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Marne (department)

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For other uses, see Marne (department) (disambiguation).
Marne
Department
Prefecture building of the Marne department, in Châlons-en-Champagne
Prefecture building of the Marne department, in Châlons-en-Champagne
Coat of arms of Marne
Coat of arms
Location of Marne in France
Location of Marne in France
CountryFrance
RegionAlsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine
PrefectureChâlons-en-Champagne
SubprefecturesÉpernay
Reims
Sainte-Menehould
Vitry-le-François
Government
 • President of the General CouncilRené-Paul Savary
Area
1
 • Total
8,162 km2 (3,151 sq mi)
Population
 (2013)
 • Total
569,999
 • Rank45th
 • Density70/km2 (180/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Department number51
Arrondissements5
Cantons23
Communes617
^1 French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries, and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1 km2

Marne (French pronunciation: [maʁn]) is a department in north-eastern France named after the river Marne (Matrona in Roman times) which flows through the department. The prefecture (capital) of Marne is Châlons-en-Champagne (formerly known as Châlons-sur-Marne). The subprefectures are Épernay, Reims, Sainte-Menehould, and Vitry-le-François.

The Champagne vineyards producing the world-famous sparkling wine are located within Marne.

History

Marne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790. It was created from the province of Champagne.

Marne has a long association with the French Army. The training ground of the Camp Militaire de Mailly straddles the border with the département of Aube in the south while that of the Camp de Mourmelon occupies a large area north of Châlons-en-Champagne. The smaller Camp de Moronvilliers lies to the east of Reims and the Camp Militaire de Suippes lies to the east of that. These are all on the chalk of the Champagne plateau, a feature comparable in geology but not size, with the British military training ground on Salisbury Plain.

See also: Battles of the Marne (disambiguation)

Geography

Marne is part of the region of Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine and is surrounded by the departments of Ardennes, Meuse, Haute-Marne, Aube, Seine-et-Marne, and Aisne.

Geologically, it divides into two distinct parts; the Upper Cretaceous chalk plain in the east and the more wooded and hilly Eocene and Oligocene in the west.

Rivers draining the department include the Marne, Vesle, Ardre and Somme-Soude. Numerous other rivers, such as the Grande and the Petite Morin rise in the department but flow mainly in others. Conversely, the Aube joins the Seine in the department of Marne.

Demographics

The inhabitants of the department are called Marnais.

Tourism

Reims, with its famous cathedral in which the kings of France were traditionally crowned, is a major attraction. Other branches of tourism are provided by the bird reserve on the Lake Der-Chantecoq and the fishing lakes nearby. The Parc Naturel Régional de la Montagne de Reims is a major area of country recreation. In the west of the département there are many scenic routes to be explored as also are the several wine cellars of Épernay.

See also

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