André Michel Lwoff
André Michel Lwoff | |
|---|---|
 André Lwoff | |
| Born | 8 May 1902 |
| Died | 30 September 1994 (aged 92) |
| Nationality | French |
| Alma mater | Pasteur Institute |
| Known for | Provirus |
| Spouse | Marguerite Lwoff |
| Awards |
|
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Microbiology |
| Institutions | |
André Michel Lwoff (8 May 1902 – 30 September 1994)[1][2][3] was a French microbiologist and Nobel laureate.
Education, early life and career
Lwoff was born in Ainay-le-Château, Allier, in Auvergne, France, the son of Marie (Siminovitch), an artist, and Solomon Lwoff, a psychiatrist.[4] He joined the Institute Pasteur in Paris when he was 19 years old. In 1932, he finished his PhD and, with the help of a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation, moved to the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Medical Research of Heidelberg to Otto Meyerhof, where he did research on the development of flagellates. Another Rockefeller grant allowed him go to the University of Cambridge in 1937. In 1938, he was appointed departmental head at the Institut Pasteur, where he did groundbreaking research on bacteriophages, microbiota and on the poliovirus.
Awards and honors
He was awarded numerous prizes from the French Académie des Sciences, the Grand Prix Charles-Leopold Mayer, the Leeuwenhoek Medal of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1960 and the Keilin Medal of the British Biochemical Society in 1964. He was awarded a Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1965 for the discovery of the mechanism that some viruses (which he named proviruses) use to infect bacteria.[4] Throughout his career he partnered with his wife Marguerite Lwoff although he gained considerably more recognition. Lwoff was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1958.[1]. Lwoff was also president of the FEMS for a term of two years from 1974. The FEMS-Lwoff Award in microbiology is named in his honour. [5]
Personal life
Lwoff was a humanist against capital punishment.[6]
References
- ^ a b c Jacob, F.; Girard, M. (1998). "Andre Michel Lwoff. 8 May 1902-30 September 1994". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 44: 255–263. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1998.0017. ISSN 0080-4606. PMID 11623983.
- ^ Shafrir, E. (1996). "Jacques L. Monod, Francois J. Jacob and Andre M. Lwoff--introducers of new dimensions in cellular genetics and molecular biology". Israel Journal of Medical Sciences. 32 (2): 162. PMID 8631654.
- ^ "André Lwoff - Biography". Nobelprize.org. 1965. Retrieved 2013-05-24.
- ^ a b Sullivan, Walter (1994-10-04). "Andre Lwoff, 92, Biologist, Dies; Shared Nobel for Study of Cells". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2013-05-24.
- ^ "FEMS-Lwoff Award".
- ^ Michel Morange (2005). "What history tells us III. André Lwoff: From protozoology to molecular definition of viruses". p. 593. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
His culture was not limited to biology: André Lwoff was a humanist (Lwoff 1981).
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   | This article about a French biologist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
- 1902 births
- 1994 deaths
- Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine
- French Nobel laureates
- Jewish Nobel laureates
- People from Allier
- Members of the European Molecular Biology Organization
- French humanists
- Jewish humanists
- French Jews
- French microbiologists
- French virologists
- Jewish microbiologists
- Jewish scientists
- Phage workers
- Foreign Members of the Royal Society
- Members of the French Academy of Sciences
- Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
- Leeuwenhoek Medal winners
- Pasteur Institute
- French biologist stubs