Euctenizidae
| Euctenizidae | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Aptostichus sp. | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Mygalomorphae |
| Clade: | Avicularioidea |
| Family: | Euctenizidae Raven, 1985 |
| Diversity | |
| 8 genera, 79 species | |
 | |
| blue: reported countries (WSC) green: observation hotspots (iNaturalist) | |
The Euctenizidae are a family of mygalomorph spiders. Originally created as a subfamily of Cyrtaucheniidae by Robert Raven in 1985,[1] it was established as a family by Bond et al. in 2012.[2]
They are now considered to be more closely related to Idiopidae.[2]
Biology
[edit]Many, but not all, make wafer-like doors to their burrows, while others build the cork-like doors found commonly in the true[clarification needed] trapdoor spiders. The biology of nearly all of the species is poorly known.
Distribution
[edit]The family occurs almost exclusively in the United States and Mexico. Common U.S. genera include Myrmekiaphila, Aptostichus and Promyrmekiaphila.
.jpg)
.jpg)
Genera
[edit]As of January 2026[update], this family includes eight genera and 79 species:[3]
- Apomastus Bond & Opell, 2002 – United States
- Aptostichus Simon, 1891 – Mexico, United States
- Cryptocteniza Bond & Hamilton, 2020 – United States
- Entychides Simon, 1888 – Guadeloupe, Mexico, United States
- Eucteniza Ausserer, 1875 – Mexico, United States
- Myrmekiaphila Atkinson, 1886 – United States
- Neoapachella Bond & Opell, 2002 – United States
- Promyrmekiaphila Schenkel, 1950 – United States
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ Raven, R. J. (1985). "The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): cladistics and systematics". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 182: 1–180.
- 1 2 Bond, J. E.; Hendrixson, B. E.; Hamilton, C. A.; Hedin, M. (2012). "A reconsideration of the classification of the spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Arachnida: Araneae) based on three nuclear genes and morphology". PLOS ONE. 7 (6): 1–11. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...738753B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038753. PMC 3378619. PMID 22723885.
- ↑ "Family Euctenizidae Raven, 1985". World Spider Catalog. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2026-01-18.
- Murphy, Frances & Murphy, John (2000): An Introduction to the Spiders of South East Asia. Malaysian Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur.
- Bond, J. E. Phylogenetic treatment and taxonomic revision of the trapdoor spider genus Aptostichus Simon (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Euctenizidae). ZooKeys 252: 1–209.
- Bond, J. E., C. A. Hamilton, N. L. Garrison & C. H. Ray. Phylogenetic reconsideration of Myrmekiaphila systematics with a description of the trapdoor spider species Myrmekiaphila tigris (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Cyrtaucheniidae, Euctenizinae) from Auburn, Alabama. ZooKeys 190: 94–109.
