1310s in England
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Events from the 1310s in England.
Incumbents
Monarch – Edward II
Events
- 1310
- 16 March – King Edward II agrees to the election of a committee of twenty-one barons as "Lord Ordainers" to reform the government.[1]
- October – English army raids southern Scotland, but fails to reach the north.[1]
- The first purpose-built accommodation for students (Mob Quad) completed in Merton College, Oxford.
- 1311
- 29 July – remaining Knights Templar in England are dispersed to do penance.[2]
- 16 August – Parliament presents the Ordinances of 1311 to the King (document dated 5 October; published on 11 October); these substitute the Lord Ordainers for the King as the effective government of the country.[1]
- Scottish forces under Robert the Bruce raid Northumberland and burn Corbridge.[1]
- Bolingbroke Castle passes to the House of Lancaster.
- Completion of Lincoln Cathedral; with the spire reaching around 525 feet (160 m),[3] it becomes the world's tallest structure (surpassing the Great Pyramid of Giza, which held the record for almost 4,000 years), a record it holds until the spire is blown down in 1549.
- Construction of Melbourne Castle begins.
- 1312
- January – Edward II moves his court to York and prepares to fight rebellious barons.[1]
- 19 June – Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, leader of rebels, orders the execution of royal favourite Piers Gaveston.[1]
- Scottish forces under Robert the Bruce raid as far as Durham.[1]
- 22 December – Earl of Lancaster and his supporters refuse an offer of pardon from Edward II.[1]
- Walter of Guisborough writes Cronica, a history of England from 1066.[1]
- 1313
- 13 January – Robert the Bruce expels English troops from Perth, Scotland.[4]
- 20 May – Ordinance of the Staple establishes specific depots through which the English wool trade to Europe must pass.[1]
- 28 May – Thomas Cobham elected to the Archbishopric of Canterbury.
- 1 October – Pope Clement V dismisses the election of Thomas Cobham to the Archbishopric of Canterbury having been petitioned to do so by King Edward II. Walter Reynolds enthroned as the Archbishop.
- October – Edward II pardons rebellious barons after they publicly apologise.[1]
- Robert the Bruce retakes the Isle of Man from the English.[4]
- 1314
- 4 April – Exeter College, Oxford founded by Walter de Stapledon, Bishop of Exeter.
- May – English forces enter Scotland intending to break the Scottish siege of Stirling Castle.[1]
- 24 June – Battle of Bannockburn: Scottish forces led by Robert the Bruce defeat Edward II of England,[5] securing de facto independence for Scotland.[6] Stirling Castle is surrendered to the Scots, who raid England as far south as Yorkshire.[1]
- June–September – Welsh revolt in Glamorgan.
- Completion of Old St Paul's Cathedral in London.
- Ban on the playing of violent ball games (precursors of football) is instituted and widely ignored.[1]
- 1315
- February – Earl of Lancaster takes control of administration, removing the last of the King's supporters from the Royal Council.[1]
- 26 May – opening of Bruce campaign in Ireland by Edward Bruce, partly intended to create a second front in the First War of Scottish Independence against England.[7]
- 25 October – Adam Banastre, Henry de Lea and William Bradshaw attack Liverpool Castle.
- The Borough of Liverpool, along with Liverpool Castle, is granted to Robert de Holland.
- Widespread famine after heavy rain destroys the harvest; lasts until 1317.[1]
- 1316
- 28 January – Welsh revolt against English rule in Glamorgan led by Llywelyn Bren breaks out with an attack on Caerphilly Castle.
- February – Earl of Lancaster becomes Chief Councillor to Edward II, who confirms the Ordinances of 1311.[1]
- 18 March – Llywelyn Bren surrenders to Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, at Ystradfellte.
- 1317
- April – Baron Roger Mortimer, newly appointed Justiciar of Ireland drives Scottish raiders back to the north of Ireland.[1]
- 1318
- 8 April – Berwick-upon-Tweed is retaken by the Scottish from the English.[4]
- 9 August – Treaty of Leake between Edward II and Earl of Lancaster, agreeing on control of administration.[1]
- 14 October – Anglo-Irish forces defeat a Scots-Irish army at the Battle of Faughart in Ireland. Edward Bruce, brother of Robert the Bruce, is killed in the battle.[4]
- Hugh Despenser the Younger has Llywelyn Bren hanged, drawn and quartered at Cardiff Castle without authority.
- 1319
- 20 September
- A siege of Berwick-upon-Tweed to recapture it from the Scottish occupation is abandoned.[4]
- First War of Scottish Independence: Scottish victory at the Battle of Myton.[1]
- 20 September
Births
- 1310/15
- 24 June – Philippa of Hainault, Queen consort of Edward III of England (died 1369)
- 1310
- 29 November – John de Mowbray, 3rd Baron Mowbray (died 1361)
- 1312
- 13 November – King Edward III of England (died 1377)
- Approximate date – William de Bohun, 1st Earl of Northampton, military leader (died 1360)
- 1313
- 20 July – John Tiptoft, 2nd Baron Tibetot (died 1367)
- 1317
- Michael de Poynings, 1st Baron Poynings, knight (died 1369)
- 1318
- 8 June – Eleanor of Woodstock, eldest daughter of King Edward II of England, Duchess consort of Guelders (died 1355)
- 11 September – Eleanor of Lancaster, noblewoman (died 1372)
- 1319
- 20 March – Laurence Hastings, 1st Earl of Pembroke (died 1348)
- John Twenge, prior of Bridlington, canonized (died 1379)
Deaths
- 1311
- Antony Bek, bishop of Durham (year of birth unknown)
- 1312
- 19 June – Piers Gaveston, favourite of Edward II of England (born c. 1284)
- 1313
- 11 May – Robert Winchelsey, Archbishop of Canterbury (born c. 1245)
- John Schorne, rector of North Marston in the county of Buckinghamshire (year of birth unknown)
- 1314
- Henry de Bohun, killed by Robert the Bruce during the Battle of Bannockburn
- Gilbert de Clare, 8th Earl of Gloucester, killed during English defeat at the Battle of Bannockburn (born 1291)
- Robert de Clifford, 1st Baron de Clifford, killed during English defeat at the Battle of Bannockburn (born 1274)
- 1315
- 10 August – Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick, nobleman (year of birth unknown)
- 1316
- 5 May – Elizabeth of Rhuddlan, daughter of King Edward I (born 1282)
- 1318
- 14 February – Marguerite of France, queen of Edward I of England (born c.1279)
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 95–98. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ Nicholson, Helen J. (2009). The Knights Templar on Trial: The Trial of the Templars in the British Isles, 1308-11. Stroud: The History Press. pp. 186–7. ISBN 978-0-7509-4681-0.
- ^ "Lincoln Cathedral". Skyscraper News. 2009-08-25. Retrieved 2012-02-22.
- ^ a b c d e Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 155–157. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- ^ Brown, Michael (2008). Bannockburn: the Scottish War and the British Isles, 1307-1323. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-3332-6.
- ^ Mac Annaidh, Séamas, ed. (2001). Illustrated Dictionary of Irish History. Dublin: Gill and Macmillan. ISBN 0717135365.