Cyclone-4M

Cyclone-4M
Function	Carrier rocket
Manufacturer	Pivdenne (design); Pivdenmash (manufacturing); Khartron (control system);
Country of origin	Ukraine
Project cost	$304M (projection, $148M spaceport included)
Cost per launch	$45M-$60M (projections)
Size
Height	38.7 m (127.0 ft)
Diameter	4.0 m (13 ft)
Stages	2
Capacity
Payload to 200 km LEO (45.3°)
Mass	5,000 kg (11,000 lb)
Payload to 500 km LEO
Mass	4,600 kg (10,100 lb)
Payload to 1200 km LEO
Mass	3,900 kg (8,600 lb)
Payload to 500 km polar LEO
Mass	3,600 kg (7,900 lb)
Payload to 1200 km polar LEO
Mass	3,000 kg (6,600 lb)
Payload to 500 km SSO
Mass	3,450 kg (7,610 lb)
Payload to 1000 km SSO
Mass	3,000 kg (6,600 lb)
Payload to 180×35,768 km) GTO (45.2°)
Mass	910 kg (2,010 lb)
Associated rockets
Family	Zenit / Tsyklon
Comparable	Tsyklon-2, -3, -4, Dnepr, Soyuz-2, PSLV, Long March 4B/C
Launch history
Status	In development
Launch sites	Canso, Nova Scotia, Canada
Total launches	0
First flight	2023 (planned)
First stage
Diameter	3.9 m (13 ft)
Gross mass	260,700 kg (575,000 lb)
Propellant mass	224,800 kg (496,000 lb)
Powered by	4 × RD-870 engines
Maximum thrust	Sea level: 3,130 kN (319 tf) ; Vacuum: 3,498 kN (356.7 tf)
Specific impulse	Sea level: 298 s (2.92 km/s) ; Vacuum: 332 s (3.26 km/s)
Burn time	200 seconds
Propellant	LOX / RP-1
Second stage
Diameter	3.98 m (13.1 ft)
Gross mass	14,000 kg (31,000 lb)
Propellant mass	10,700 kg (24,000 lb)
Powered by	1 × RD-861K
Maximum thrust	77.63 kN (7.916 tf)
Specific impulse	325 s (3.19 km/s)
Burn time	450 seconds
Propellant	N2O4 / UDMH
	[edit on Wikidata]

The Cyclone-4M is a Ukrainian carrier rocket which is being developed for commercial satellite launches.

History

The Cyclone-4M is derived from the Tsyklon-4, which started its life as an all-hypergolic three-stage-to-orbit expendable launch vehicle planned for launch from a proposed site at the Alcântara Launch Center in Brazil. However, Brazil backed out of the partnership with Ukraine in 2015, citing concerns over the project budget, the ongoing financial situation in both countries, and the future of the commercial launch market.^[7] In March 2017, Canadian company Maritime Launch Services announced plans to begin launching a modified version, the Cyclone-4M, which features a Zenit-derived kerolox (LOX / RP-1) first stage in place of the originally planned R-36 ICBM-based first- and second-stage.

In November 2021, Maritime Launch Services CEO Stephen Matier stated that Nanoracks was to be the first client to fly a payload on the Cyclone-4M.^[8]

Design

This new first-stage design would use four kerolox engines derived from the RD-120 used on the second stage of the Zenit. The standard RD-120, however, while manufactured in Ukraine, uses a number of Russian-made components which would have to be replaced with Ukrainian-made equivalents. It is also planned to fit each of these engines with a gimballing mechanism for steering (in the Zenit second stage the RD-120 is fixed to the frame while an RD-8 four-nozzle vernier engine takes care of the steering).^[4]

Cyclone-4M is planned for launch from a site in Canso, Nova Scotia. Construction was originally scheduled to begin in 2018,^[9]^[1]^[10] but repeated delays have pushed the start of construction to no earlier than late 2021.^[11] The second stage completed qualification tests in October 2019.^[12] Construction at Canso finishes in 2024 or 2025;^[11] the maiden flight of Cyclone-4M will take place during construction in 2023.^[5] It is planned to launch up to 8 times per year.^[13]^[14]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Ruskin, Brett; Williams, Cassie (14 March 2017). "T-minus 1 year until rocket launch site construction starts in Nova Scotia". CBC News. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
^ "About". Maritime Launch Services. Retrieved 15 October 2017. Cyclone 4M will be available for $45M USD per launch.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ "Cyclone-4M". Yuzhnoye Design Office. Archived from the original on 2018-07-04. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Zak, Anatoly (19 March 2017). "Tsyklon-4M (Cyclone-4M) prepares a move to Canada". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 22 March 2017.
^ ^a ^b Willick, Frances (12 May 2021). "Canso spaceport secures $10.5M, aims for first launch next year". CBC News. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
^ ^a ^b Zak, Anatoly. "RD-870 could become Ukraine's first booster engine". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
^ de Selding, Peter B. (16 April 2015). "Brazil Pulling Out of Ukrainian Cyclone-4 Launcher Project". Space News. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
^ "Proposed Nova Scotia spaceport announces payload client for initial launch". CityNews Halifax. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
^ Doucette, Keith (14 March 2017). "Small Nova Scotia fishing community picked as launch site for rockets". TheStar.com. The Canadian Press. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
^ Boucher, Marc (14 March 2017). "Exclusive: Maritime Launch Services Selects Nova Scotia Site for Spaceport Over 13 Other Locations". SpaceQ. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
^ ^a ^b Golubeva, Alena (9 April 2021). "Максим Дегтярев: "Спрос на выведение грузов на орбиту будет расти"" [Maxim Degtyarev: "The demand for placing cargo into orbit will grow"]. GMK Center (in Russian). Retrieved 11 May 2021. Компания получила разрешение, оформляет документы на получение земельного участка и уже в текущем году рассчитывает начать строительные работы. Сколько времени уйдет на строительство космодрома? – Три-четыре года. [The company has received permission, and is preparing documents for obtaining a land plot and expects to start construction work this year. How long will it take to build the cosmodrome? – Three or four years.]
^ "Cyclone 4M fully integrated upper stage performs successful qualification test" (Press release). Yuzhnoye Design Office and Maritime Launch Services. 21 October 2019. Retrieved 1 December 2019.
^ "Le Canada ouvrira sa première base de lancement spatiale d'ici 2020". France 24 (in French). 2017-03-20. Retrieved 2020-06-03.
^ "T-minus 1 year until rocket launch site construction starts in Nova Scotia". 14 March 2017. Retrieved 3 June 2020.

External links

Official website

[cbc-20170314-1] Ruskin, Brett; Williams, Cassie (14 March 2017). "T-minus 1 year until rocket launch site construction starts in Nova Scotia". CBC News. Retrieved 18 March 2017.

[2] "About". Maritime Launch Services. Retrieved 15 October 2017. Cyclone 4M will be available for $45M USD per launch.

[yuzhnoye-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ "Cyclone-4M". Yuzhnoye Design Office. Archived from the original on 2018-07-04. Retrieved 15 October 2017.

[ZakTsyklon4m-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Zak, Anatoly (19 March 2017). "Tsyklon-4M (Cyclone-4M) prepares a move to Canada". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 22 March 2017.

[cbc-20210512-5] Willick, Frances (12 May 2021). "Canso spaceport secures $10.5M, aims for first launch next year". CBC News. Retrieved 14 May 2021.

[ZakRD870-6] Zak, Anatoly. "RD-870 could become Ukraine's first booster engine". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 15 October 2017.

[spacenews20150416-7] Selding, Peter B. (16 April 2015). "Brazil Pulling Out of Ukrainian Cyclone-4 Launcher Project". Space News. Retrieved 9 April 2016.

[8] "Proposed Nova Scotia spaceport announces payload client for initial launch". CityNews Halifax. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[9] Doucette, Keith (14 March 2017). "Small Nova Scotia fishing community picked as launch site for rockets". TheStar.com. The Canadian Press. Retrieved 15 October 2017.

[spaceq-20170314-10] Boucher, Marc (14 March 2017). "Exclusive: Maritime Launch Services Selects Nova Scotia Site for Spaceport Over 13 Other Locations". SpaceQ. Retrieved 18 March 2017.

[gmk-20210409-11] Golubeva, Alena (9 April 2021). "Максим Дегтярев: "Спрос на выведение грузов на орбиту будет расти"" [Maxim Degtyarev: "The demand for placing cargo into orbit will grow"]. GMK Center (in Russian). Retrieved 11 May 2021. Компания получила разрешение, оформляет документы на получение земельного участка и уже в текущем году рассчитывает начать строительные работы. Сколько времени уйдет на строительство космодрома? – Три-четыре года. [The company has received permission, and is preparing documents for obtaining a land plot and expects to start construction work this year. How long will it take to build the cosmodrome? – Three or four years.]

[s2-qual-12] "Cyclone 4M fully integrated upper stage performs successful qualification test" (Press release). Yuzhnoye Design Office and Maritime Launch Services. 21 October 2019. Retrieved 1 December 2019.

[13] "Le Canada ouvrira sa première base de lancement spatiale d'ici 2020". France 24 (in French). 2017-03-20. Retrieved 2020-06-03.

[14] "T-minus 1 year until rocket launch site construction starts in Nova Scotia". 14 March 2017. Retrieved 3 June 2020.

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v t e Ukrainian launch vehicles
Cyclone (Tsyklon)	Tsyklon-1M Tsyklon-2 Tsyklon-3 Tsyklon-4 Cyclone-4M
Zenit	Zenit-2 Zenit-2M Zenit-3SL Zenit-3SLB Zenit-3F
Mayak	Mayak
Dnipro (Dnepr)	Dnipro
International projects	Antares VEGA Skyrora Firefly Aerospace
Space agency

v t e Orbital launch systems
List of orbital launch systems Comparison of orbital launch systems
Current	Angara 1.2 A5 Ariane 6 Atlas V Ceres 1 1S Chollima-1 Electron Falcon 9 Block 5 Falcon Heavy Firefly Alpha Gravity-1 GSLV H-IIA H3 Hyperbola-1 Jielong 1 3 KAIROS^† Kaituozhe 2 Kinetica 1 Kuaizhou 1 1A 11 Long March 2C 2D 2F 3A 3B/E 3C 4B 4C 5 5B 6 6A 7 7A 8 11 11H LVM3 Minotaur I IV V C Nuri OS-M1^† Pegasus XL Proton-M PSLV Qaem 100 Qased RS1^† Shavit 2 Simorgh SLS Block 1 Soyuz-2 2.1a / STA 2.1b / STB 2-1v SSLV Starship Tianlong-2 Unha Vega C Vulcan Centaur Zhuque 2
In development	Antares 330 Bloostar Cyclone-4M Deca Epsilon S Eris Gravity-2 Hyperbola-2 Irtysh Kuaizhou 21 31 Long March 9 10 12 Miura 5 MLV Neutron New Glenn New Line 1 NGLV Nova OS-M 2 4 Orbex Prime Pallas-1 Red Dwarf SLS Block 1B Block 2 Soyuz-7 Terran R Tianlong-3 VLM Vega E Zero Zhuque 3 Zuljanah
Retired	Antares 110 120 130^† 230 230+ Ariane 1 2 3 4 5 ASLV Athena I II Atlas B D E/F G H I II III LV-3B SLV-3 Able^† Agena Centaur Black Arrow Conestoga^† Delta A B C D E G J L M N 0100 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 II III IV IV Heavy Diamant Dnepr Energia Epsilon Europa I^† II^† Falcon 1 Falcon 9 v1.0 v1.1 v1.2 "Full Thrust" Feng Bao 1 GSLV Mk I H-I H-II H-IIB Juno I Juno II Kaituozhe-1 Kosmos original 1 2/2I 3 3M Lambda 4S LauncherOne Long March 1 1D^† 2A 2E 3 3B 4A Mu 4S 3C 3H 3S 3SII V N1^† N-I N-II Naro-1 Paektusan^† Pilot-2^† R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz original FG L M U U2 Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna^† Rocket 3 Safir 1 1A 1B Saturn I IB V Scout X-1 Blue Scout II^† X-2^† X-2M X-3 X-3M X-4 X-2B^† B A B-1 D-1 A-1 E-1 F-1 G-1 Shavit original 1 SLV Space Shuttle SPARK^† Sparta SS-520 Start-1 Terran 1^† Thor Able Ablestar 1 2 Agena A B D Burner 1 2 Delta DSV-2U Thorad-Agena SLV-2G SLV-2H Titan II GLV IIIA IIIB IIIC IIID IIIE 34D 23G CT-3 IV Tsyklon R-36-O original 2 3 Universal Rocket UR-500 Proton Proton-K Rokot Strela Vanguard Vega original VLS-1^† Zenit 2 2M 2FG 3SL 3SLB 3F Zhuque 1^†
Classes	Sounding rocket Small-lift launch vehicle Medium-lift launch vehicle Heavy-lift launch vehicle Super heavy-lift launch vehicle
This Template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future Symbol ^† indicates past or current rockets that attempted orbital launches but never succeeded (never did or has yet to perform a successful orbital launch)