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Timeline of the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–1598)

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Japanese invasions of Korea (1592-1598)
Main article: Japanese invasions of Korea (1592-1598)

Pre-war

Year Date Event
1544 Wokou raid Saryang-jin[1]
1555 Wokou raid Joseon[1]
1583 I Sunsin defeats a Jurchen force near the Tumen River[2]
1587 I Sunsin is demoted to a common soldier after annoying I Il[2]
Toyotomi Hideyoshi sends an insulting letter to the Joseon court[3]
1588 Toyotomi Hideyoshi sends envoys asking the Joseon court to aid them in invading the Ming dynasty[4]
1589 Toyotomi Hideyoshi orders Shō Nei of the Ryukyu Kingdom to suspend trade with the Ming dynasty, but he refuses and reports the matter to Ming envoys instead[5]
1590 4 August Siege of Odawara (1590): The Later Hōjō clan is defeated and most of the northern daimyō submit without a fight[6]
August Joseon envoys arrived in Japan[7]
1591 March Envoys return to Joseon and refuse to aid Japan in invading the Ming dynasty[8]
8 March I Sunsin is appointed to the post Left Naval Commander of Jeolla following Ryu Seong-ryong's recommendation[9]
A Chinese trader captured by the Japanese sends a message to Zhejiang stating that 100,000 Japanese troops are being amassed to invade the following year[5]
The Wanli Emperor orders coastal defenses to be strengthened[5]
Joseon sends a request for help to the Ming dynasty[5]
1592 April The Japanese army assembles at Nagoya[10]

1592

Year Date Event
1592 23 May The Japanese First Division under Konishi Yukinaga and Sō Yoshitoshi arrive at Busan[11]
24 May Siege of Busanjin: Japanese First Division takes Busan[12]
Battle of Dadaejin: Japanese First Division takes a neighboring coastal fort[12]
25 May Siege of Dongnae: Japanese First Division takes Dongnae[12]
26 May Japanese First Division takes Yangsan and Miryang[13]
28 May Japanese First Division takes Daegu[13]
Japanese Second Division under Katō Kiyomasa arrives in Busan and takes Ulsan, Gyeongju, Yeongcheon, Sinnyeong, and Gumi[14]
29 May Japanese Third Division under Kuroda Nagamasa arrives west of Busan and takes Gimhae before heading north[14]
3 June Battle of Sangju: Japanese First Division takes Sangju[15]
4 June Japanese Third Division takes Cheongju[16]
5 June Japanese First and Second divisions meet up at Mungyeong[15]
6 June Battle of Chungju: Japanese First Division takes Chungju[17]
8 June Gwanghae is installed as prince[18]
9 June The Joseon royal family departs from Hanseong and the city descends into chaos[18]
11 June Katō Kiyomasa's Second Division crosses the Han River[19]
12 June Japanese First Division takes Hanseong and the Second Division arrives a few hours later[19]
13 June I Sunsin's fleet of 39 warships depart from Yeosu[20]
14 June I Sunsin arrives at Dangpo to rendezevouz with Won Gyun, who doesn't show up[20]
15 June Won Gyun arrives at Dangpo with 4 warships and together they depart for Geoje[20]
16 June Kuroda Nagamasa's Third Division and Ukita Hideie's Eighth Division arrive at Hanseong while the other five divisions have landed at Busan[19]
I Sunsin's fleet reaches Okpo where they find Japanese ships at anchor[20]
The Joseon royal family arrives at Pyeongyang[21]
17 June Battle of Okpo: I Sunsin and Won Gyun defeat a fleet of 50 Japanese transport ships, but split up and return home after receiving news of the fall of Hanseong[22]
18 June I Sunsin arrives back at Yeosu[22]
7 July Battle of Imjin River (1592): The Korean defense is defeated and the three vanguard Japanese divisions cross the river and take Gaeseong[23]
8 July Battle of Sacheon (1592): I Sunsin destroys more than 12 large Japanese ships at Sacheon[24]
9 July Battle of Dangpo: I Sunsin defeats a fleet of 21 Japanese warships[24]
12 July Battle of Danghangpo: I Sunsin's fleet destroys 26 Japanese ships[24]
16 July Konishi Yukinaga arrives at the Daedong River and Kuroda Nagamasa joins him a few days later[25]
18 July The Korean fleet dissolves and each commander heads back to their respective ports to recuperate[26]
19 July Seonjo of Joseon departs from Pyeongyang and heads for Yeongbyeon[27]
24 July Siege of Pyongyang (1592): Japanese First and Third divisions take Pyeongyang[27]
26 July Seonjo of Joseon meets a token force of 1,000 from the Ming dynasty at Gwaksan[28]
30 July Seonjo of Joseon arrives at Uiju with Tai Zhaobian and Shi Ru[29]
July Gwak Jaeu leads a force of 1,000 in resistance against Japanese occupation in the south but later enters government service when he's accused of robbery[30]
7 August Go Gyeong-myeong dies in a failed attack on Japanese held Geumsan[31]
8 August The Ming dynasty decides to dispatch troops to Joseon[28]
10 August I Eokgi joins with I Sunsin at Yeosu to practice naval formations[32]
12 August I Sunsin and I Eokgi rendezvous with Won Gyun at Noryang[33]
14 August Battle of Hansan Island: I Sunsin, I Eokgi, and Won Gyun defeat a Japanese fleet[34]
15 August Battle of Hansan Island:I Sunsin, I Eokgi, and Won Gyun defeat another Japanese fleet at Angolpo[34]
Zhao Chengxun arrives at Uiju with a force of 5,000[28]
23 August Battle of Pyongyang (1592): Zhao Chengxun and Shi Ru attack Pyeongyang and are defeated[35]
August Gim Cheonil entrenches himself on Ganghwa Island[36]
6 September Battle of Cheongju: Jo Heon takes Cheongju[16]
12 September Konishi Yukinaga heads to Hanseong to discuss future defense plans with Ukita Hideie[35]
22 September Jo Heon attacks Geumsan and dies and the monk Yeonggyu follows up soon after and dies as well[37]
29 September I Sunsin and I Eokgi set sail from Yeosu with a reconstructed fleet of 166 ships and Won Gyun joins them the day after[38]
3 October Kuroda Nagamasa fails to take Yeonan[37]
4 October I Sunsin's fleet reaches Nakdong River[39]
A 50-day armistice is signed by Shen Weijing at Pyeongyang[40]
5 October Battle of Busan (1592): I Sunsin's fleet bombards the Japanese fleet and destroys 130 ships before retreating[39]
6 October The Wanli Emperor sends an edict to Seonjo of Joseon stating his support for driving out the Japanese[35]
I Sunsin's fleet is disbanded and he returns home for resupplies[39]
Kuroda Nagamasa fails to take Yeonan again[37]
12 October Bak Jin retakes Gyeongju[41]
October Hamgyong campaign: Katō Kiyomasa's Second Division occupies Hamgyeong[30]
Nurhaci offers to join the war against the Japanese but is rejected by both the Ming dynasty and Joseon[39]
13 November Siege of Jinju (1592): Japanese Seventh Division fails to take Jinju[42]
23 December Shen Weijing returns to Pyeongyang and tells the Japanese that there would be no further negotiations until they retreat all the way back to Busan[40]
29 December Konishi Yukinaga tells Shen Weijing that they would withdraw from Pyeongyang if the Ming dynasty gave them rights to ports along China's coast[43]

1593

Year Date Event
1593 5 January Wu Weizhong leads 5,000 men across the Yalu River[44]
26 January Li Rusong's army of 35,000 reaches the Yalu River[45]
6 February Siege of Pyongyang (1593): The allied Ming-Joseon army lays siege to Pyeongyang[45]
The Ayutthaya Kingdom's offer to send ships is rejected by the Ming dynasty[46]
8 February Siege of Pyongyang (1593): Konishi Yukinaga's First Division retreats from Pyeongyang, ending the siege[47]
17 February Konishi Yukinaga's remaining men reache Hanseong[48]
19 February Li Rusong takes Gaeseong[48]
22 February Katō Kiyomasa and Nabeshima Naoshige's Second Division depart from Anbyeon and make their way back to Hanseong[48]
27 February Battle of Byeokjegwan: The Ming army's advance towards Hanseong is repelled[49]
8 March I Sunsin leaves for Geoje where he and Won Gyun rendezvous[50]
9 March I Eokgi joins I Sunsin and Won Gyun[50]
14 March Battle of Haengju: The Japanese fail to take Haengju on the Han River[51]
20 March I Sunsin destroys 10 Japanese vessels near Ungchon[50]
24 March I Sunsin attacks Ungchon and releases five Korean prisoners[50]
3 May I Sunsin returns to Yeosu[52]
7 May Li Rusong returns to Gaeseong[52]
18 May The Japanese abandon Hanseong[53]
19 May The Ming army retakes Hanseong[51]
May "Big Sword" Liu Ting crosses the Yalu River with 5,000 Southern Chinese reinforcements[46]
22 June Xie Yongzu and Yu Yihuan negotiate with Konishi Yukinaga at Nagoya[54]
June The Japanese retreat to 17 fortresses on Korea's southern coast and the allied army makes camp at Uiryeong and Changnyeong[55]
27 July Siege of Jinju (1593): The Japanese conduct a massacre at Jinju[56]
1 September Hideyoshi Toyotomi gives the order to withdraw 40,000 troops from Korea.[57]
16 September Most of the Ming army departs from Korea, leaving a garrison force of 16,000[58]
24 October Seonjo of Joseon returns to Hanseong[59]

1594

Year Date Event
1594 April I Sunsin destroys 39 Japanese ships[60]
December All Ming soldiers are withdrawn from Korea[57]

1596

Year Date Event
1596 22 October Negotiations break down as Hideyoshi Toyotomi realizes the Ming and Joseon envoys aren't in Japan to show obeisance to the greatness of Nippon civilization[61]

1597

Year Date Event
1597 1 March Katō Kiyomasa lands at Jukdo with 10,000 men[62]
2 March Konishi Yukinaga arrives at Busan with 7,000 men[62]
12 April I Sunsin is arrested and replaced by Won Gyun[63]
16 May I Sunsin is released from prison[64]
June Yang Yuan crosses the Yalu River with 3,000 soldiers[65]
31 July Won Gyun leads a fleet east from Hansando but returns after meeting a small squadron of Japanese ships at Geoje[66]
July Yang Yuan reaches Namweon[67]
15 August Ma Gui arrives at Hanseong with 1,000 troops[68]
17 August Won Gyun takes the entire fleet and sails east to Busan[66]
20 August Battle of Chilcheollyang: The Korean fleet is repelled near Busan[69]
28 August Battle of Chilcheollyang: Nearly the entire Korean fleet is destroyed, Won Gyun and I Eokgi are both killed[69]
August Total Japanese forces in Korea reach 141,900[62]
11 September Ukita Hideie marches west from Busan with a force of 49,600[70]
13 September I Sunsin is reinstated[71]
23 September Siege of Namwon: A Japanese army of 50,000 lays siege to Namweon[72]
26 September Siege of Namwon: The Japanese take Namweon[73]
The Japanese take Hwangseoksan[74]
28 September I Sunsin arrives at Hoeryeong[75]
30 September The Japanese take Jeonju[74]
4 October Yang Yuan retreats to Hanseong[74]
8 October I Sunsin scares off an advance Japanese scout party at Oranpo[75]
16 October Battle of Jiksan: The Japanese advance north is checked by Ming forces and forced to retreat[76]
17 October The Japanese take Oranpo but are repelled at Jindo[77]
24 October 200 Japanese ships approach Oranpo[77]
26 October Battle of Myeongnyang: The Japanese fleet is repelled by I Sunsin[78]
23 November Ma Gui arrives at Jeonju[79]

1598

Year Date Event
1598 26 January Yang Hao, Ma Gui, and Gwon Yul meet at Gyeongju, forming an army of 50,000[80]
29 January Siege of Ulsan: The allied army lays siege to Ulsan[81]
19 February Siege of Ulsan: The allies fail to take Ulsan and retreat, suffering heavy casualties[82]
23 May I Sunsin leads his ships to establish base at Gogeum[83]
May Chen Lin arrives at Tongjak with the Ming fleet[84]
26 June Toyotomi Hideyoshi orders the withdrawal of half his troops from Korea[81]
July Liu Ting arrives at Hanseong with 20,000 troops[85]
12 August Yang Hao leaves Hanseong to face charges against him in Beijing[86]
17 August Chen Lin arrives at Gogeum and joins with I Sunsin[87]
18 September Hideyoshi Toyotomi dies[88]
19 October Siege of Suncheon: Allied forces lay siege to Suncheon[89]
October Second Siege of Ulsan: Allied forces lay siege to Ulsan[90]
2 November Second Siege of Ulsan: Allied forces retreat from Ulsan[91]
Siege of Suncheon: Allied forces retreat from Suncheon[92]
6 November Battle of Sacheon (1598): Allied forces lay siege to Sacheon[93]
11 November Battle of Sacheon (1598): Allied forces are forced to retreat from Sacheon[94]
16 December Battle of Noryang: The Japanese fleet is defeated by I Sunsin[95]
24 December The last Japanese ships leave Korea[96]

See also

References

  • 이민웅 [Lee, Min-Woong], 임진왜란 해전사 [Imjin Wae-ran Haejeonsa: The Naval Battles of the Imjin War], 청어람미디어 [Chongoram Media], 2004, ISBN 89-89722-49-7.
  1. ^ a b Turnbull 2008, p. 8.
  2. ^ a b Turnbull 2008, p. 16.
  3. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 88-89.
  4. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 89.
  5. ^ a b c d Turnbull 2008, p. 9.
  6. ^ Turnbull 2008, p. 14.
  7. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 93.
  8. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 96.
  9. ^ Turnbull 2008, p. 17.
  10. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 110.
  11. ^ Swope 2009, p. 89.
  12. ^ a b c Turnbull 2008, p. 10.
  13. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 150.
  14. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 157.
  15. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 160.
  16. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 278.
  17. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 164.
  18. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 167.
  19. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 170.
  20. ^ a b c d Hawley 2005, p. 188.
  21. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 211.
  22. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 191.
  23. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 220.
  24. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 204.
  25. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 224.
  26. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 207.
  27. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 227.
  28. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 243.
  29. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 231.
  30. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 268.
  31. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 271.
  32. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 232.
  33. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 235.
  34. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 239.
  35. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 246.
  36. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 275.
  37. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 282.
  38. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 249.
  39. ^ a b c d Hawley 2005, p. 250.
  40. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 253.
  41. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 285.
  42. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 290.
  43. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 303.
  44. ^ Turnbull 2008, p. 54.
  45. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 304.
  46. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 337.
  47. ^ Turnbull 2008, p. 61.
  48. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 311.
  49. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 314.
  50. ^ a b c d Hawley 2005, p. 326.
  51. ^ a b Turnbull 2008, p. 63.
  52. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 330.
  53. ^ Swope 2009, p. 170.
  54. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 347.
  55. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 341.
  56. ^ Turnbull 2008, p. 71.
  57. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 365.
  58. ^ Swope 2009, p. 177.
  59. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 369.
  60. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 376.
  61. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 412.
  62. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 436.
  63. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 425.
  64. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 430.
  65. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 439.
  66. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 446.
  67. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 443.
  68. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 465.
  69. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 450.
  70. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 455.
  71. ^ Swope 2009, p. 240.
  72. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 457.
  73. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 458.
  74. ^ a b c Hawley 2005, p. 462.
  75. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 468.
  76. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 467.
  77. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 471.
  78. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 475.
  79. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 487.
  80. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 491.
  81. ^ a b Hawley 2005, p. 500.
  82. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 495.
  83. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 503.
  84. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 507.
  85. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 510.
  86. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 518.
  87. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 514.
  88. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 517.
  89. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 528.
  90. ^ Swope 2009, p. 268.
  91. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 533.
  92. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 531.
  93. ^ Swope 2009, p. 269.
  94. ^ Swope 2009, p. 270.
  95. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 538.
  96. ^ Hawley 2005, p. 541.

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