Dicistroviridae

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Dicistroviruses
Virus classification
Group: Group IV ((+)ssRNA)
Order: Picornavirales
Family: Dicistroviridae
Genera

Aparavirus
Cripavirus

The Dicistroviridae are a family of Group IV (positive-sense ssRNA) insect-infecting viruses. Some of the insects commonly infected by dicistroviruses include aphids, leafhoppers, flies, bees, ants, silkworms.

Contents

Taxonomy [edit]

Although many dicistroviruses were initially placed in the Picornaviridae they have since been reclassified into their own family. The name (Dicistro) is derived from the characteristic di-cistronic arrangement of the genome.

This family is a member of the 'picornavirus-like superfamily' (Comoviridae, Iflavirus, Picornaviridae, Potyviridae and Sequiviridae). Within this superfamily the gene order is the gene order of the non-structural proteins Hel(helicase)-Pro(protease)-RdRp(polymerase). The Dicistroviridae can be distinguished from the members of the taxa by the location of the their genome's organisation: the structural proteins are located at the 3' end rather than the 5' end (as found in Iflavirus, Picornaviridae and Sequiviridae) and by having 2 genomic segments rather than a single one (as in the Comoviridae).

This family has been divided into two genera and a number of as yet unclassified species.

  • Genus: Aparavirus
    • Acute bee paralysis virus (type species)
    • Israeli acute paralysis virus
    • Kashmir bee virus
    • Mud crab dicistrovirus-1
    • Solenopsis invicta virus 1
    • Taura syndrome virus
  • Genus Cripavirus:
    • Aphid lethal paralysis virus
    • Black queen cell virus
    • Cricket paralysis virus (type species)
    • Drosophila C virus
    • Himetobi P virus
    • Homalodisca coagulata virus-1
    • Plautia stali intestine virus
    • Rhopalosiphum padi virus
    • Triatoma virus

Other species:

  • Cloudy wing virus
  • Blackberry virus Z
  • Acheta domesticus virus
  • Ervivirus
  • Mud crab dicistrovirus

Notable species [edit]

RNA structural elements [edit]

Many of the Dicistroviridae genomes contains structured RNA elements. For example, the Cripaviruses have an internal ribosome entry site,[1] which mimics a Met-tRNA and is used in the initiation of translation.[2]

References [edit]

  1. ^ Kanamori, Y; Nakashima N (2001). "A tertiary structure model of the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) for methionine-independent initiation of translation". RNA 7 (2): 266–274. doi:10.1017/S1355838201001741. PMC 1370084. PMID 11233983. 
  2. ^ Malys N, McCarthy JEG (2010). "Translation initiation: variations in the mechanism can be anticipated". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 68 (6): 991–1003. doi:10.1007/s00018-010-0588-z. PMID 21076851.  Unknown parameter |unused_data= ignored (help)
  • Hunter, WB, Katsar, CS, Chaparro, JX. 2006. Molecular analysis of capsid protein of Homalodisca coagulata virus-1, a new leafhopper-infecting virus from the glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca coagulata. Journal of Insect Science 6:31
  • Hunnicutt, LE, Hunter, WB, Cave RD, Powell, CA, Mozoruk, JJ. 2006. Genome sequence and molecular characterization of Homalodisca coagulata virus-1, a novel virus discovered in the glassy-winged sharpshooter (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). Virology 350: 67-78
  • Valles, SM, Strong, CA, Dang, PM, Hunter, WB, Pereira, RM, Oi, DH, Shapiro, AM, Williams, DF. 2004. A picorna-like virus from the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta: initial discovery, genome sequence, and characterization. Virology 328: 151-157
  • de Miranda, J. R., Cordoni, G., Budge. G., 2010a. The Acute bee paralysis virus-Kashmir bee virus-Israeli acute paralysis virus complex. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 103: S30-S47

External links [edit]

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