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This article lists the [[order (biology)|orders]] of the [[Viridiplantae]].<ref>{{Cite journal| author1=Linzhou Li| author2=Sibo Wang| author3=Hongli Wang| author4=Sunil Kumar Sahu| author5=Birger Marin| author6=Haoyuan Li| author7=Yan Xu| author8=Hongping Liang| author9=Zhen Li| author10=Shifeng Chen| author11=Tanja Reder| author12=Zehra Çebi| author13=Sebastian Wittek| author14=Morten Petersen| author15=Barbara Melkonian| author16=Hongli Du| author17=Huanming Yang| author18=Jian Wang| author19=Gane Ka-Shu Wong| author20=Xun Xu| author21=Xin Liu| author22=Yves Van de Peer| author23=Michael Melkonian| author24=Huan Liu |date=22 June 2020 |title=The genome of Prasinoderma coloniale unveils the existence of a third phylum within green plants | journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution |volume=4 |issue=9 |pages=1220–1231 |doi=10.1038/s41559-020-1221-7 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-020-1221-7| doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author=Novíkov & Barabaš-Krasni | year=2015 | title=Modern plant systematics | journal= | volume=| issue= | pages=685 | publisher=Liga-Pres| isbn=978-966-397-276-3 |doi=10.13140/RG.2.1.4745.6164}}</ref><ref name=HaoXue13>{{Citation |last1=Hao |first1=Shougang |last2=Xue |first2=Jinzhuang |date=2013 |title=The early Devonian Posongchong flora of Yunnan: a contribution to an understanding of the evolution and early diversification of vascular plants |location=Beijing |publisher=Science Press |isbn=978-7-03-036616-0 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269875285 |access-date=2019-10-25 |pages=366 |name-list-style=amp}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author=Anderson, Anderson & Cleal | year=2007 | title=Brief history of the gymnosperms: classification, biodiversity, phytogeography and ecology | journal=Strelitzia | volume=20 | issue= | pages=280 | publisher=SANBI| isbn=978-1-919976-39-6 |doi=}}</ref><ref name="Christenhusz_2011a">{{cite journal | last1 = Christenhusz | first1 = Maarten J. M. | last2 = Reveal | first2 = James L. | last3 = Farjon | first3 = Aljos | last4 = Gardner | first4 = Martin F. | last5 = Mill | first5 = R.R. | last6 = Chase | first6 = Mark W. | year = 2011 | title = A new classification and linear sequence of extant gymnosperms | url = http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2011/f/pt00019p070.pdf | journal = Phytotaxa | volume = 19 | pages = 55–70 | doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.3 }}</ref><ref name="Christenhusz_2011b">{{cite journal | last1 = Christenhusz | first1 = Maarten J. M. | last2 = Zhang| first2 = Xian-Chun | last3 = Schneider | first3 = Harald | year = 2011 | title = A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns | url = http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2011/f/pt00019p054.pdf | journal = Phytotaxa | volume = 19 | pages = 7–54 | doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2 }}</ref><ref name=PPGI>{{Citation |mode=cs1 |author=PPG I |year=2016 |title=A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns |journal=Journal of Systematics and Evolution |volume=54 |issue=6 |pages=563–603 |doi=10.1111/jse.12229|s2cid=39980610 }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2016 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV |journal=[[Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society]] |volume=181 |issue=1 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1111/boj.12385}}</ref><ref name="Söderström et al. 2016">{{cite journal | author=Söderström | year=2016 | title=World checklist of hornworts and liverworts | journal=PhytoKeys | volume=59 | issue=59 | pages=1–826| doi=10.3897/phytokeys.59.6261|display-authors=etal | pmid=26929706 | pmc=4758082}}</ref><ref name="Goffinet-web">{{cite web |last1=Goffinet |first1=B. |first2=W.R. |last2=Buck |title=Classification of extant moss genera |website=Classification of the Bryophyta |url=http://bryology.uconn.edu/classification/#BRYOPSIDA |access-date=7 April 2020}}</ref>
This article lists the living [[order (biology)|orders]] of the [[Viridiplantae]], based primarily on the work of Ruggiero et al. 2015.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors= Ruggiero MA, Gordon DP, Orrell TM, Bailly N, Bourgoin T, Brusca RC, Cavalier-Smith T, Guiry MD, Kirk PM | display-authors= 6 | title=A higher level classification of all living organisms | journal=PloS One | volume=10 | issue=4 | pages=e0119248 | date=2015 | pmid=25923521 | pmc = 4418965 | doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0119248 | bibcode=2015PLoSO..1019248R}}</ref> Extinct [[order (biology)|orders]] of [[Tracheophyte]]s are added from Novíkov & Barabaš-Krasni 2015.<ref>{{cite book | last1=Novíkov | last2=Barabaš-Krasni | year=2015 | title=Modern plant systematics | pages=685 | publisher=Liga-Pres | isbn=978-966-397-276-3 | doi=10.13140/RG.2.1.4745.6164}}</ref> Living order of [[Lycophyte]]s and [[fern]]s are taken from Christenhusz et al. 2011b<ref name="Christenhusz_2011b">{{cite journal | last1 = Christenhusz | first1 = Maarten J. M. | last2 = Zhang| first2 = Xian-Chun | last3 = Schneider | first3 = Harald | year = 2011 | title = A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns | url = http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2011/f/pt00019p054.pdf | journal = Phytotaxa | volume = 19 | pages = 7–54 | doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2 }}</ref> and [[Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group]].<ref name=PPGI>{{cite journal|last1=Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group|title=A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns|journal=Journal of Systematics and Evolution|date=November 2016|volume=54|issue=6|pages=563–603|doi=10.1111/jse.12229|s2cid=39980610}}</ref> Living orders of [[Gymnosperm]]s are added from Christenhusz et al. 2011a<ref name="Christenhusz_2011a">{{cite journal | last1 = Christenhusz | first1 = Maarten J. M. | last2 = Reveal | first2 = James L. | last3 = Farjon | first3 = Aljos | last4 = Gardner | first4 = Martin F. | last5 = Mill | first5 = R.R. | last6 = Chase | first6 = Mark W. | year = 2011 | title = A new classification and linear sequence of extant gymnosperms | url = http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2011/f/pt00019p070.pdf | journal = Phytotaxa | volume = 19 | pages = 55–70 | doi = 10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.3 }}</ref> while extinct orders are from Anderson, Anderson & Cleal 2007.<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Anderson | last2=Anderson | last3=Cleal | year=2007 | title=Brief history of the gymnosperms: classification, biodiversity, phytogeography and ecology | journal=Strelitzia | volume=20 | issue= | pages=280 | publisher=SANBI| isbn=978-1-919976-39-6 |doi=}}</ref>


==Division [[Prasinodermatophyta]]==
==Division [[Prasinodermatophyta]]==
===Class [[Prasinodermatophyceae]]===
===Class [[Prasinodermatophyceae]]===
* Order [[Prasinodermatales]]<ref name=Li et al. 2020>{{Cite journal| author1=Linzhou Li| author2=Sibo Wang| author3=Hongli Wang| author4=Sunil Kumar Sahu| author5=Birger Marin| author6=Haoyuan Li| author7=Yan Xu| author8=Hongping Liang| author9=Zhen Li| author10=Shifeng Chen| author11=Tanja Reder| author12=Zehra Çebi| author13=Sebastian Wittek| author14=Morten Petersen| author15=Barbara Melkonian| author16=Hongli Du| author17=Huanming Yang| author18=Jian Wang| author19=Gane Ka-Shu Wong| author20=Xun Xu| author21=Xin Liu| author22=Yves Van de Peer| author23=Michael Melkonian| author24=Huan Liu |date=22 June 2020 |title=The genome of Prasinoderma coloniale unveils the existence of a third phylum within green plants | journal=Nature Ecology & Evolution |volume=4 |issue=9 |pages=1220–1231 |doi=10.1038/s41559-020-1221-7 |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-020-1221-7| doi-access=free}}</ref>
⚫
* Order [[Prasinodermatales]]


===Class [[Palmophyllophyceae]]===
===Class [[Palmophyllophyceae]]===
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* Order [[Desmidiales]]
* Order [[Desmidiales]]


===Subdivision [[Anthocerotophyta|Anthocerotophytina]]<ref name="Söderström et al. 2016">{{cite journal | author=Söderström | year=2016 | title=World checklist of hornworts and liverworts | journal=PhytoKeys | volume=59 | issue=59 | pages=1–826| doi=10.3897/phytokeys.59.6261|display-authors=etal | pmid=26929706 | pmc=4758082}}</ref>===
⚫
===Subdivision [[Marchantiophyta|Marchantiophytina]]===
⚫
====Class [[Leiosporocerotopsida]]====
⚫
* Order [[Leiosporocerotales]]
⚫
====Class [[Anthocerotopsida]]====
⚫
* Order [[Anthocerotales]]
⚫
* Order [[Notothyladales]]
⚫
* Order [[Phymatocerotales]]
⚫
* Order [[Dendrocerotales]]

⚫
===Subdivision [[Marchantiophyta|Marchantiophytina]]<ref name="Söderström et al. 2016">===
====Class [[Haplomitriopsida]]====
====Class [[Haplomitriopsida]]====
* Order [[Treubiales]]
* Order [[Treubiales]]
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** Order [[Jungermanniales]]
** Order [[Jungermanniales]]


===Subdivision [[Moss|Bryophytina]]<ref name="Goffinet-web">{{cite web |last1=Goffinet |first1=B. |first2=W.R. |last2=Buck |title=Classification of extant moss genera |website=Classification of the Bryophyta |url=http://bryology.uconn.edu/classification/#BRYOPSIDA |access-date=7 April 2020}}</ref>===
===Subdivision [[Moss|Bryophytina]]===
====Class [[Takakiopsida]]====
====Class [[Takakiopsida]]====
* Order [[Takakiales]]
* Order [[Takakiales]]
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*** Order [[Hookeriales]]
*** Order [[Hookeriales]]
*** Order [[Hypnales]]
*** Order [[Hypnales]]

===Subdivision [[Anthocerotophyta|Anthocerotophytina]]===
⚫
====Class [[Leiosporocerotopsida]]====
⚫
* Order [[Leiosporocerotales]]
⚫
====Class [[Anthocerotopsida]]====
* Order [[Anthocerotales]]
⚫
* Order [[Notothyladales]]
⚫
* Order [[Phymatocerotales]]
⚫
* Order [[Dendrocerotales]]


===Clade †Horneophytina===
===Clade †Horneophytina===
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====Clade †[[Zosterophyllophyta]]====
====Clade †[[Zosterophyllophyta]]====
* Class †[[Barinophytopsida]]<ref name=Hao & Xue 2013>{{Citation |last1=Hao |first1=Shougang |last2=Xue |first2=Jinzhuang |date=2013 |title=The early Devonian Posongchong flora of Yunnan: a contribution to an understanding of the evolution and early diversification of vascular plants |location=Beijing |publisher=Science Press |isbn=978-7-03-036616-0 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269875285 |access-date=2019-10-25 |pages=366 |name-list-style=amp}}</ref>
* Class †[[Barinophytopsida]]
** Order †[[Barinophytales]]
** Order †[[Barinophytales]]
* Class †[[Zosterophyllopsida]]
* Class †[[Zosterophyllopsida]]
Line 373: Line 373:
*** Order [[Cupressales]] (Cypresses and allies)
*** Order [[Cupressales]] (Cypresses and allies)


* '''Class [[Angiosperm|Magnoliopsida]]'''<ref>{{Citation |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2016 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV |journal=[[Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society]] |volume=181 |issue=1 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1111/boj.12385}}</ref>
* '''Class [[Angiosperm|Magnoliopsida]]'''
** '''Subclass †Archaemagnoliidae'''
** '''Subclass †Archaemagnoliidae'''
*** Order †[[Archaefructales]]
*** Order †[[Archaefructales]]

Revision as of 23:50, 26 February 2021

This article lists the living orders of the Viridiplantae, based primarily on the work of Ruggiero et al. 2015.[1] Extinct orders of Tracheophytes are added from Novíkov & Barabaš-Krasni 2015.[2] Living order of Lycophytes and ferns are taken from Christenhusz et al. 2011b[3] and Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group.[4] Living orders of Gymnosperms are added from Christenhusz et al. 2011a[5] while extinct orders are from Anderson, Anderson & Cleal 2007.[6]

Division Prasinodermatophyta

Class Prasinodermatophyceae

Class Palmophyllophyceae

Division Chlorophyta

Subdivision Prasinophytina

Class Mamiellophyceae

Class Pyramimonadophyceae

Subdivision Chlorophytina

Class Nephroselmidophyceae

Class Picocystophyceae

Class Chloropicophyceae

Class Pedinophyceae

Class Chlorodendrophyceae

Class Trebouxiophyceae

Class Ulvophyceae

Class Chlorophyceae

Division Streptophyta

Subdivision Chlorokybophytina

Class Mesostigmatophyceae

Class Chlorokybophyceae

Subdivision Klebsormidiophyinta

Class Klebsormidiophyceae

Subdivision Charophytina

Class Charophyceae

Subdivision Coleochaetophytina

Class Coleochaetophyceae

Subdivision Zygnematophytina

Class Zygnematophyceae

Subdivision Anthocerotophytina[7]

Class Leiosporocerotopsida

Class Anthocerotopsida

Subdivision MarchantiophytinaCite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page).

Class Takakiopsida

Class Sphagnopsida

Class Andreaeobryopsida

Class Andreaeopsida

Class Oedipodiopsida

Class Tetraphidopsida

Class Polytrichopsida

Class Bryopsida

Clade †Horneophytina

Class †Horneophytopsida

Subdivision Tracheophytina

Class †Cooksoniopsida

Class †Rhyniopsida

Clade †Zosterophyllophyta

Class Lycopodiopsida

Class †Eophyllophytopsida

Class †Trimerophytopsida

Clade Pteridophyta

Class †Noeggerathiopsida

Class †Aneurophytopsida

Class †Archaeopteridopsida

Incertae sedis

Clade Spermatophyta


References

  1. ^ Ruggiero MA, Gordon DP, Orrell TM, Bailly N, Bourgoin T, Brusca RC, et al. (2015). "A higher level classification of all living organisms". PloS One. 10 (4): e0119248. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1019248R. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0119248. PMC 4418965. PMID 25923521.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  2. ^ Novíkov; Barabaš-Krasni (2015). Modern plant systematics. Liga-Pres. p. 685. doi:10.13140/RG.2.1.4745.6164. ISBN 978-966-397-276-3.
  3. ^ Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Zhang, Xian-Chun; Schneider, Harald (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 19: 7–54. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2.
  4. ^ Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (November 2016). "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 54 (6): 563–603. doi:10.1111/jse.12229. S2CID 39980610.
  5. ^ Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Reveal, James L.; Farjon, Aljos; Gardner, Martin F.; Mill, R.R.; Chase, Mark W. (2011). "A new classification and linear sequence of extant gymnosperms" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 19: 55–70. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.3.
  6. ^ Anderson; Anderson; Cleal (2007). "Brief history of the gymnosperms: classification, biodiversity, phytogeography and ecology". Strelitzia. 20. SANBI: 280. ISBN 978-1-919976-39-6.
  7. ^ Söderström; et al. (2016). "World checklist of hornworts and liverworts". PhytoKeys. 59 (59): 1–826. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.59.6261. PMC 4758082. PMID 26929706.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  8. ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2016), "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG IV", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 181 (1): 1–20, doi:10.1111/boj.12385
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