Southern Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms)

Southern Liang (南涼) 西平 (397), 武威 (397–401), 河西 (401–404), 涼 (408–414)
397–404, 408–414
Status	Vassal of Later Qin
Capital	Lianchuan (397–399) Ledu (399, 402–406, 410–414) Xiping (399–402) Guzang (406–410)
Government	Monarchy
Prince
• 397–399	Tufa Wugu
• 399–402	Tufa Lilugu
• 402–414	Tufa Nutan
Preceded by Succeeded by Later Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms) Western Qin Northern Liang
Today part of	China

The Southern Liang (Chinese: 南涼; pinyin: Nán Liáng; 397–404, 408–414) was a dynastic state of China listed as one of the Sixteen Kingdoms in Chinese historiography. Members of the ruling Tufa clan were of Xianbei ethnicity and distant relatives of the Tuoba imperial house of the Northern Wei dynasty. According to the Book of Jin, the surname of the ruling house was changed from Tuoba to Tufa because one of the Tufa ancestors was born on a blanket, and in the Xianbei language, "Tufa" meant "blanket."

All rulers of the Southern Liang proclaimed themselves wang (king).

In 414 Southern Liang was conquered by the Xianbei-led Western Qin dynasty.

Rulers of the Southern Liang

Temple name	Posthumous name	Personal name	Durations of reign	Era names
Liezu	Wu	Tufa Wugu	397–399	Taichu (太初) 397–399
–	Kang	Tufa Lilugu	399–402	Jianhe (建和) 399–402
–	Jing	Tufa Nutan	402–414	Hongchang (弘昌) 402–404 Jiaping (嘉平) 409–414

The family tree of Southern Liang rulers

Southern Liang
Tufa Sifujian Tufa Wugu 禿髮烏孤 d. 399 Wu 武 r. 397–399 Tufa Lilugu 禿髮利鹿孤 d. 402 Kang 康 r. 399–402 Tufa Rutan 禿髮傉檀 365–415 Jing 景 r. 402–414 Princess Zhejue Qifu Chipan Wenzhao of (Western) Qin r. 412–428 Princess Tufa d. 423 Yuan He 源賀 b. 403–d. 479

See also

• Dunhuang
• Wu Hu
• List of past Chinese ethnic groups
• Qinghai
• Sixteen Kingdoms
• Tuoba
• Xianbei