Cycling at the Summer Paralympics

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Cycling at the Summer Paralympics
Governing bodyIPC
Events44 (men: 30; women: 12; mixed: 2)
Games

Cycling has been contested at every Summer Paralympic Games since the 1984 Summer Paralympics.

Classification

Cyclists with visual impairments are paired with a sighted pilot. Here Scott McPhee pilots to Kieran Modra's stocker.

Cyclists are given a classification depending on the type and extent of their disability. The classification system allows cyclists to compete against others with a similar level of function.[1]

At the 2008 Summer Paralympics and earlier, classes were:

At the 2012 Summer Paralympics, a functional para-cycling classification system was used.

  • B: Cyclists with a vision impairment, using a tandem bicycle
  • T 1–2: Cyclists with cerebral palsy, MS or similar neuro-motor impairment, using a tricycle
  • C 1–5: Cyclists with amputations, neuromotor or musculoskeletal impairment, using a bicycle
  • H 1–4: Cyclists using a handcycle

Factoring

In some cycling events, cyclists with different classifications compete against each other for one set of medals. Many (but not all) such events are factored, reducing the times of riders in lower classifications to take their greater impairment into account. Factoring percentages are based on average race times by riders in each classification.[2]

At the 2012 Summer Paralympics, factored races included the mixed tricycle time trial, Women's C1–3 road time trial,[3] Women's H1–2 road time trial and track C1–3 and C4–5 events.

Medal table

Updated to 2016 Summer Paralympics. Countries in italics are former countries who participated in the Paralympics.

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Great Britain (GBR)41191373
2 Australia (AUS)37312997
3 United States (USA)23392991
4 Germany (GER)20241761
5 Italy (ITA)16101339
6 France (FRA)1371434
7 Spain (ESP)11151642
8 Netherlands (NED)10131235
9 China (CHN)10111435
10 Canada (CAN)9111333
11 Czech Republic (CZE)871025
12 Austria (AUT)710522
13 Poland (POL)57113
14 Switzerland (SUI)55818
15 Slovakia (SVK)44311
16 Belgium (BEL)43512
17 Ireland (IRL)43310
18 Belarus (BLR)4105
19 Ukraine (UKR)4004
20 Japan (JPN)37616
21 South Korea (KOR)36514
22 Norway (NOR)32510
23 New Zealand (NZL)23712
24 South Africa (RSA)2237
25 Romania (ROU)1203
26 Denmark (DEN)1001
27 Czechoslovakia (TCH)0202
 Finland (FIN)0202
29 West Germany (FRG)0123
30 Brazil (BRA)0112
 Portugal (POR)0112
32 Israel (ISR)0101
33 Colombia (COL)0033
34 Argentina (ARG)0022
 Lebanon (LIB)0022
36 Russia (RUS)0011
Totals (36 entries)250250243743

Events

Road cycling, men

Current events
Events 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Road race - - X - - X X X X X 6
Time trial X X X X - X X X X X 9
Past events
Events 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Team tandem open, time trial - - X - - - - - - - 1

Track cycling, men

Current events
Event 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Bicycle, individual pursuit - - X X X X X 5
Bicycle, time trial - - X X X X X 5
Tandem, individual pursuit X X X X X X X 7
Tandem, time trial X X X X X X X 7
Past events
Events 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Bicycle, team sprint - - X X - - - 2
Tandem, sprint X X X X - - - 4

Road cycling, women

Nation 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Road race X - - - - X X X X X 6
Time trial X - X - - X X X X X 7

Track cycling, women

Current events
Events 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Bicycle, individual pursuit - - - - X X X 3
Bicycle, 500m time trial - - - X X X X 4
Tandem, individual pursuit X X X X X X X 7
Tandem, 1km time trial X X X X X X X 7
Past events
Events 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Bicycle, 1km time trial - - X - - X - 2
Tandem, sprint - - X - - - - 1

Mixed events

Current road events
Events 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Team relay - - - - - - - X X X 3
Current track events
Events 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Team, sprint No track events held - X - - X X X 4
Past events
Events 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 Years
Road race - - - X X - X X - - 4
Time trial - - - X X - X X - - 4
Omnium No track events held X - - - - - - 1
Tandem open, individual pursuit X X - - - - - 2
Tandem open, sprint X X - - X X - 4
Tandem open, time trial X X - - - - - 2

Nations

Nation 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20 Total
 Afghanistan (AFG)             2 2 2
 Albania (ALB)             1 1
 Argentina (ARG)             1 3 3 5 4
 Australia (AUS)             1 8 14 22 19 17 15 15 8
 Austria (AUT)             1 4 7 9 7 11 7 4 8
 Barbados (BAR)             1 1 2
 Belarus (BLR)             2 4 6 6 2 5
 Belgium (BEL)             3 7 5 2 1 3 4 8 8
 Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH)             1 1
 Brazil (BRA)             1 1 2 1 2 2 5 7
 Burkina Faso (BUR)             2 2 1 2 4
 Canada (CAN)             4 3 15 7 10 12 15 15 14 9
 China (CHN)             6 8 8 11 4
 Colombia (COL)             1 4 3 6 4
 Costa Rica (CRC)             1 1 2
 Croatia (CRO)             1 2 2
 Cuba (CUB)             1 1 2
 Czech Republic (CZE)             3 6 8 8 8 8 6
 Czechoslovakia (TCH)             1 3 2
 Denmark (DEN)             1 3 2 2 4
 Dominican Republic (DOM)             1 1 2
 Estonia (EST)             1 1
 Finland (FIN)             1 2 2 2 3 5
 France (FRA)             1 6 16 17 18 9 9 14 5 9
 Germany (GER)             9 13 13 17 17 16 15 7
 Ghana (GHA)             1 1 2
 Great Britain (GBR)             1 1 7 8 8 8 12 19 20 9
 Greece (GRE)             4 2 5 6 4
 Haiti (HAI)             1 1
 Hungary (HUN)             2 1
 Iran (IRI)             1 1 1 3
 Ireland (IRL)             1 3 6 10 10 5
 Israel (ISR)             1 1 3 1 4
 Italy (ITA)             8 12 9 7 9 13 13 7
 Japan (JPN)             2 7 6 5 4 5 6
 Lebanon (LBN)             1 1 2
 Luxembourg (LUX)             1 2 2
 Malaysia (MAS)             2 4 2
 Mexico (MEX)             1 1
 Netherlands (NED)             3 4 7 3 5 6 11 18 8
 New Zealand (NZL)             2 5 6 8 4
 Norway (NOR)             3 2 4 4 6 7 1 2 1 9
 Pakistan (PAK)             1 1
 Peru (PER)             1 1
 Poland (POL)             3 6 6 12 4
 Portugal (POR)             3 1 1 1 2 5
 Romania (ROU)             1 3 2 2 4
 Russia (RUS)             2 1
 Serbia (SRB)             2 1
 Singapore (SGP)             2 2 2
 Slovakia (SVK)             2 4 4 4 6 5 6
 Slovenia (SLO)             1 1 1 1 4
 South Africa (RSA)             4 7 6 6 4
 South Korea (KOR)             10 5 3 4 2 2 2 3 8
 Spain (ESP)             17 26 23 14 16 16 12 7
 Sweden (SWE)             1 1 4 3
 Switzerland (SUI)             6 6 8 8 5 8 7 7
 Ukraine (UKR)             1 1 2
 Unified Team (EUN)             2 1
 United States (USA)             3 11 30 35 35 18 13 17 24 9
 Venezuela (VEN)             1 1 2 2 2 5
 West Germany (FRG)             3 1 2
Nations 8 11 19 23 25 39 39 48 45
Competitors 22 40 149 181 202 196 220 223 235
Year 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 08 12 16 20

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cycling at the Summer Paralympics.
  1. ^ Cycling Archived 2011-07-06 at the Wayback Machine, Canadian Paralympic Committee
  2. ^ "Paralympics: Cyclist wins GB's first medal". Channel 4. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
  3. ^ "Cycling - Road". Australian Paralympic Committee. Archived from the original on 13 February 2013. Retrieved 13 February 2013.
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