Ennis, Texas
Ennis, Texas | |
|---|---|
 The Emporium Building at the intersection of Ennis Avenue and Dallas St. in Downtown Ennis. | |
 Location of Ennis, Texas | |
 | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  Texas |
| County | Ellis |
| Government | |
| • Type | Council-Manager |
| • Mayor | Angeline Juenemann |
| • City Manager | Scott Dixon |
| Area | |
| • Total | 28.2 sq mi (73.0 km2) |
| • Land | 27.6 sq mi (71.6 km2) |
| • Water | 0.5 sq mi (1.4 km2) |
| Elevation | 538 ft (164 m) |
| Population (2010) | |
| • Total | 18,513 |
| • Density | 670/sq mi (258.5/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP codes | 75119-75120 |
| Area code | 972 |
| FIPS code | 48-24348[1] |
| GNIS feature ID | 1335474[2] |
| Website | www |
Ennis is a city in Ellis County, Texas, United States, located south of Dallas. The population was 18,513 at the 2010 census,[3] up from 16,454 at the 2000 census. The city is notable for its historic Czech heritage, with several community halls dedicated to different fraternities and organizations celebrating Bohemian, Moravian, and Slovak heritage. It is also home to the Bluebonnet Festival, the National Polka Festival, and several National Hot Rod Association drag races at the Texas Motorplex, most notably the AAA Texas NHRA FallNationals.
History
In 1872 the Houston and Central Texas Railroad (H&TC) arrived at the spot that would become Ennis. The city is named for Cornelius Ennis, an official of the railroad. Ennis served as Mayor of Houston (1856–57), and as a director of the Houston Tap and Brazoria Railway and H&TC.[4]
Between 1874 and 1890, the population grew from 300 to 3,000. Many of the settlers came from the war-torn Confederate States of America and others came from the war-ravaged European nations that later became Czechoslovakia.[4]
In 1891, the H&TC chose Ennis as its northern division headquarters in an agreement requiring that Ennis provide water for the railroad. The machine shops and roundhouse employed several hundred men. One condition of the agreement was that as long as Ennis was able to furnish water the shops could not be moved from the community. The city built the first of three lakes for this purpose in 1892, followed by another in 1895, and the last in 1940 [5]
The railroad also led to the expansion of the cotton industry, providing access to foreign and domestic markets through the port of Houston. By 1920, a total of 152,601 bales of cotton were ginned and shipped from Ellis County, the most of any county in America. The Ennis Chamber of Commerce adopted the slogan 'Where Railroads and Cotton Fields Meet."
Railroads and cotton produced the wealth that could be seen in the residential development of the city. Residents built beautiful churches of many different denominations and numerous fraternal organizations met regularly. Elegant houses along “the Avenue” and north were accompanied by dozens of Folk Victorian houses and Craftsman style bungalows.[4]
By mid-twentieth century Ennis had become a modern community with schools, three movie theaters, several drugstores, banks and automobile dealerships. The sons and daughters of early settlers had developed new traditions like the National Polka Festival and the Ennis Bluebonnet Trail. Moreover, the city was connected to Dallas to the north and Houston to the South by Interstate Highway 45. Since then, citizens of Ennis have been able to experience the best of two worlds, participation in the attractions of a large, dynamic city and the familiar street-scape of a unique, nurturing community.[4]
The commercial strip along Ennis Ave. between Downtown and Interstate 45 was hit by a tornado in the May 15–17, 2013 tornado outbreak, rendering 4 homes uninhabitable and damaging as many as 55 businesses. The damage caused by the EF1 impacted the National Register Historic District and many of the other businesses in town, some of which are pending demolition. However, these damaged buildings were purchased by developers in the hopes of revitalizing the Downtown Historical District. These revitalization plans were implemented in the Downtown Comprehensive Plan, and the city was re-admitted to the Texas Main Street Program in January 2015. Today, the downtown area is home to several successful start-ups, with future plans calling for further emphasis on local business, pedestrian friendliness, and the development of parks, plazas, and new urbanist development along the outskirts of the district.
Geography
Ennis is in the northeastern region of Texas, in eastern Ellis County. Interstate 45 passes through the east side of the city, with access from Exits 247 through 255. I-45 leads north 35 miles (56 km) to Dallas and south 205 miles (330 km) to Houston. U.S. Route 287 curves around the south side of Ennis and leads northwest 15 miles (24 km) to Waxahachie, the Ellis County seat. Texas State Highway 34 passes through the center of Ennis, leading northeast 26 miles (42 km) to Kaufman and southwest 20 miles (32 km) to Italy. Waco is 73 miles (117 km) to the southwest.
Ennis has a total area of 28.2 square miles (73.0 km2), of which 27.6 square miles (71.6 km2) is land and 0.54 square miles (1.4 km2), or 1.85%, is water.[3]
Climate
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Ennis has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.[6]
Government
The city of Ennis has a City Commissioner/City Manager government type, with several commissioners representing different departments of the city government in city council. Ennis is home to the congressional office of US Representative Joe Barton, which is located within Texas's 6th Congressional District of which he represents. Ennis is also a part of Texas House District 10 represented by John Wray
Ennis is the only incorporated city in the United States that still elects its City Marshal. The election is held every two years with the winner being named Chief of Police by the City Council and City Manager. Currently the post is held by Chief John Erisman.
Below is a list of members of the City Administration and their position:
| Department | Director |
|---|---|
| Mayor | Angeline "Angie" Juenemann |
| City Manager | Scott Dixon |
| City Secretary | Angie Wade |
| Secretary to City Manager | Theresa Wheeler |
| City Attorney | Richard Wilson |
| Municipal Court Judge | Lee Johnson |
| Police Chief | John Erisman |
| Fire Chief | Jeff Aycock |
| Fire Marshal | Chad Wester |
| Finance Director | C. Joel Welch |
| Economic Development Coordinator | Marty Nelson |
| Director of Public Works | Robert Bolen |
| Chief Building Inspector | Mark Richardson |
| Director of Health Services | Chauncy Williams, R.S. |
| HR/Benefits Coordinator | Diane Kellenberger |
| Director of Parks & Recreation | Andy Wolfe |
| Library Director | Jessica Diaz |
| Tourism Director | Gina Rokas |
| Main Street Coordinator | Becky McCarty |
Demographics
| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1880 | 1,351 | — | |
| 1890 | 2,171 | 60.7% | |
| 1900 | 4,919 | 126.6% | |
| 1910 | 5,669 | 15.2% | |
| 1920 | 7,224 | 27.4% | |
| 1930 | 7,069 | −2.1% | |
| 1940 | 7,087 | 0.3% | |
| 1950 | 7,815 | 10.3% | |
| 1960 | 9,347 | 19.6% | |
| 1970 | 11,046 | 18.2% | |
| 1980 | 12,102 | 9.6% | |
| 1990 | 14,278 | 18.0% | |
| 2000 | 16,454 | 15.2% | |
| 2010 | 18,513 | 12.5% | |
| 2015 (est.) | 19,007 | [7] | 2.7% |
| [8] | |||
As of the census[1] of 2000, there were 16,045 people, 5,335 households, and 3,947 families residing in the city. The population density was 891.7 people per square mile (344.4/km2). There were 5,618 housing units at an average density of 312.2 per square mile (120.6/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 66.57% White, 14.71% African American, 0.47% Native American, 0.29% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 15.93% from other races, and 2.03% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 33.19% of the population.
There were 5,335 households out of which 38.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.4% were married couples living together, 14.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.0% were non-families. 22.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.95 and the average family size was 3.45.
In the city the population was spread out with 30.4% under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 27.7% from 25 to 44, 18.5% from 45 to 64, and 12.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $38,923, and the median income for a family was $44,608. Males had a median income of $28,585 versus $22,855 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,677. About 10.4% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.3% of those under age 18 and 15.7% of those age 65 or over.
Education
The city is home to the Ennis Independent School District, which consists of two early childhood centers, four elementary schools, two intermediate schools, one junior high, and Ennis High School. Secondary education offers several extracurricular programs, such as UIL (University Interscholastic League) Academics and Sports, TSA (Technology Student Association), and the National FFA Organization. Sports offered in either junior high and up or exclusively high school include baseball, football, basketball, volleyball, tennis, cross country running, track, powerlifting, softball, soccer, and golf.[9]
St. John Nepomucene Catholic Church once offered a K-12 private school, but was shut down in 2008 due to low enrollment and a lack of profit. The curriculum focused on academics infused with Catholic theological teaching. Sports included softball, baseball, basketball, and soccer – all of which were part of other sports groups competing with other private schools. [citation needed]
Events
The annual National Polka Festival which features Czech cuisine, polka music, dancing, and a parade is held on Memorial Day weekend. The festival started in 1967 by a group of men who thought their Czech heritage should be honored. There is also a contest to find who the Duke and Dutchess of Ennis will be for the year. During the 3 day festival, the Ennis Polka Run takes place to help fund the Rotary Club and the Children's Reading Club of Ennis.
Ennis has an annual Texas Bluebonnet festival during the month of April. During this time, thousands of tourists come to see the bloom of these wildflowers. Ennis was designated by the 1997 State Legislature as the "Official Bluebonnet City of Texas" and home to the "Official Bluebonnet Trail of Texas."
Attractions
Lake Bardwell is a reservoir managed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers located 5 miles south of Ennis. It is a flood-control reservoir in the Trinity River Basin and a conservation pool in the Trinity Valley Authority. Surrounding the lake is a park system consisting of Big Mustang Creek Park, Little Mustang Creek Park, High View Park, Love Park, Mott Park, and Highview Marina, all of which offer boat ramps. The lake and parks offer hiking, horseback riding, camping, fishing, and sport boating opportunities.
The Galaxy Drive-In movie theatre opened in 2004 and draws visitors from around the area, and is most notable for being one of only two drive-in theaters operating in the DFW Metroplex.
Ennis is home to the Texas Motorplex, a quarter-mile drag racing facility built in 1986 by former funny car driver Billy Meyer. It annually hosts the NHRA O'Reilly Fall Nationals each September, when hundreds of professional and amateur drag racers compete for over $2 million in prize money.
The Ennis Railroad and Cultural Heritage Museum is housed in the former Van Noy restaurant building. The museum's collections include: railroad and cultural memorabilia including items related to the Houston and Central Texas Railroad; a large diorama of the old engine roundhouse that once existed just north of the museums location; a large collection of rare china; and a MKT caboose.
The Kachina Prairie is one of the last remaining examples of untouched Texas blackland prairies. Ennis' first bluebonnet trail was marked through this area in 1939.
In popular culture
Scenes from the following movies were filmed in Ennis: Deadly Blessing (1981) starring Sharon Stone; On Valentine’s Day (1986) starring Hallie Foote and Michael Higgins; and Walking Tall: The Payback (2007) with Kevin Sorbo and Haley Ramm.[10]
Scenes from the documentary Flight of the Butterflies (2012) were filmed on Ennis' bluebonnet trails.
In March 21, 2009, the TV show Pinks: All Out hosted a contest at the Texas Motorplex.
Notable people
Perhaps the most notorious people to set foot in Ennis were Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow. Clyde was reared in nearby Telico and apparently maintained ties to family and friends in the area. While on the lam after a series of robberies in the early 1930s, the gangster couple returned to their native Texas, stopping in Ennis on several occasions.[11]
Ernest Tubb, the "Texas Troubadour", was born on a cotton farm outside of Ennis. The future musician failed to impress a neighbor who warned Ernest’s dad, “That damn guitar’s going to be the ruin of that boy.” Ernest Tubb went on to become a notable member of the Country Music Hall of Fame with a discography of 33 albums.[11]
Bob Finley, born in Ennis on November 25, 1915, played for the Philadelphia Phillies from 1943-44. He later went on to serve as an on-field official for the short-lived American Football League and later became a baseball coach at Southern Methodist University, his alma mater, from 1965 to 1976.
Charles Hudson, a retired MLB pitcher, was born in Ennis on March 16, 1959. Like Bob Finley, he started in the MLB with the Philadelphia Phillies from 1983–86, then went on to play for the New York Yankees for two years and the Detroit Tigers for one final year. During his entire MLB career, he played as a starting pitcher. Hudson and Bob Finley are notable for being the only Ennis-natives to appear in the MLB.
Hattie Leah Henenberg, a lawyer who was appointed to the All-Woman Supreme Court of 1925, was a native of Ennis.[12]
Ginger Rogers briefly lived in Ennis in 1913, when she was still a very young child. Rogers' parents were involved in a custody dispute, when her father abducted her from Kansas City and brought her to Ennis to live with his family. Her mother tracked her down two months later. During an appearance on the Phil Donahue Show in the 1990s, Rogers remembered Ennis as “a quiet place and very pretty, just a little country place with tree-lined streets.” [11]
Birthplace of guitarist Darrell Lance Abbott (August 20, 1966 – December 8, 2004). Also known as Diamond Darrell and Dimebag Darrell, Abbott was an American guitarist and songwriter best known as the co-founding member of Pantera and Damageplan, alongside his brother, Vinnie Paul. He was considered to be one of the driving forces behind groove metal. Abbott was shot and killed by a gunman while on stage during a performance with Damageplan on December 8, 2004, at the Alrosa Villa in Columbus, Ohio. He ranked No. 92 in Rolling Stone magazine's 100 Greatest Guitarists and No. 1 in the UK magazine, Metal Hammer. [1]
References
- ^ a b "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
- ^ a b "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (G001): Ennis city, Texas". American Factfinder. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved March 25, 2016.
- ^ a b c d Ennis Historical Society. Ennis Historical Society. Retrieved on May 22, 2015.
- ^ ENNIS, TX | The Handbook of Texas Online| Texas State Historical Association (TSHA). Tshaonline.org (June 12, 2010). Retrieved on 2015-05-22.
- ^ Climate Summary for Ennis, Texas. Weatherbase.com. Retrieved on May 22, 2015.
- ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Retrieved July 2, 2016.
- ^ Texas Almanac: City Population History from 1850–2000. texasalmanac.com
- ^ "Athletics". ennis.k12.tx.us. Archived from the original on October 12, 2011.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Ennis Daily News. Etypeservices.com. Retrieved on May 22, 2015.
- ^ a b c Czeching Up on History by Randy Bigham. EnnisNOW Magazine. May 2013
- ^ "Hattie Leah Henenberg". utexas.edu. Retrieved September 15, 2015.
External links
- City of Ennis official website
- Ennis Chamber of Commerce
- Ennis Independent School District
- National Polka Festival
- The Ennis Daily News
- Texas Motorplex
Municipalities and communities of Ellis County, Texas, United States | ||
|---|---|---|
| Cities |  | |
| Towns | ||
| CDP | ||
| Other communities | ||
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties | |