Allium victorialis

Allium victorialis
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily:	Allioideae
Genus:	Allium
Subgenus:	A. subg. Anguinum
Species:	A. victorialis
Binomial name
	Allium victorialis; L. Sp. Pl. 1: 295. 1753
Synonyms
	Synonymy Cepa victorialis (L.) Moench ; Loncostemon victoriale (L.) Raf. ; Geboscon lanceolatum Raf. ; Geboscon triphylum Raf. ; Berenice victorialis (L.) Salisb. ; Anguinum victorialis (L.) Fourr. ; Caloscordum victorialis (L.) Banfi & Galasso ; Allium plantagineum Lam. ; Allium convallarifolium Pall. ex Ledeb. ; Allium plantaginense Willk. & Lange ; Allium longibulbum Dulac ; Allium reticulatum St.-Lag. 1880, illegitimate homonym not J. Presl & C. Presl 1819 ; Allium anguinum Bubani. ;

Allium victorialis, commonly known as victory onion, Alpine leek, and Alpine broad-leaf allium^[5] is a broad-leaved Eurasian species of wild onion. It is a perennial of the Amaryllis family that occurs widely in mountainous regions of Europe and parts of Asia (Caucasus and Himalayas).^[4]^[6]

Some authors consider certain East Asian and Alaskan populations as constituting subspecies platyphyllum within the species Allium victorialis.^[7]^[8] Recent sources recognize this group as a distinct species, called Allium ochotense.^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]

General description

Allium victorialis attains a height of 30–45 cm (11.8–17.7 in) and forms a sheathed bulb ("root-stalk") about the thickness of a finger and 5–8 cm (2.0–3.1 in) long.^[14] Leaves are broad, elliptical or lanceolate. Flowers (perianths) are whitish green.^[14]

Distribution

Allium victorialis is found widely across mountain ranges Europe, as well as the Caucasus and the Himalayas.^[4]

Nomenclature

The specific epithet victorialis comes from the German Siegwurz (Root of Victory),^[15] and it earned this name having been "worn as an amulet, to be as safeguard against the attacks of certain impure spirits," by Bohemian miners among others.^[15]

Uses

The plant, in past centuries in certain mountainous regions of Europe, "was cultivated as a medicinal and fetish plant".^[16] The plant known as pukusa to the Ainu people in northern Japan, an important food source, had been classed as A .victorialis subsp. platyphyllum,^[17] but recent genetics classify it under its own species, Allium ochotense.^[18]

References

^ Holubec, V., Magos Brehm, J., Uzundzhalieva, K., Vögel, R., Vörösváry, G., Eliáš, P. & Duarte, M.C. (2011). Allium victorialis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.T172231A6854104. Downloaded on 05 January 2019.
^ Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). "Allium victorialis". Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
^ GRIN (May 12, 2011). "Allium victorialis L. information from NPGS/GRIN". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2014.
^ ^a ^b ^c Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Allium victorialis
^ Korea National Arboretum (2015). English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: National Arboretum. p. 348. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2016 – via Korea Forest Service.
^ Altervista Flora Italiana, Aglio serpentino, victory onion, alpine leek, Allium victorialis L. includes photos and European distribution map
^ Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 234 Allium victorialis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 295. 1753.
^ Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 172 茖葱 ge cong Allium victorialis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 295. 1753.
^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Allium ochotense Prokh.
^ The Plant List, Allium ochotense Prokh.
^ Kharkevich, S.S. (ed.) (1987). Plantae Vasculares Orientalis Extremi Sovietici 2: 1-448. Nauka, Leningrad.
^ Denisov, N. (2008). Addition to Vascular flora of the Kozlov island (Peter the Great Gulf, Japanese sea). Turczaninowia 11(4): 29-42.
^ Choi & Oh 2011.
^ ^a ^b Thompson, Harold Stuart (1912). Sub-alpine Plants: Or, Flowers of the Swiss Woods and Meadows (preview). G. Routledge & Sons. p. 280.. 1–1.5 ft (0.30–0.46 m) height; and rootstalk 5.1–7.6 cm (2–3 in).
^ ^a ^b Sims, John (1809). "Allium victorialis. Long-rooted garlic". Curtis's Botanical Magazine. 30: 1222–.
^ Rabinowitch, Haim D.; Currah, Lesley (2002). Allium Crop Science: Recent Advances (preview). CABI. p. 26. ISBN 978-0851-99510-6.
^ Bachelor, John (1893). "Ainu Economic Plants". Tota. Archived from the original on 2021-06-28.
^ Quattrocchi, Umberto, ed. (2012). "Allium ochotense". CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants. CRC Press. p. 173. ISBN 978-1-4822-5064-0.

Bibliography

Choi, Hyeok JAE; Oh, Byoung UN (October 2011). "A partial revision of Allium (Amaryllidaceae) in Korea and north-eastern China". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 167 (2): 153–211. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2011.01166.x.

External links

Media related to Allium victorialis at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Allium victorialis at Wikispecies
"Allium victorialis". Plants for a Future.

[1] Holubec, V., Magos Brehm, J., Uzundzhalieva, K., Vögel, R., Vörösváry, G., Eliáš, P. & Duarte, M.C. (2011). Allium victorialis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.T172231A6854104. Downloaded on 05 January 2019.

[efloras-na-2] Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). "Allium victorialis". Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.

[grin-3] GRIN (May 12, 2011). "Allium victorialis L. information from NPGS/GRIN". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2014.

[holly-4] Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Allium victorialis

[5] Korea National Arboretum (2015). English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: National Arboretum. p. 348. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2016 – via Korea Forest Service.

[6] Altervista Flora Italiana, Aglio serpentino, victory onion, alpine leek, Allium victorialis L. includes photos and European distribution map

[7] Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 234 Allium victorialis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 295. 1753.

[8] Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 172 茖葱 ge cong Allium victorialis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 295. 1753.

[wen-9] Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Allium ochotense Prokh.

[10] The Plant List, Allium ochotense Prokh.

[11] Kharkevich, S.S. (ed.) (1987). Plantae Vasculares Orientalis Extremi Sovietici 2: 1-448. Nauka, Leningrad.

[12] Denisov, N. (2008). Addition to Vascular flora of the Kozlov island (Peter the Great Gulf, Japanese sea). Turczaninowia 11(4): 29-42.

[FOOTNOTEChoiOh2011-13] Choi & Oh 2011.

[thompson-14] Thompson, Harold Stuart (1912). Sub-alpine Plants: Or, Flowers of the Swiss Woods and Meadows (preview). G. Routledge & Sons. p. 280.. 1–1.5 ft (0.30–0.46 m) height; and rootstalk 5.1–7.6 cm (2–3 in).

[curtis-15] Sims, John (1809). "Allium victorialis. Long-rooted garlic". Curtis's Botanical Magazine. 30: 1222–.

[16] Rabinowitch, Haim D.; Currah, Lesley (2002). Allium Crop Science: Recent Advances (preview). CABI. p. 26. ISBN 978-0851-99510-6.

[17] Bachelor, John (1893). "Ainu Economic Plants". Tota. Archived from the original on 2021-06-28.

[CRC-MedPoisPlants-18] Quattrocchi, Umberto, ed. (2012). "Allium ochotense". CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants. CRC Press. p. 173. ISBN 978-1-4822-5064-0.

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