National Book Award for Fiction
| National Book Award for Fiction | |
|---|---|
| Description | Outstanding literary work by U.S. citizens. |
| Location | New York City |
| First awarded | 1950 |
| Website | National Book Foundation |
The National Book Award for Fiction is one of four annual National Book Awards, which recognize outstanding literary work by United States citizens. Since 1987 the awards have been administered and presented by the National Book Foundation, but they are awards "by writers to writers".[1] The panelists are five "writers who are known to be doing great work in their genre or field".[2]
General fiction was one of four categories when the awards were re-established in 1950. For several years beginning 1980, prior to the Foundation, there were multiple fiction categories: hardcover, paperback, first novel or first work of fiction; from 1981 to 1983 hardcover and paperback children's fiction; and only in 1980 five awards to mystery fiction, science fiction, and western fiction.[3] When the Foundation celebrated the 60th postwar awards in 2009, all but three of the 77 previous winners in fiction categories were in print.[4] The 77 included all eight 1980 winners but excluded the 1981 to 1983 children's fiction winners.[5]
The award recognizes one book written by a U.S. citizen and published in the U.S. from December 1 to November 30. The National Book Foundation accepts nominations from publishers until June 15, requires mailing nominated books to the panelists by August 1, and announces five finalists in October. The winner is announced on the day of the final ceremony in November. The award is $10,000 and a bronze sculpture; other finalists get $1000, a medal, and a citation written by the panel.[6]
There were 315 books nominated for the 2011 award in the fiction category.[7]
National Book Awards for Fiction
From 1935 to 1941 there were six annual awards for general fiction and the "Bookseller Discovery" or "Most Original Book" was sometimes a novel. From 1980 to 1985 there were six annual awards to first novels or first works of fiction. In 1980 there were five awards to mystery, western, or science fiction. There have been many awards to fiction in the Children's or Young People's categories.[8]
Finalists, general fiction
This list covers only the post-war awards (pre-war awards follow) to general fiction for adult readers: one annual winner from 1950 except two undifferentiated winners 1973 to 1975, dual hardcover and paperback winners 1980 to 1983.
For each award the winner is listed first followed by the runners up, currently (from 1987) four losing finalists.
1950 to 1959 [9]
- Published 1949 to 1958
1950: Nelson Algren — The Man with the Golden Arm
- No runners up were recognized. There were five honorable mentions in the non-fiction category only.[10][11]
1951: William Faulkner — Collected Stories of William Faulkner
- No runners up were recognized.[12]
1952: James Jones — From Here to Eternity
- James Agee — The Morning Watch
- Truman Capote — The Grass Harp
- William Faulkner — Requiem for a Nun
- Caroline Gordon — The Strange Children
- Thomas Mann — The Holy Sinner
- John P. Marquand — Melville Goodwin USA
- J.D. Salinger — The Catcher in the Rye
- William Styron — Lie Down in Darkness
- Jessamyn West — The Witch Diggers
- Herman Wouk — The Caine Mutiny
1953: Ralph Ellison — Invisible Man
- Isabel Bolton — Many Mansions
- H.L. Davis — Winds of Morning
- Thomas Gallagher — The Gathering Darkness
- Ernest Hemingway — The Old Man and the Sea
- Carl Jonas — Jefferson Selleck
- Peter Martin — The Landsman
- May Sarton — A Shower of Summer Days
- Jean Stafford — The Catherine Wheel
- John Steinbeck — East of Eden
- William Carlos Williams — The Build-Up
1954: Saul Bellow — The Adventures of Augie March
- No runners up were recognized.[13]
1955: William Faulkner — A Fable
- Harriette Arnow — The Dollmaker
- Hamilton Basso — The View from Pompey's Head
- Davis Grubb — The Night of the Hunter
- Randall Jarrell — Pictures from an Institution
- Milton Lott — The Last Hunt
- Frederick Manfred — Lord Grizzly
- William March — The Bad Seed
- Wright Morris — The Huge Season
- Frank Rooney — The Courts of Memory
- John Steinbeck — Sweet Thursday
1956: John O'Hara — Ten North Frederick
- Paul Bowles — The Spider's House
- Shirley Ann Grau — The Black Prince, and Other Stories
- MacKinlay Kantor — Andersonville
- Flannery O'Connor — A Good Man is Hard to Find
- May Sarton — Faithful Are the Wounds
- Robert Penn Warren — Band of Angels
- Eudora Welty — The Bride of the Innisfallen
- Herman Wouk — Marjorie Morningstar
1957: Wright Morris — The Field of Vision
- Nelson Algren — A Walk on the Wild Side
- James Baldwin — Giovanni's Room
- Saul Bellow — Seize the Day
- B.J. Chute — Greenwillow
- A.B. Guthrie – These Thousand Hills
- John Hersey — A Single Pebble
- John Hunt — Generations of Men
- Edwin O'Connor — The Last Hurrah
- J.F. Powers — The Presence of Grace
- Elizabeth Spencer — The Voice at the Back Door
- James Thurber — Further Fables for Our Time
1958: John Cheever — The Wapshot Chronicle
- James Agee — A Death in the Family
- James Gould Cozzens — By Love Possessed
- Mark Harris — Something About a Soldier
- Andrew Lytle — The Velvet Horn
- Bernard Malamud — The Assistant
- Wright Morris — Love Among the Cannibals
- Vladimir Nabokov — Pnin
- Ayn Rand — Atlas Shrugged
- Nancy Wilson Ross — The Return of Lady Brace
- May Sarton — The Birth of a Grandfather
1959: Bernard Malamud — The Magic Barrel
- J.P. Donleavy — The Ginger Man
- William Humphrey — Home from the Hill
- Vladimir Nabokov — Lolita
- John O'Hara — From the Terrace
- J.R. Salamanca — The Lost Country
- Anya Seton — The Winthrop Woman
- Robert Traver — Anatomy of a Murder
1960 to 1969 [14]
- Published 1959 to 1968
1960: Philip Roth — Goodbye, Columbus[15]
- Louis Auchincloss — Pursuit of the Prodigal
- Hamilton Basso — The Light Infantry Ball
- Saul Bellow — Henderson the Rain King
- Evan S. Connell, Jr. — Mrs. Bridge
- William Faulkner — The Mansion
- Mark Harris — Wake Up, Stupid
- John Hersey — The War Lover
- H.L. Humes — Men Die
- Shirley Jackson — The Haunting of Hill House
- Elizabeth Janeway — The Third Choice
- James Jones — The Pistol
- Warren Miller — The Cool World
- James Purdy — Malcolm
- Leo Rosten — The Return of H*Y*M*A*N K*A*P*L*A*N (2nd of two short story collections; see 1937)
- John Updike — The Poorhouse Fair
- Robert Penn Warren — The Cave
- Morris West — The Devil's Advocate
1961: Conrad Richter — The Waters of Kronos
- Louis Auchincloss — The House of Five Talents
- Kay Boyle — Generation Without Farewell
- John Hersey — The Child Buyer
- John Knowles — A Separate Peace
- Harper Lee — To Kill a Mockingbird
- Wright Morris — Ceremony in Lone Tree
- Flannery O'Connor — The Violent Bear It Away
- Elizabeth Spencer — The Light in the Piazza and Other Italian Tales
- Francis Steegmuller — The Christening Party
- John Updike — Rabbit, Run
- Mildred Walker — The Body of a Young Man
1962: Walker Percy — The Moviegoer
- Hortense Calisher — False Entry
- George P. Elliott — Among the Dangs
- Joseph Heller — Catch-22
- Bernard Malamud — A New Life
- William Maxwell — The Chateau
- J.D. Salinger — Franny and Zooey
- Isaac Bashevis Singer — The Spinoza of Market Street and Other Stories
- Edward Lewis Wallant — The Pawnbroker
- Joan Williams — The Morning and the Evening
- Richard Yates — Revolutionary Road
1963: J. F. Powers — Morte d'Urban
- Vladimir Nabokov — Pale Fire
- Katherine Anne Porter — Ship of Fools
- Dawn Powell — The Golden Spur
- Clancy Sigal — Going Away
- John Updike — Pigeon Feathers and Other Stories
1964: John Updike — The Centaur
- Bernard Malamud — Idiots First
- Mary McCarthy — The Group
- Thomas Pynchon — V.
- Harvey Swados — The Will
1965: Saul Bellow — Herzog
- Louis Auchincloss — The Rector of Justin
- John Hawkes — Second Skin
- Richard E. Kim — The Martyred
- Wallace Markfield — To an Early Grave
- Vladimir Nabokov — The Defense
- Isaac Bashevis Singer — Short Friday
1966: Katherine Anne Porter — The Collected Stories of Katherine Anne Porter
- Jesse Hill Ford — The Liberation of Lord Byron Jones
- Peter Matthiessen — At Play in the Fields of the Lord
- James Merrill — The (Diblos) Notebook
- Flannery O'Connor — Everything That Rises Must Converge
- Harry Mark Petrakis — Pericles on 31st Street
1967: Bernard Malamud — The Fixer
- Louis Auchincloss — The Embezzler
- Edwin O'Connor — All in the Family
- Walker Percy — The Last Gentleman
- Harry Mark Petrakis — A Dream of Kings
- Wilfrid Sheed — Office Politics
1968: Thornton Wilder — The Eighth Day
- Norman Mailer — Why Are We in Vietnam?
- Joyce Carol Oates — A Garden of Earthly Delights
- Chaim Potok — The Chosen
- William Styron — Confessions of Nat Turner
1969: Jerzy Kosinski — Steps
- John Barth — Lost in the Funhouse
- Frederick Exley — A Fan's Notes
- Joyce Carol Oates — Expensive People
- Thomas Rogers — The Pursuit of Happiness
1970 to 1979 [16]
- Published 1969 to 1978
1970: Joyce Carol Oates — them
- Leonard Gardner — Fat City
- Leonard Michaels — Going Places
- Jean Stafford — The Collected Stories of Jean Stafford
- Kurt Vonnegut, Jr. — Slaughterhouse Five or The Children's Crusade
1971: Saul Bellow — Mr. Sammler's Planet
- James Dickey — Deliverance
- Shirley Hazzard — The Bay of Noon
- John Updike – Bech: A Book
- Eudora Welty — Losing Battles
1972: Flannery O'Connor — The Complete Stories
- The Complete Stories was named the "Best of the National Book Awards"[17] as part of the Fiction Award's 60th anniversary celebration in 2009, by internet visitors voting on a ballot of the best six award winners selected by writers associated with the Foundation.[18]
- Frederick Buechner, Lion Country
- E.L. Doctorow, The Book of Daniel
- Stanley Elkin, The Dick Gibson Show
- Tom McHale, Farragan's Retreat
- Joyce Carol Oates, Wonderland
- Cynthia Ozick, The Pagan Rabbi and Other Stories
- Walker Percy, Love in the Ruins
- Earl Thompson, A Garden of Sand
- John Updike, Rabbit Redux
1973: John Barth — Chimera[19]
1973: John Edward Williams — Augustus[20]
- Split award.[a]
There were twelve winners in ten categories this year.[21]
- Brock Brower — The Late Great Creature
- Alan H. Friedman — Hermaphrodeity
- Barry Hannah — Geronimo Rex
- George V. Higgins — The Friends of Eddie Coyle
- R.M. Koster — The Prince
- Vladimir Nabokov — Transparent Things
- Ishmael Reed — Mumbo Jumbo
- Thomas Rogers — The Confessions of a Child of the Century
- Isaac Bashevis Singer — Enemies, A Love Story
- Eudora Welty — The Optimist's Daughter
1974: Thomas Pynchon — Gravity's Rainbow[22]
1974: Isaac Bashevis Singer — A Crown of Feathers and Other Stories[23]
- Doris Betts — Beasts of the Southern Wild and Other Stories
- John Cheever — The World of Apples
- Ellen Douglas — Apostles of Light
- Stanley Elkin — Searches and Seizures
- John Gardner — Nickel Mountain
- John Leonard — Black Conceit
- Thomas McGuane — Ninety-Two in the Shade
- Wilfrid Sheed — People Will Always Be Kind
- Gore Vidal — Burr
- Joy Williams — State of Grace
1975: Robert Stone — Dog Soldiers[25]
1975: Thomas Williams — The Hair of Harold Roux[26]
- Donald Barthelme — Guilty Pleasures
- Gail Godwin — The Odd Woman
- Joseph Heller — Something Happened
- Toni Morrison — Sula
- Vladimir Nabokov — Look at the Harlequins!
- Grace Paley — Enormous Changes at the Last Minute
- Philip Roth — My Life As a Man
- Mark Smith — The Death of a Detective
1976: William Gaddis — J R
- Saul Bellow — Humboldt's Gift
- Hortense Calisher — The Collected Stories of Hortense Calisher
- Johanna Kaplan — Other People's Lives
- Vladimir Nabokov — Tyrants Destroyed and Other Stories
- Larry Woiwode — Beyond the Bedroom Wall
1977: Wallace Stegner — The Spectator Bird
- Raymond Carver — Will You Please Be Quiet, Please?
- MacDonald Harris — The Balloonist
- Ursula K. Le Guin — Orsinian Tales
- Cynthia Propper Seton — A Fine Romance
1978: Mary Lee Settle — Blood Tie
- Robert Coover — The Public Burning
- Peter De Vries — Madder Music
- James Alan McPherson — Elbow Room
- John Sayles — Union Dues
1979: Tim O'Brien — Going After Cacciato
- John Cheever — The Stories of John Cheever
- John Irving — The World According to Garp
- Diane Johnson — Lying Low
- David Plante — The Family
1980 to 1989[28]
- 1980 to 1983 winners published 1979 to 1982.
For 1980 to 1983 this list covers the paired "Fiction (hardcover)" and "Fiction (paperback)" awards in that order. Hard and paper editions were distinguished only in these four years; none of the paperback winners were original; in their first editions all had been losing finalists in 1979 or 1981.
From 1980 to 1985 there was also one award for first novel or first work of fiction and in 1980 there were five more awards for mystery, western, and science fiction.[8] None of those are covered here.
1980 hardcover:[29] William Styron — Sophie's Choice
- James Baldwin — Just Above My Head
- Norman Mailer — The Executioner's Song
- Philip Roth — The Ghost Writer
- Scott Spencer — Endless Love
- 1980 paperback:[30] John Irving — The World According to Garp
- Paul Bowles — Collected Stories
- Gail Godwin — Violet Clay
- John Updike — Too Far to Go
- Marguerite Young — Miss MacIntosh, My Darling, Volumes 1 and 2
1981 hardcover:[31] Wright Morris — Plains Song: For Female Voices
- Shirley Hazzard — The Transit of Venus
- William Maxwell — So Long, See You Tomorrow
- Walker Percy — The Second Coming
- Eudora Welty — The Collected Stories of Eudora Welty
- 1981 paperback:[32] John Cheever — The Stories of John Cheever
1982 hardcover:[33] John Updike — Rabbit is Rich
- Mark Helprin — Ellis Island and Other Stories
- John Irving — The Hotel New Hampshire
- Robert Stone — A Flag for Sunrise
- William Wharton – Dad
- 1982 paperback:[34] William Maxwell — So Long, See You Tomorrow
1983 hardcover:[35] Alice Walker — The Color Purple
- Gail Godwin — A Mother and Two Daughters
- Bobbie Ann Mason — Shiloh and Other Stories
- Paul Theroux — The Mosquito Coast
- Anne Tyler — Dinner at the Homesick Restaurant
- 1983 paperback:[36] Eudora Welty — The Collected Stories of Eudora Welty
1983 entries were published during 1982; winners in 27 categories were announced April 13 and privately celebrated April 28, 1983.[37]
1984 entries for the "revamped" awards in three categories were published November 1983 to October 1984; eleven finalists were announced October 17.[38] Winners were announced and celebrated November 15, 1984.[39]
1984: Ellen Gilchrist — Victory Over Japan: A Book of Stories
1985: Don DeLillo — White Noise
1986: E.L. Doctorow — World's Fair
1987: Larry Heinemann — Paco's Story
- Alice McDermott — That Night
- Toni Morrison — Beloved
- Howard Norman — The Northern Lights
- Philip Roth — The Counterlife
1988: Pete Dexter — Paris Trout
- Don DeLillo — Libra
- Mary McGarry Morris — Vanished
- J. F. Powers — Wheat That Springeth Green
- Anne Tyler — Breathing Lessons
1989: John Casey — Spartina
- E.L. Doctorow — Billy Bathgate
- Katherine Dunn — Geek Love
- Oscar Hijuelos — Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love
- Amy Tan — The Joy Luck Club
1990 to 1999[40]
- Published 1990 to 1999
1990: Charles Johnson — Middle Passage
- Felipe Alfau — Chromos
- Elena Castedo — Paradise
- Jessica Hagedorn — Dogeaters
- Joyce Carol Oates — Because It Is Bitter, and Because It Is My Heart
1991: Norman Rush — Mating
- Louis Begley — Wartime Lies
- Stephen Dixon — Frog
- Stanley Elkin — The MacGuffin
- Sandra Scofield — Beyond Deserving
1992: Cormac McCarthy — All the Pretty Horses
- Dorothy Allison — Bastard Out of Carolina
- Cristina García — Dreaming in Cuban
- Edward P. Jones — Lost in the City
- Robert Stone — Outerbridge Reach
1993: E. Annie Proulx — The Shipping News
- Amy Bloom — Come to Me: Stories
- Thom Jones — The Pugilist at Rest
- Richard Powers — Operation Wandering Soul
- Bob Shacochis — Swimming in the Volcano
1994: William Gaddis — A Frolic of His Own
- Ellen Currie — Moses Supposes
- Richard Dooling — White Man's Grave
- Howard Norman — The Bird Artist
- Grace Paley — The Collected Stories
1995: Philip Roth — Sabbath's Theater
- Madison Smartt Bell — All Souls' Rising
- Edwidge Danticat — Krik? Krak!
- Stephen Dixon — Interstate
- Rosario Ferré — The House on the Lagoon
1996: Andrea Barrett — Ship Fever and Other Stories
- Ron Hansen — Atticus
- Elizabeth McCracken — The Giant's House
- Steven Millhauser — Martin Dressler: The Tale of an American Dreamer
- Janet Peery — The River Beyond the World
1997: Charles Frazier — Cold Mountain
- Don DeLillo — Underworld
- Diane Johnson — Le Divorce
- Ward Just — Echo House
- Cynthia Ozick — The Puttermesser Papers
1998: Alice McDermott — Charming Billy
- Allegra Goodman — Kaaterskill Falls
- Gayl Jones — The Healing
- Robert Stone — Damascus Gate
- Tom Wolfe — A Man in Full
- Andre Dubus III — House of Sand and Fog
- Kent Haruf — Plainsong
- Patricia Henley — Hummingbird House
- Jean Thompson — Who Do You Love
2000 to 2009[41]
- Published 2000 to 2009
2000: Susan Sontag — In America
- Charles Baxter — The Feast of Love
- Alan Lightman — The Diagnosis
- Joyce Carol Oates — Blonde
- Francine Prose — Blue Angel
2001: Jonathan Franzen — The Corrections
- Dan Chaon — Among the Missing
- Jennifer Egan — Look at Me
- Louise Erdrich — The Last Report on the Miracles at Little No Horse
- Susan Straight — Highwire Moon
2002: Julia Glass — Three Junes
- Mark Costello — Big If
- Adam Haslett — You Are Not a Stranger Here
- Martha McPhee — Gorgeous Lies
- Brad Watson — The Heaven of Mercury
2003: Shirley Hazzard — The Great Fire
- T.C. Boyle — Drop City
- Edward P. Jones — The Known World
- Scott Spencer — A Ship Made of Paper
- Marianne Wiggins — Evidence of Things Unseen: A Novel
2004: Lily Tuck — The News from Paraguay
- Sarah Shun-lien Bynum — Madeleine is Sleeping
- Christine Schutt — Florida
- Joan Silber — Ideas of Heaven: A Ring of Stories
- Kate Walbert — Our Kind
2005: William Vollmann — Europe Central
- E.L. Doctorow — The March
- Mary Gaitskill — Veronica
- Christopher Sorrentino — Trance
- Rene Steinke — Holy Skirts
2006: Richard Powers — The Echo Maker
- Mark Z. Danielewski — Only Revolutions
- Ken Kalfus — A Disorder Peculiar to the Country
- Dana Spiotta — Eat the Document
- Jess Walter — The Zero
2007: Denis Johnson — Tree of Smoke
- Mischa Berlinski — Fieldwork
- Lydia Davis — Varieties of Disturbance
- Joshua Ferris — Then We Came to the End
- Jim Shepard — Like You'd Understand, Anyway
2008: Peter Matthiessen — Shadow Country
- Aleksandar Hemon — The Lazarus Project
- Rachel Kushner — Telex from Cuba
- Marilynne Robinson — Home
- Salvatore Scibona — The End
2009: Colum McCann — Let the Great World Spin
- Bonnie Jo Campbell — American Salvage
- Daniyal Mueenuddin — In Other Rooms, Other Wonders
- Jayne Anne Phillips — Lark and Termite
- Marcel Theroux — Far North
2010 to date[42]
- Published during the award year.
2010: Jaimy Gordon — Lord of Misrule
- Peter Carey — Parrot and Olivier in America
- Nicole Krauss — Great House
- Lionel Shriver — So Much for That
- Karen Tei Yamashita — I Hotel
2011: Jesmyn Ward — Salvage the Bones
- Andrew Krivak — The Sojourn
- Téa Obreht — The Tiger's Wife
- Julie Otsuka — The Buddha in the Attic
- Edith Pearlman — Binocular Vision
2012:[43] Louise Erdrich — The Round House[44][45]
- Junot Díaz — This Is How You Lose Her
- Dave Eggers — A Hologram for the King
- Ben Fountain — Billy Lynn's Long Halftime Walk
- Kevin Powers — The Yellow Birds
2013:[46][47] James McBride — The Good Lord Bird
- Rachel Kushner — The Flamethrowers
- Jhumpa Lahiri — The Lowland
- Thomas Pynchon — Bleeding Edge
- George Saunders — Tenth of December: Stories
2014:[48] Phil Klay — Redeployment'[49]
- Rabih Alameddine — An Unnecessary Woman
- Anthony Doerr — All the Light We Cannot See
- Emily St. John Mandel — Station Eleven
- Marilynne Robinson — Lila
2015: Adam Johnson — Fortune Smiles
- Karen Bender — Refund: Stories
- Lauren Groff — Fates and Furies
- Angela Flournoy — The Turner House
- Hanya Yanagihara — A Little Life
Early awards for fiction
The National Book Awards for 1935 to 1940 annually recognized the "Most Distinguished Novel" or "Favorite Fiction" (one award). Furthermore, works of fiction were eligible for the "Bookseller Discovery" and "Most Original Book" (two awards); fiction winners are listed here. In 1937 and 1939 alone, The New York Times reported close seconds and runners up respectively.[50][51][52][53][54][55]
There was only one National Book Award for 1941, the Bookseller Discovery, which recognized a novel;[56] then none until their 1950 revival for 1949 books in three categories including Fiction.
- Novel
1935:[50] Rachel Field, Time Out of Mind
1936:[51] Margaret Mitchell, Gone With the Wind
- Fiction
1937:[52] A. J. Cronin, The Citadel
- Conrad Richter, The Sea of Grass[b]
- Kenneth Roberts, Northwest Passage[b]
- Leonard Q. Ross (Leo Rosten), The Education of H*Y*M*A*N K*A*P*L*A*N[b] (short stories)
1938:[53] Daphne Du Maurier, Rebecca
1939:[54] John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath
- Sholom Asch, The Nazarene
1940:[55] Richard Llewellyn, How Green Was My Valley
- Bookseller Discovery, 1936 to 1941
- Works of fiction constituted four winners and the only other known finalists, 1937 and 1939.
1936:[51] Norah Lofts, I Met a Gypsy (short stories)
1937:[52] Lawrence Watkin, On Borrowed Time (novel)
- see 1937 Fiction[b]
1938: see nonfiction
1939:[54] Elgin Groseclose, Ararat (novel)
- Chard Powers Smith, Artillery of Time, I
1940: see nonfiction
1941:[56] George Sessions Perry, Hold Autumn in Your Hand (novel)
- Most Original Book, 1935 to 1939
- Works of fiction constituted two winners and the only other known finalists, 1937 and 1939.
1935:[50] Charles G. Finney, The Circus of Dr. Lao (novel)
1936: see nonfiction
1937: see nonfiction
- see 1937 Fiction[b]
1938: see nonfiction
1939:[54] Dalton Trumbo, Johnny Got His Gun (novel)
Repeat winners
Notes
- ^ a b c The Fiction panels split the 1973, 1974, and 1975 awards. Split awards have been prohibited continuously from 1984.
- ^ a b c d e Contemporary coverage by The New York Times lists four "close seconds" for the four awards, three of which were works of fiction. The third listed was nonfiction, but Nonfiction was the second listed award winner, so the allocation of "close seconds" to award categories is uncertain.
References
- ^ "History of the National Book Awards". National Book Foundation (NBF): About Us. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
- ^ "How the National Book Awards Work". NBF: Awards. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
- ^ "National Book Award Winners: 1950 – 2009". NBF: Awards. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
- ^ "A Celebration of the 60th National Book Awards" (2009 online poll). NBF: Awards: Best of the NBAs Fiction. Retrieved before 2011-10.
- ^ "60 Years of the National Book Awards – 79 Fiction Winners" (2009). NBF: Awards: Best of the NBAs Fiction. Retrieved 2012-01-05.
- ^ "National Book Award Selection Process". NBF: Awards. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
- ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". NBF: About Us. Retrieved 2014-08-28.
- ^ a b NBF: Awards: "National Book Award Winners: 1950 – 2009". Retrieved 2012-01-05.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1950". NBF. Retrieved 2012-04-01. (Select 1950 to 1959 from the top left menu.)
- ^ 1950.
- ^ "Book Publishers Make 3 Awards: ... Gold Plaques", The New York Times, March 17, 1950, page 21. Available online by subscription, Proquest Historical Newspapers.
- ^ 1951.
Having won the Nobel Prize for Literature fifteen months earlier, Faulkner reportedly said, "I could have written a cookbook this year and they would have given me the National Book Award." - ^ 1954.
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1960". NBF. Retrieved 2012-04-01. (Select 1960 to 1969 from the top left menu.)
- ^
1960.
This was Roth's first published book. - ^ "National Book Awards – 1970". NBF. Retrieved 2012-04-01. (Select 1970 to 1979 from the top left menu.)
- ^ Alice Elliott Dark, et al. "1972". 60 Years of Honoring Great American Books (book-a-day blog, later updated to identify this book as the winner) July 28, 2009. NBF. Retrieved 2012-01-25.
- ^ "A Celebration of the 60th National Book Awards" (2009 online poll). NBF: Awards: Best of the NBAs Fiction. Retrieved before 2012-01-25.
- ^ 1973 (one of two).
- ^ 1973 (one of two).
- ^ "2 Book Awards Split for First Time: ...", Eric Pace, The New York Times, Apr 11, 1973, page 38. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2007). (Alternative (pay for entire article): Retrieved 2012-01-25.)
- ^ 1974 (one of two).
- ^ 1974 (one of two).
- ^ "Books Presents Its Oscars: Audience Wonders", Steven R. Weismann, The New York Times, Apr 19, 1974, page 24. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2007).
- ^ 1975 (one of two).
- ^ 1975 (one of two).
- ^
"The Last of the National Book Awards?", The Guest Word by William Cole, The New York Times, May 4, 1975, page 288. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2007).
• The Committee on Awards Policy, temporary administrator, "begged" judges not to split awards. - ^ "National Book Awards – 1980". NBF. Retrieved 2012-04-01. (Select 1980 to 1989 from the top left menu.)
- ^ 1980 hardcover.
- ^ 1981 paperback.
- ^ 1981 hardcover.
- ^ 1981 paperback.
- ^ 1982 hardcover.
- ^ 1982 paperback.
- ^ 1983 hardcover.
- ^ 1983 paperback.
- ^ "American Book Awards Announced". Edwin McDowell. The New York Times, April 14, 1983, page C30. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2007).
- ^ "11 Nominated for American Book Awards". By Edwin McDowell. The New York Times, October 18, 1984, page C25. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2007).
- ^ "Three Writers Win Book Awards". The New York Times, November 16, 1984, page C32. ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times (1851-2007).
- ^ "National Book Awards – 1990". NBF. Retrieved 2012-04-01. (Select 1990 to 1999 from the top left menu.)
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2000". NBF. Retrieved 2012-04-01. (Select 2000 to 2009 from the top left menu.)
- ^ "National Book Awards – 2010". NBF. Retrieved 2012-04-01. (Select 2010 or a later year from the top left menu.)
- ^ "National Book Award Finalists Announced Today". Library Journal. October 10, 2012. Retrieved 2012-11-15.
- ^ "2012 National Book Awards Go to Erdrich, Boo, Ferry, Alexander". Publishers Weekly. Retrieved 2012-11-15.
- ^ Leslie Kaufman (November 14, 2012). "Novel About Racial Injustice Wins National Book Award". New York Times. Retrieved 2012-11-15.
- ^ "2013 National Book Awards". NBF. Retrieved 2013-10-21.
- ^ Julie Boseman, "Finalists for National Book Awards Announced", New York Times, October 16, 2013. Retrieved 2013-10-16.
- ^ Alex Shephard (October 15, 2014). "National Book Awards shortlists announced". Melville House Publishing. Retrieved October 15, 2014.
- ^ Alter, Alexandra (November 19, 2014). "National Book Award Goes to Phil Klay for His Short Story Collection". The New York Times. Retrieved November 20, 2014.
- ^ a b c "Lewis is Scornful of Radio Culture: Nothing Ever Will Replace the Old-Fashioned Book, He Tells Booksellers", The New York Times, 1936-05-12, page 25. ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times (1851-2007).
- ^ a b c "5 Honors Awarded on the Year's Books: Authors of Preferred Volumes Hailed at Luncheon of Booksellers Group", The New York Times, 1937-02-26, page 23. ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times (1851-2007).
- ^ a b c "Booksellers Give Prize to 'Citadel': Cronin's Work About Doctors Their Favorite--'Mme. Curie' Gets Non-Fiction Award TWO OTHERS WIN HONORS Fadiman Is 'Not Interested' in What Pulitzer Committee Thinks of Selections", The New York Times 1938-03-02, page 14. ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times (1851-2007).
- ^ a b "Book About Plants Receives Award: Dr. Fairchild's 'Garden' Work Cited by Booksellers", The New York Times 1939-02-15, page 20. ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times (1851-2007).
- ^ a b c d "1939 Book Awards Given by Critics: Elgin Groseclose's 'Ararat' is Picked as Work Which Failed to Get Due Recognition", The New York Times, 1940-02-14, page 25. ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times (1851-2007).
- ^ a b "Books and Authors", The New York Times, 1941-02-16, page BR12. ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times (1851-2007).
- ^ a b "Neglected Author Gets High Honor: 1941 Book Award Presented to George Perry for 'Hold Autumn In Your Hand'", The New York Times, 1942-02-11, page 18. ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times (1851-2007).
External links
- The Contenders: 61 Years of National Book Award Fiction Finalists, special exhibit, June 2012. "Down Memory Lane With the National Book Awards (and Not Just the Winners), New York Times, June 22, 2012.