1826–27 United States Senate elections

United States Senate elections, 1826 and 1827
16 of the 48 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections); 25 seats needed for a majority
Majority party before election; Jacksonian;	Elected Majority party ; Jacksonian;

The United States Senate elections of 1826 and 1827 were elections that had the majority Jacksonians gain a seat in the United States Senate.

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by State legislatures.

Results summary

Senate Party Division, 20th Congress (1827–1829)

Majority Party: Jacksonian (27)
Minority Party: Adams (20–21)
Other Parties: (0)
Total Seats: 48

Change in Senate composition

Senate composition before the elections

AJ₁₅	AJ₁₆	AJ₁₇	AJ₁₈	AJ₁₉	AJ₂₀	AJ₂₁	AJ₂₂	J₂₆	J₂₅
						AJ₁	AJ₂	AJ₃	AJ₄
AJ₁₄	AJ₁₃	AJ₁₂	AJ₁₁	AJ₁₀	AJ₉	AJ₈	AJ₇	AJ₆	AJ₅
Majority →									J₂₅
J₁₅	J₁₆	J₁₇	J₁₈	J₁₉	J₂₀	J₂₁	J₂₂	J₂₃	J₂₄
J₁₄	J₁₃	J₁₂	J₁₁	J₁₀	J₉	J₈	J₇	J₆	J₅
						J₁	J₂	J₃	J₄

Senate composition after elections

A₁₅ Re-elected	A₁₆ Re-elected	A₁₇ Re-elected	A₁₈ Re-elected	A₁₉ Hold	A₂₀ Gain	V₁ A/AJ Loss	J₂₇ Gain	J₂₆ Gain	J₂₅ Hold
						A₁	A₂	A₃	A₄
A₁₄	A₁₃	A₁₂	A₁₁	A₁₀	A₉	A₈	A₇	A₆	A₅
Majority, with vacancy →									J₂₄ Hold
J₁₅	J₁₆	J₁₇	J₁₈	J₁₉ Re-elected	J₂₀ Re-elected	J₂₁ Re-elected	J₂₂ Re-elected	J₂₃ Hold	J₂₄ Hold
J₁₄	J₁₃	J₁₂	J₁₁	J₁₀	J₉	J₈	J₇	J₆	J₅
						J₁	J₂	J₃	J₄

Key:

A_#	= Adams
AJ_#	= Anti-Jacksonian
J_#	= Jacksonian
V_#	= Vacant

Race summaries

Special elections during the 19th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1826 or before March 4, 1827; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
New York (Class 3)	Vacant			Seat vacant after an 1824 legislative deadlock. New senator elected January 14, 1826. Anti-Jacksonian gain.	√ Nathan Sanford (Anti-Jacksonian) [data missing]
Maryland (Class 3)	Edward Lloyd	Jacksonian	1819 (Elected) 1825 (Re-elected)	Incumbent resigned January 14, 1826. New senator elected January 24, 1826. Anti-Jacksonian gain.	√ Ezekiel F. Chambers (Anti-Jacksonian) [data missing]
Mississippi (Class 1)	Powhatan Ellis	Jacksonian	1825 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected January 28, 1826. Jacksonian hold.	√ Thomas Reed (Jacksonian) [data missing]
Massachusetts (Class 2)	James Lloyd	Anti-Jacksonian	1808 (Special) 1808 (Elected) 1813 Resigned 1822 (Special) 1822 (Re-elected)	Incumbent resigned May 23, 1826. New senator elected May 31, 1826. Anti-Jacksonian hold.	√ Nathaniel Silsbee (Anti-Jacksonian) [data missing]
New Jersey (Class 1)	Joseph McIlvaine	Anti-Jacksonian	1823 (Special)	Incumbent died August 19, 1826 New senator elected November 10, 1826. Anti-Jacksonian hold. Winner also elected to the next term, see below.	√ Ephraim Bateman (Anti-Jacksonian) [data missing]
Alabama (Class 3)	Israel Pickens	Jacksonian	1826 (Appointed)	Interim appointee not elected to finish the term. New senator elected November 27, 1826. Jacksonian hold.	√ John McKinley (Jacksonian) [data missing]
South Carolina (Class 3)	William Harper	Jacksonian	1826 (Appointed)	Interim appointee not elected to finish the term. New senator elected November 29, 1826. Jacksonian hold.	√ William Smith (Jacksonian) [data missing]
Delaware (Class 2)	Daniel Rodney	Anti-Jacksonian	1826 (Appointed)	Interim appointee not elected to finish the term. New senator elected January 12, 1827. Anti-Jacksonian hold.	√ Henry M. Ridgely (Anti-Jacksonian) [data missing]

Races leading to the 20th Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1827; ordered by state.

Note: Senators who called themselves "Anti-Jacksonian" or "National Republicans" changed their affiliation to "Adams" or "Adams Men." In this table, this change of name is not considered a change in party.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Connecticut	Henry W. Edwards	Jacksonian	1823 (Appointed) 1824 (Special)	Unknown if incumbent retired or lost. New senator elected. Adams gain.	√ Samuel A. Foote (Adams) [data missing]
Delaware	Thomas Clayton	Anti-Jacksonian	1824 (Special)	Unknown if incumbent retired or lost. New senator elected. Jacksonian gain.	√ Louis McLane (Jacksonian) [data missing]
Indiana	James Noble	Anti-Jacksonian	1816 1821	Incumbent re-elected as Adams.	√ James Noble (Adams) [data missing]
Maine	John Holmes	Anti-Jacksonian	1820 (short term) 1820 (long term)	Unknown if incumbent retired or lost. New senator elected. Jacksonian gain.	√ Albion K. Parris (Jacksonian) [data missing]
Maryland	Samuel Smith	Jacksonian	1802 1809 1815 (Lost) 1822 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Samuel Smith (Jacksonian) [data missing]
Massachusetts	Elijah H. Mills	Anti-Jacksonian	1820 (Special) 1820 or 1821	Incumbent lost re-election. Legislature elected late. Anti-Jacksonian loss.	[data missing]
Mississippi	Thomas Reed	Jacksonian	1826 (Special)	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected in 1826 or 1827. Jacksonian hold.	√ Powhatan Ellis (Jacksonian) [data missing]
Missouri	Thomas H. Benton	Jacksonian	1821	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Thomas H. Benton (Jacksonian) [data missing]
New Jersey	Joseph McIlvaine	Anti-Jacksonian	1823 (Special)	Died August 19, 1826. New senator elected November 10, 1826. Adams hold. Winner was also elected to finish the preceding term, see above.	√ Ephraim Bateman (Adams) [data missing]
New York	Martin Van Buren	Jacksonian	1821	Incumbent re-elected February 6, 1827.	√ Martin Van Buren (Jacksonian) [data missing]
Ohio	Benjamin Ruggles	Anti-Jacksonian	1815 1821	Incumbent re-elected as Adams.	√ Benjamin Ruggles (Adams), unopposed^[1]
Pennsylvania	William Findlay	Jacksonian	1821	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Jacksonian hold.	√ Isaac D. Barnard (Jacksonian) 81.20% Samuel D. Ingham (Jacksonian) 8.27% Joseph Hemphill (Jacksonian) 3.76% James Buchanan (Jacksonian) 2.26% Thomas Sergeant (Jacksonian) 0.75% Not voting 3.76%
Rhode Island	Asher Robbins	Anti-Jacksonian	1825 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected as Adams.	√ Asher Robbins (Adams) [data missing]
Tennessee	John H. Eaton	Jacksonian	1818 (Appointed) 1819 (Special) 1821 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John H. Eaton (Jacksonian) [data missing]
Vermont	Horatio Seymour	Anti-Jacksonian	1821	Incumbent re-elected as Adams.	√ Horatio Seymour (Adams) [data missing]
Virginia	John Randolph	Jacksonian	1825 (Appointed)	Appointee lost election. New senator elected. Jacksonian hold.	√ John Tyler (Jacksonian) [data missing]

Elections during the 20th Congress

In this election, the winner was seated in 1827 after the new Congress began on March 4.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Massachusetts (Class 1)	Vacant			Vacant due to late election. New senator elected June 8, 1827. Adams gain.	√ Daniel Webster (Adams)

References

^ http://www.ourcampaigns.com/ContainerHistory.html?ContainerID=263

Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present, via Senate.gov

[1] ttp://www.ourcampaigns.com/ContainerHistory.html?ContainerID=263

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