Bettiah
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|
Bettiah | |
|---|---|
City | |
  Bettiah Location in Bihar, India | |
| Coordinates: 26°48′05″N 84°30′10″E / 26.80139°N 84.50278°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Bihar |
| District | West Champaran |
| Founded by | Gangeshwar dev |
| Government | |
| • Type | Democracy |
| • Body | Municipal Council |
| Elevation | 65 m (213 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • Total | 132,209 |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 845438 |
| Area code | 06254 |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-BR |
| Vehicle registration | BR-22 |
| Sex ratio | 53% male : 47% female ♂/♀ |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Paschim Champaran |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Bettiah |
| Website | westchamparan |
Bettiah is a city and administrative headquarters of West Champaran district (Tirhut Division)[2] - (Tirhut), near Indo-Nepal border, 225 kilometres north-west of Patna, in Bihar state of India.
History
In 1244 A.D., Gangeshwar Dev, a Brahmin of "Jaitharia" clan, settled at Jaithar in Champaran.[3] One of his descendants, Agar Sen, acquired large territory in the reign of Emperor Jehangir and was bestowed the title of 'Raja' by Emperor Shah Jahan. In 1659, he was succeeded by his son Raja Guj Singh, who built the palace of the family at Bettiah. He died in 1694 A.D. The palace stands today but serves as marketplace.
In 1765, when the East India Company acquired the Diwani, Bettiah Raj held the largest territory under its jurisdiction.[4] It consisted of all of Champaran except for a small portion held by the Ram Nagar Raj (also held by Bhumihar family).[4]
Maharaja Sir Harendra Kishore Singh was the last king of Bettiah Raj.[3] He was born in 1854 and succeeded his father, the late Maharaja Rajendra Kishore Singh Bahadur in 1883. In 1884, he received the title of Maharaja Bahadur as a personal distinction and a Khilat and a sanad from the hands of the Lieutenant Governor of Bengal, Sir Augustus Rivers Thompson. He was created a Knight Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire on 1 March 1889. He was appointed a member of the Legislative Council of Bengal in January 1891. He was also a member of The Asiatic Society He was the last ruler of Bettiah Raj. Maharaja Sir Harendra Kishore Singh Bahadur died heirless on 26 March 1893, leaving behind two widows, Maharani Sheo Ratna Kunwar and Maharani Janki Kunwar. There are a few institutes named for queen Maharani Janki Kunwar, such as M.J.K College and M.J.K Hospital. The Bettiah Gharana was one of the oldest style of vocal music.[5] Madhuban was part of the erstwhile 'Bettiah Raj'. Internal disputes and family quarrels divided the Bettiah Raj in course of time. Madhuban Raj was created as a consequence.
A section of Dhrupad singers of dilli gharana (Delhi Gharana) from Mughal emperor Shah Jahan’s court had migrated to Bettiah under the patronage of Bettiah Raj and thus was sown the seed of Bettiah Gharana.[5] The famous Dagar brothers had praised the Bettiah Dhrupad singers and some of them were invited to the Bharat Bhavan in Bhopal to perform with other accomplished singers in 1990.[5]
Demographics
As of 2011 Indian Census, Bettiah NP had a total population of 132,209, of which 69,529 were males and 62,680 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 18,995. The total number of literates in Bettiah was 91,298, which constituted 69.1% of the population with male literacy of 72.7% and female literacy of 64.9%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Bettiah was 80.6%, of which male literacy rate was 85.0% and female literacy rate was 75.8%. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population was 8,266 and 828 respectively. Bettiah had 24463 households in 2011.[1]
Bettiah Urban Agglomeration includes Bettiah (Nagar Panchayat), Tola Mansaraut (Census Town), Kargahia Purab (Census Town) and Hat Saraiya (Census Town).[6] Tola San Saraiyan new town aided village. The new Gopalganj-Bettiah Road passed through this new town aided village. Through this new road a distance of 60 km become shorten for Gopalganj-Bettiah.[7]
Climate
The climate of Bettiah is characterised by high temperatures and high precipitation especially during the monsoon season. The Köppen Climate Classification sub-type for this climate is "Cfa" (Humid Subtropical Climate).
| Climate data for Bettiah | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 23.3 (73.9) |
26.3 (79.4) |
32.4 (90.3) |
37.3 (99.1) |
38.7 (101.7) |
37 (99) |
33.5 (92.3) |
32.8 (91.1) |
33.3 (91.9) |
32.3 (90.1) |
29.2 (84.6) |
24.6 (76.2) |
31.7 (89.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 9.1 (48.3) |
11.1 (51.9) |
16.1 (60.9) |
21.2 (70.2) |
24.6 (76.2) |
26.2 (79.1) |
25.7 (78.3) |
25.4 (77.8) |
24.6 (76.3) |
21.0 (69.8) |
14.6 (58.2) |
10.2 (50.4) |
19.2 (66.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13 (0.5) |
13 (0.5) |
10 (0.4) |
18 (0.7) |
46 (1.8) |
200 (7.7) |
380 (14.9) |
360 (14) |
230 (8.9) |
66 (2.6) |
5.1 (0.2) |
5.1 (0.2) |
1,330 (52.4) |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 11.1 | 11.7 | 12.4 | 13.2 | 13.9 | 14.2 | 14.1 | 13.5 | 12.7 | 11.9 | 11.2 | 10.9 | 12.6 |
| Source: Weatherbase[8] | |||||||||||||
Notable people
- Gopal Singh Nepali, Hindi poet and Bollywood lyricist
- Kedar Pandey, 14th Chief Minister of Bihar.
- Raj Kumar Shukla, Indian independence activist
Munshi Brahma deo Lal A contemporary freedom fighter with Raj Kumar Shukla.
- Manoj Bajpai, Indian film actor
- Prakash Jha, Indian film producer, director, and screenwriter
- Vikas Mishra (economist),former Vice-Chancellor, Kurukshetra University
- Gauri Shankar Pandey, Former member of Legislative assembly, Bettiah (Bihar)
- Krishna Kumar Mishra, Former member of Legislative assembly, Chanpatia (Bihar)
See also
- Bettiah Raj
- List of cities in Bihar
- West Champaran district
- Champaran Satyagraha
- Paschim Champaran (Lok Sabha constituency)
References
- ^ a b "Census of India: Bettiah". www.censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
- ^ "Tirhut Division". tirhut-muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in. Archived from the original on 16 March 2015.
- ^ a b Lethbridge, Sir Roper (2005). The Golden Book of India: A Genealogical and Biographical Dictionary of the Ruling Princes, Chiefs, Nobles, and Other Personages, Titled Or Decorated of the Indian Empire. Aakar Books. p. 67. ISBN 978-81-87879-54-1. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
- ^ a b Ram, Bindeshwar (1998). Land and society in India: agrarian relations in colonial North Bihar. Orient Blackswan. ISBN 978-81-250-0643-5.
- ^ a b c "Many Bihari artists ignored by SPIC MACAY". The Times of India. 13 October 2001. Retrieved 16 March 2009.
- ^ "Constituents of urban Agglomerations Having Population 1 Lakh & above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 16 April 2012.
- ^ Kumar, Arun. "Need to shun politics for Bihar's growth: Nitish". Hindustan Times.
- ^ "Weatherbase.com". Weatherbase. 2015. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved on 27 August 2015.