by N.O.W.H.E.R.E. for reverse engineering. However, writer Scott Lobdell points out that much of the character's backstory that was tied to Superman's backstory were erased when the changes to Superman were made.[53][54]

Green Lantern

The Green Lantern line is not undergoing a reboot. The new storyline instead builds on the aftermath of War of the Green Lanterns. Sinestro becomes a Green Lantern again after taking Hal Jordan's ring, Abin Sur's connection to the Indigo Tribe will be explained, and Kyle Rayner will headline a new team whose members represent each light of the emotional spectrum.[55][56]

Young Justice

These titles feature teenaged characters whose books do not fall into the other groups of titles.[59][60]

The Edge

These are war, science fiction, western, or crime comics, including titles formerly belonging to the WildStorm imprint.[61]

The Dark

This is the billing given to the more supernatural comics, an area that in recent years had been covered more by the Vertigo imprint.[66]

DC Universe Presents

  • DC Universe Presents is a series presenting multi-issue stories about different DC characters, each by a different creative team.

Second Wave

On January 12, 2012, DC announced that after their eighth issues, Blackhawks, Hawk and Dove, Men of War, Mister Terrific, O.M.A.C., and Static Shock would be cancelled and replaced with six new titles. The event is dubbed as the Second Wave and is set to reveal more of the post-"Flashpoint" DC Universe.[76] Batman Incorporated was previously absent from the initial line up of Batman titles and will continue Grant Morrison's storyline involving a conflict between Batman and Talia al Ghul.[77]

Third Wave

Other titles

Since the relaunch, DC has released a number of miniseries that are part of the "New 52" continuity but not counted amongst the official fifty-two titles. These include The Ray, by Jimmy Palmiotti and Justin Gray; The Huntress, by Paul Levitz, Marcos To and John Dell; Penguin: Pain and Prejudice by Gregg Hurwitz and Szymon Kudranski; [82] Legion: Secret Origin by Paul Levitz, Chris Batista and Marc Deering;[83] T.H.U.N.D.E.R. Agents by Nick Spencer and Wes Craig;[84] The Shade by James Robinson and Cully Hamner[85] and Phantom Lady by Justin Gray, Jimmy Palmiotti, Cat Staggs and Rich Perotta.[86]

On April 6, 2012, DC announced a revival of the anthology title, National Comics, to be launched in July 2012 and to expand upon the post-"Flashpoint" universe by presenting multi-issue stories about different DC characters, starting with Kid Eternity, each by a different creative team.[87]

Cancelled titles

International releases

The first New 52 stories to be printed in the UK were in issue 43 of DC Universe Presents, released on December 2, 2011.

Collected editions

All fifty-two number ones were collected into a single hardcover volume, DC Comics The New 52, and other series will be collected as hardcovers, while others are going straight to trade paperbacks:[94]

Title Page count Material collected Publication date ISBN
Animal Man, Volume 1: The Hunt TP 144 Animal Man (2011) #1–6 5/2/2012 ISBN 1-4012-3507-7
Aquaman, Volume 1: The Trench HC 144 Aquaman (2011) #1–6 9/11/2012 ISBN 1-4012-3551-4
Batgirl, Volume 1: The Darkest Reflection HC 144 Batgirl (2011) #1–8 7/11/2012 ISBN 1-4012-3475-5
Batman, Volume 1: The Court of Owls HC 176 Batman (2011) #1–7 5/9/2012 ISBN 1-4012-3541-7
Batman: Detective Comics, Volume 1: Faces of Death HC 176 Detective Comics (2011) #1–7 June 6, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3466-6
Batman & Robin, Volume 1: Born to Kill HC 192 Batman & Robin (2011) #1–8 7/4/2012 ISBN 1-4012-3487-9
Batman: The Dark Knight, Volume 1: Knight Terrors HC 208 Batman: The Dark Knight (2011) #1–9 10/3/2012
Batwing Vol. 1: The Lost Kingdom TP 144 Batwing (2011) #1–6 July 18, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3476-3
Batwoman, Volume 1: Hydrology HC 160 Batwoman (2011) #0-5 June 13, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3465-8
Birds of Prey, Volume 1: Trouble in Mind TP 160 Birds of Prey (2011) #1–7 9/12/2012 ISBN 1-4012-3699-5
Catwoman, Volume 1: The Game TP 144 Catwoman (2011) #1–6 May 16, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3464-X
DC Comics The New 52 HC 1,216 Action Comics (2011) #1, All-Star Western (2011) #1, Animal Man (2011) #1, Aquaman (2011) #1, Batgirl (2011) #1, Batman (2011) #1, Batman and Robin (2011) #1, Batman: The Dark Knight (2011) #1, Batwing (2011) #1, Batwoman (2011) #1, Birds of Prey (2011) #1, Blackhawks (2011) #1, Blue Beetle (2011) #1, Captain Atom (2011) #1, Catwoman (2011) #1, DC Comics Presents (2011) #1, Deathstroke (2011) #1, Demon Knight (2011) #1, Detective Comics (2011) #1, Flash (2011) #1, Frankenstein: Agent of S.H.A.D.E. (2011) #1, Fury of Firestorm (2011) #1, Green Arrow (2011) #1, Green Lantern (2011) #1, Green Lantern Corps (2011) #1, Green Lantern: New Guardians (2011) #1, Grifter (2011) #1, Hawk and Dove (2011) #1, I, Vampire (2011) #1, Justice League (2011) #1, Justice League Dark (2011) #1, Justice League International (2011) #1, Legion Lost (2011) #1, Legion of Super-Heroes (2011) #1, Men of War (2011) #1, Mister Terrific (2011) #1, Nightwing (2011) #1, OMAC (2011) #1, Red Hood and the Outsiders (2011) #1, Red Lanterns (2011) #1, Resurrection Man (2011) #1, Savage Hawkman (2011) #1, Static Shock (2011) #1, Stormwatch (2011) #1, Suicide Squad (2011) #1, Superboy (2011) #1, Supergirl (2011) #1, Superman (2011) #1, Swamp Thing (2011) #1, Teen Titans (2011) #1, Voodoo (2011) #1, Wonder Woman (2011) #1 December 14, 2011 ISBN 1-4012-3451-8
DC Comics The New 52 Presents The Dark #1 96 Animal Man (2011) #1, Justice League Dark (2011) #1, I, Vampire (2011) #1 and Swamp Thing (2011) #1 1/4/2012 n/a
Deathstroke, Volume 1: Legacy TP 192 Deathstroke (2011) #1–8 August 8, 2012
Demon Knights, Volume 1: Seven Against the Dark TP 160 Demon Knights (2011) #1–7 7/11/2012 ISBN 1-4012-3472-0
The Flash, Volume 1: Move Forward HC 192 The Flash (2011) #1–8 November 14, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3553-0
Frankenstein Agent of S.H.A.D.E., Volume 1: War of the Monsters TP 160 Frankenstein, Agent of S.H.A.D.E. (2011) #1–7 June 20, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3471-2
The Fury of Firestorm: The Nuclear Men, Volume 1: The God Particle TP 144 The Fury of Firestorm: The Nuclear Men (2011) #1–6 9/12/2012
Green Arrow, Volume 1: The Midas Touch TP 144 Green Arrow (2011) #1–6 May 30, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3486-0
Green Lantern, Volume 1: Sinestro HC 160 Green Lantern (2011) #1–6 May 16, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3454-2
Green Lantern Corps, Volume 1: Fearsome HC 160 Green Lantern Corps (2011) #1–7 September 19, 2012
Green Lantern: New Guardians, Volume 1: The Ring Bearer HC 160 Green Lantern: New Guardians (2011) #1–7 October 17, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3707-X
Grifter, Volume 1: Most Wanted TP 192 Grifter (2011) #1–8 July 25, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3497-6
Hawk and Dove, Volume 1: First Strikes TP 192 Hawk and Dove (2011) #1–8 (collects the entire series) August 15, 2012
Justice League, Volume 1: Origin HC 176 Justice League (2011) #1–6 5/2/2012 ISBN 1-4012-3461-5
Justice League Dark, Volume 1: In The Dark TP 144 Justice League Dark (2011) #1–6 October 17, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3704-5
Justice League International, Volume 1: Signal Masters TP 144 Justice League International (2011) #1–6 5/9/2012 ISBN 1-4012-3534-4
Legion Lost, Volume 1: Run From Tomorrow TP 168 Legion Lost (2011) #1–7 September 19, 2012
Legion of Super Heroes, Volume 1: Hostile World TP 160 Legion of Super-Heroes (2011) #1–7 June 27, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3501-8
Men of War, Volume 1: Uneasy Company TP 256 Men of War (2011) #1–8 (collects the entire series) July 18, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3499-2
Mister Terrific, Volume 1: Mind Games TP 192 Mister Terrific (2011) #1–8 (collects the entire series) June 13, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3500-X
Nightwing, Volume 1: Traps and Trapezes TP 160 Nightwing (2011) #1–7 October 17, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3705-3
O.M.A.C., Volume 1: Omactivate TP 192 O.M.A.C. (2011) #1–8 (collects the entire series) August 8, 2012
Red Hood and the Outlaws, Volume 1: Redemption TP 160 Red Hood and the Outlaws (2011) #1–7 November 14, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3712-6
Red Lanterns, Volume 1: Blood and Rage TP 160 Red Lanterns (2011) #1–7 June 6, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3491-7
Resurrection Man, Volume 1: Dead Again TP 160 Resurrection Man (2011) #1–8 August 29, 2012
Static Shock, Volume 1: Supercharged TP 192 Static Shock (2011) #1–8 (collects the entire series) June 20, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3484-4
Stormwatch, Volume 1: The Dark Side TP 144 Stormwatch (2011) #1–6 May 23, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3483-6
Suicide Squad, Volume 1: Kicked in the Teeth TP 160 Suicide Squad (2011) #1–7 7/4/2012 ISBN 1-4012-3544-1
Superboy, Volume 1: Incubation TP 160 Superboy (2011) #1–7 8/1/2012
Supergirl, Volume 1: Last Daughter of Krypton TP 160 Supergirl (2011) #1–7 October 24, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3680-4
Superman: Action Comics, Volume 1: Superman and the Men of Steel HC 256 Action Comics (2011) #1–8 8/1/2012 ISBN 1-4012-3546-8
Swamp Thing, Volume 1: Raise Them Bones TP 160 Swamp Thing (2011) #1–7 August 22, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3462-3
Teen Titans, Volume 1: It's Our Right to Fight TP 168 Teen Titans (2011) #1–7 9/5/2012 ISBN 1-4012-3698-7
Voodoo, Volume 1: What Lies Beneath TP 144 Voodoo (2011) #1–6 September 26, 2012
Wonder Woman, Volume 1: Blood HC 160 Wonder Woman (2011) #1–6 May 30, 2012 ISBN 1-4012-3563-8

See also

  • DC Implosion, a 1978 event in which, just as in 2011, DC cancelled or reformatted many of its titles, although not for the purposes of rebooting the fictional universe.

References

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  3. ^ One title featuring DC Universe characters but not set in the standard continuity, DC Universe Online: Legends, is not affected by the rebooting/renumbering.
  4. ^ Siegel, Lucas (May 31, 2011). "DC UNIVERSE Reboots in September". Newsarama.
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