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East Coast (New Zealand electorate)

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East Coast
Single-member constituency
for the New Zealand House of Representatives
Outline map
Location of East Coast within Bay of Plenty and Gisborne
RegionBay of Plenty and Gisborne
Major settlementsGisborne, Whakatāne
Area13,813.82 km2 (5,333.55 sq mi)
Current constituency
Current MPDana Kirkpatrick
PartyNational

East Coast is a New Zealand parliamentary electorate, returning one Member of Parliament to the New Zealand House of Representatives. The electorate first existed from 1871 to 1893, and was recreated in 1999. The current MP for East Coast is Dana Kirkpatrick of the National Party, who has held office since 2023.

Population centres

[edit]

The electorate's main centres are Gisborne (32,529) and Tolaga Bay in the Gisborne Region; and Ōpōtiki and Whakatane (18,800) in the eastern part of the Bay of Plenty Region. Wairoa, the northernmost town in the Hawke's Bay region, was excluded by the 2007 boundary changes.[1][2]

History

[edit]

The East Coast electorate was first established for the 5th Parliament in 1871.[3] William Kelly was the first elected representative; he held the seat until the end of the term in 1875.[4]

The "most sensational electoral contest ever held in the East Coast" electorate was held in January 1876, when mysterious pieces of cardboard were distributed by supporters of George Read in Gisborne, which hotel bars accepted as legal tender. Read, George Morris and Kelly received 215, 206 and 185 votes, with another candidate coming a distant fourth. Morris petitioned against Read's election. A parliamentary committee of enquiry determined that Read had not broken any laws by approving the initiative, but the House of Representatives resolved that Read was to be unseated in favour of Morris, which happened later in 1876.[5][6] This was the last election enquiry held by a parliamentary committee. Subsequently, these enquiries were held by the courts.[7]

At the next election in 1879, Morris was defeated by Allan McDonald, who held the electorate until he resigned in 1884.[8]

Samuel Locke won the resulting by-election and was confirmed a few months later at the 1884 general election. He served until the end of the term of the 9th Parliament in 1887.[9]

William Lee Rees stood unsuccessfully in this and subsequent by-elections and elections.

Andrew Graham won the 1887 general election. He resigned in 1889 before the end of the term.[10] Alexander Creighton Arthur won the resulting 1889 by-election. Arthur and Kelly (the electorate's first representative in 1871) contested the 1890 general election, and Kelly was successful by a small margin, with 1022 to 1008 votes in his favour.[11] He served until the end of the term in 1893,[4] after which the electorate was abolished, and was replaced by the Bay of Plenty and Waiapu electorates.

Members of Parliament

[edit]

From 1871 to 1893, the electorate was represented by seven Members of Parliament. When the electorate was abolished the then current MP, William Kelly contested and won the new seat of Bay of Plenty. In 1999, the electorate was recreated from most of the Mahia, and part of the Bay of Plenty electorates. Since 1999 it has been represented by two MPs.

Key

  Independent   Liberal   Labour   National   United Future   Green

Election Winner
1871 election William Kelly
1876 election George Read
George Morris1
1879 election Allan McDonald
1881 election
1884 by-election Samuel Locke
1884 election
1887 election Andrew Graham
1889 by-election Alexander Creighton Arthur
1890 election William Kelly
electorate abolished, 1893–1999
1999 election Janet Mackey
2002 election
2005 election Anne Tolley
2008 election
2011 election
2014 election
2017 election
2020 election Kiri Allan
2023 election Dana Kirkpatrick

1 See History section above.

List MPs

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The following table lists Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the East Coast electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.

Election List Member
2002 election Judy Turner
2005 election Moana Mackey
Judy Turner
2008 election Catherine Delahunty
Moana Mackey
2011 election Moana Mackey
2017 election Kiri Allan
Gareth Hughes

Election results

[edit]

2023 election

[edit]
2023 general election: East Coast[12]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National Dana Kirkpatrick 17,007 42.57 +6.15 14,908 36.70 +9.74
Labour Tāmati Coffey 13,808 34.56 −17.14 12,054 29.68 −20.72
NZ First Craig Sinclair 2,571 6.44 – 3,896 9.59 +6.15
ACT Michael Howe 1,923 4.81 +1.56 3,599 8.86 +1.08
Green Jordan Walker 1,765 4.42 -0.63 3,015 7.42 +1.89
Te Pāti Māori Fallyn Flavell 1,235 3.09 – 915 2.25 +1.50
DemocracyNZ Chris Robinson 625 1.56 – 199 0.49 –
Vision New Zealand Leighton Packer 323 0.81 —
Independent Don Richards 104 0.26 —
Independent Monaco Caracas 68 0.17 —
Independent Gordon Dickson 66 0.17 —
NZ Loyal   546 1.34 —
Opportunities   460 1.13 +0.22
NewZeal   247 0.61 +0.10 [a]
Freedoms NZ   178 0.44 —
Vision NZ   109 0.26 ±0.00
Legalise Cannabis   164 0.40 -0.03
New Conservatives   56 0.14 -0.95
Animal Justice   43 0.11 –
Leighton Baker Party   29 0.07 –
Women's Rights   25 0.06 –
New Nation   20 0.05 –
Informal votes 509 264
Total valid votes 39,950 40,618
National gain from Labour Majority 3,199 8.01 -7.27

2020 election

[edit]
2020 general election: East Coast[13]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
Labour Kiri Allan 21,420 51.70 +18.19 21,412 50.40 +13.78
National Tania Tapsell 15,089 36.42 −9.76 11,452 26.96 −17.07
Green Meredith Akuhata-Brown 2,091 5.05 −2.08 2,351 5.53 +0.95
ACT Blake Webb 1,345 3.25 – 3,305 7.78 +7.51
Advance NZ Jennie Brown 832 2.01 – 734 1.73 –
New Conservative Helena Nickerson 380 0.92 – 463 1.09 +0.92
ONE Veronica King 274 0.66 – 217 0.51 –
NZ First   1,462 3.44 −6.45
Opportunities   387 0.91 −1.43
Māori Party   320 0.75 ±0.00
Legalise Cannabis   183 0.43 +0.11
Vision NZ   109 0.26 –
Outdoors   55 0.13 +0.03
Social Credit   13 0.03 +0.02
Sustainable NZ   9 0.02 –
TEA   6 0.01 –
Heartland   5 0.01 –
Informal votes 838 288
Total valid votes 41,431 42,483
Turnout 42,771 81.53 +2.11
Labour gain from National Majority 6,331 15.28 +2.61

2017 election

[edit]
2017 general election: East Coast[14]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National Green tickY Anne Tolley 17,517 46.18 −5.74 17,011 44.03 -4.39
Labour Kiri Allan 12,710 33.51 +4.38 14,150 36.62 +13.98
NZ First Julian Tilley 2,916 7.69 +0.55 3,820 9.89 −1.90
Green Gareth Hughes 2,705 7.13 −0.57 1,770 4.58 −4.59
Opportunities Lesley Immink 1,142 3.01 — 905 2.34 —
Māori Party Rihi Vercoe 468 1.23 — 290 0.75 −0.19
Independent Tekawe Terence Ratu 52 0.14 —
Legalise Cannabis   124 0.32 −0.10
ACT   106 0.27 +0.04
Ban 1080   89 0.23 −0.11
Conservative   67 0.17 −3.89
Outdoors   37 0.10 —
United Future   32 0.08 −0.14
Mana Party   20 0.05 —
People's Party   15 0.04 —
Internet   7 0.02 —
Democrats   4 0.01 −0.07
Informal votes 422 188
Total valid votes 37,932 38,636
National hold Majority 4,807 12.67 −10.12

2014 election

[edit]
2014 general election: East Coast[15]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National Green tickY Anne Tolley 18,074 51.92 +3.65 17,152 48.42 −1.35
Labour Moana Mackey 10,140 29.13 −2.69 8,022 22.64 −1.23
Green Gavin Maclean 2,679 7.70 −0.75 3,248 9.17 −1.43
NZ First Mere Takoko 2,485 7.14 +3.06 4,176 11.79 +3.26
Conservative Rick Drayson 784 2.25 −2.41 1,438 4.06 +1.04
Internet Patrick Salmon 259 0.74 +0.74
Democrats Harry Alchin Smith 86 0.25 +0.25 30 0.08 +0.05
Internet Mana   413 1.17 +0.42[b]
Māori Party   334 0.94 −0.11
Legalise Cannabis   150 0.42 −0.03
Ban 1080   122 0.34 +0.34
ACT   82 0.23 −0.71
United Future   78 0.22 −0.69
Independent Coalition   17 0.05 +0.05
Civilian   13 0.04 +0.04
Focus   4 0.01 +0.01
Informal votes 305 148
Total valid votes 34,812 35,427
Turnout 35,575 76.69 +2.16
National hold Majority 7,934 22.79 +6.33

2011 election

[edit]
2011 general election: East Coast[16]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National Green tickY Anne Tolley 14,003 48.27 -4.18 14,804 49.77 +2.15
Labour Moana Mackey 9,229 31.82 -0.21 7,101 23.87 -7.78
Green Darryl Monteith 2,452 8.45 +3.09 3,154 10.60 +4.24
Conservative Kathy Sheldrake 1,352 4.66 +4.66 898 3.02 +3.02
NZ First Tamati Reid 1,184 4.08 -2.76 2,538 8.53 +2.68
United Future Martin Gibson 392 1.35 -1.96 271 0.91 -1.28
Mana Val Irwin 256 0.88 +0.88 224 0.75 +0.75
ACT John Norvill 140 0.48 +0.48 280 0.94 -1.62
Legalise Cannabis   133 0.45 +0.14
Māori Party   313 1.05 -0.38
Alliance   10 0.03 -0.03
Democrats   10 0.03 -0.004
Libertarianz   9 0.03 -0.01
Informal votes 616 233
Total valid votes 29,008 29,976
National hold Majority 4,774 16.46 -3.98

Electorate (as at 21 October 2011): 40,533[17]

2008 election

[edit]
2008 general election: East Coast[18]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National Green tickY Anne Tolley 16,463 52.46 +7.65 15,160 47.63 +5.43
Labour Moana Mackey 10,050 32.02 -8.78 10,075 31.65 -7.34
NZ First Brendan Horan 2,147 6.84 +3.35 1,862 5.85 -0.92
Green Catherine Delahunty 1,684 5.37 +1.75 2,025 6.36 +2.11
United Future Judy Turner 1,040 3.31 -0.57 698 2.19 -0.76
ACT   816 2.56 +1.87
Māori Party   457 1.44 -0.16
Progressive   199 0.63 -0.37
Bill and Ben   175 0.55 –
Kiwi   115 0.36 –
Legalise Cannabis   99 0.31 +0.12
Family Party   83 0.26 –
Alliance   19 0.06 +0.00
Libertarianz   13 0.04 +0.02
Democrats   12 0.04 -0.03
Workers Party   10 0.03 –
Pacific   7 0.02 –
RONZ   5 0.02 +0.01
RAM   2 0.01 –
Informal votes 246 130
Total valid votes 31,384 31,832
National hold Majority 6,413 20.43 +16.44

2005 election

[edit]
2005 general election: East Coast[19]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
National Anne Tolley 13,666 44.80 +12.17 13,070 42.20 +20.43
Labour Moana Mackey 12,447 40.81 -10.83 12,076 38.99 -1.68
United Future Judy Turner 1,186 3.89 -1.70 916 2.96 -3.51
Green Catherine Delahunty 1,104 3.62 -1.35 1,316 4.25 -1.45
NZ First Joe Glen 1,064 3.49 — 2,098 6.77 -7.11
Māori Party John Harré 589 1.93 — 494 1.59 —
ACT Bill Sadler 446 1.46 -0.57 214 0.69 -4.17
Destiny   336 1.08 —
Progressive   309 1.00 -0.68
Legalise Cannabis   60 0.19 -0.32
Christian Heritage   20 0.06 -1.01
Democrats   20 0.06 —
Alliance   17 0.05 -1.12
Family Rights   8 0.03 —
Libertarianz   6 0.02 —
99 MP   5 0.02 —
One NZ   3 0.01 —
Direct Democracy   2 0.01 —
RONZ   2 0.01 —
Informal votes 266 125
Total valid votes 30,502 30,972
Turnout 31,097
National gain from Labour Majority 1,219 3.99 -15.02

2002 election

[edit]
2002 general election: East Coast
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
Labour Green tickY Janet Mackey 14,519 51.64 +1.91 11,687 40.67 +2.79
National Leanne Jensen-Daines 9,176 32.63 6,255 21.77 -9.77
United Future Judy Turner 1,573 5.59 1,859 6.47
Green Catherine Delahunty 1,398 4.97 1,638 5.70 +1.44
ACT Ian Swan 571 2.03 -0.21 1,396 4.86 -1.68
Alliance Gavin MacLean 388 1.38 -5.21 336 1.17 -7.92
Christian Heritage Tania Maria Maukau-Teare-Shelford 269 0.96 308 1.07 -1.40
One NZ David Moat 224 0.80 83 0.29
NZ First   3,989 13.88 +8.88
ORNZ   521 1.81
Progressive   484 1.68
Legalise Cannabis   147 0.51 -0.42
Mana Māori   29 0.10 -0.07
NMP   3 0.01 +0.01
Informal votes 541 122
Total valid votes 28,118 28,735
Labour hold Majority 5,343 19.01 +4.73

1999 election

[edit]
1999 general election: East Coast[20][21]
Notes:

Blue background denotes the winner of the electorate vote.
Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list.
Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member, or other incumbent.
A Green tickY or Red XN denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.

Party Candidate Votes % ±% Party votes % ±%
Labour Janet Mackey 13,391 49.73 10,348 37.91
National Matthew Parkinson 9,546 35.45 8,608 31.54
Alliance Gavin MacLean 1,775 6.59 2,481 9.09
NZ First Gray Eatwell 844 3.13 1,366 5.00
Christian Heritage Richard Rangihuna 645 2.40 675 2.47
ACT Ian Swan 604 2.24 1,784 6.54
Mana Wahine Harangi Manaena-Biddle 76 0.28
Te Tawharau Anton Kerekere 46 0.17
Green   1,164 4.26
Legalise Cannabis   253 0.93
Christian Democrats   225 0.82
Libertarianz   98 0.36
United NZ   74 0.27
Animals First   50 0.18
Mana Māori   47 0.17
McGillicuddy Serious   33 0.12
Mauri Pacific   24 0.09
Natural Law   23 0.08
One NZ   23 0.08
Republican   8 0.03
Freedom Movement   7 0.03
The People's Choice   3 0.01
NMP   1 0.00
South Island   1 0.00
Informal votes 642 273
Total valid votes 26,927 27,296
Labour win new seat Majority 3845 14.28

1890 election

[edit]
1890 general election: East Coast[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Liberal William Kelly 1,022 50.34
Conservative Alexander Creighton Arthur 1,008 49.65
Majority 14 0.68
Turnout 2,030 68.65
Registered electors 2,957

1889 by-election

[edit]
1889 East Coast by-election[23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Alexander Creighton Arthur 676 52.00
Independent William Lee Rees 624 48.00
Majority 52 4.00
Turnout 1300

1887 election

[edit]
1887 general election: East Coast[24][25]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Andrew Graham 744 45.17
Independent Allan McDonald 583 35.40
Independent Michael Gannon[26] 320 19.43
Majority 161 9.78
Turnout 1647
Registered electors 2,271

1884 by-election

[edit]
1884 East Coast by-election[27][28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Samuel Locke 509 45.49
Independent Michael Gannon[26] 315 28.15
Independent William Lee Rees 295 26.36
Turnout 1119
Majority 194 17.34

1881 election

[edit]
1881 general election: East Coast[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Independent Allan McDonald 441 37.25
Independent Samuel Locke 422 35.64
Independent Captain Thomas William Porter 180 15.20
Independent Michael Gannon[26][30] 141 11.91
Majority 19 1.60
Turnout 1184
Registered electors 1,524

Table footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^ Compared to ONE Party
  2. ^ 2014 Internet Mana swing is relative to the votes for Mana in 2011; it shared a party list with Internet in the 2014 election.

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 4 September 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. ^ "Subnational population estimates tables – Statistics New Zealand". Archived from the original on 28 August 2011. Retrieved 31 July 2009.
  3. ^ Scholefield 1950, p. 157.
  4. ^ a b Scholefield 1925, p. 107.
  5. ^ Read, George; Philip Whyte. "East Coast". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage.
  6. ^ "East Coast Election Report". Daily Southern Cross. 23 August 1876. p. 3. Retrieved 4 September 2011.
  7. ^ Mackay 1949, p. 354.
  8. ^ Scholefield 1925, p. 111.
  9. ^ Scholefield 1925, p. 110.
  10. ^ Scholefield 1925, p. 96.
  11. ^ Mackay 1949, p. 355.
  12. ^ "East Coast – Official Result". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
  13. ^ "East Coast – Official Result". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 5 December 2021.
  14. ^ "Official Count Results – East Coast (2017)". Electoral Commission. 7 October 2017. Retrieved 12 October 2017.
  15. ^ Electoral Commission (10 October 2014). "Official Count Results – East Coast". Retrieved 28 January 2016.
  16. ^ East Coast results, 2011
  17. ^ "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 21 October 2011. Archived from the original on 10 November 2011. Retrieved 28 October 2011.
  18. ^ "Election result: East Coast, 2008". Archived from the original on 8 December 2008. Retrieved 23 October 2008.
  19. ^ "Official Count Results – East Coast (2005)". Electoral Commission. 1 October 2005. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
  20. ^ "Official Count Results (1999) – Electoral Votes for registered parties by electorate". NZ Electoral Commission. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
  21. ^ "Official Count Results (1999) – Candidate Vote Details". NZ Electoral Commission. Retrieved 31 October 2017.
  22. ^ "The General Election, 1890". National Library. 1891. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
  23. ^ "The East Coast Election". The Press. Vol. XLVI, no. 7425. 17 December 1889. p. 5.
  24. ^ "Tuesday, December 17, 1889". The Daily Telegraph. No. 5709. 17 December 1889. p. 2. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
  25. ^ Cooper, G. S. (1887). The General Election, 1887. National Library. p. 1. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
  26. ^ a b c Oliver, Steven. "Kate Wyllie". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
  27. ^ "Declaration of the Poll". Poverty Bay Herald. 23 June 1884.
  28. ^ "The East Coast Election". Hawke's Bay Herald. 20 June 1884.
  29. ^ Cooper, G. S. (1882). Votes Recorded for Each Candidate. Government Printer. p. 1. Retrieved 19 January 2019.
  30. ^ "Telegraphic". Hawke's Bay Herald. Vol. XXI, no. 6097. 15 October 1881. p. 3. Retrieved 18 January 2019.

References

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