Idiopidae: Difference between revisions
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::* ''[[Eucanippe]]'' <small>Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, 2017</small> — Australia |
::* ''[[Eucanippe]]'' <small>Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, 2017</small> — Australia |
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::* ''[[Eucyrtops]]'' <small>Pocock, 1897</small> — Australia |
::* ''[[Eucyrtops]]'' <small>Pocock, 1897</small> — Australia |
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::* ''[[Gaius]]'' <small>Rainbow, 1914</small> — Australia |
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::* ''[[Idiosoma]]'' <small>[[Anton Ausserer|Ausserer]], 1871</small> — Australia |
::* ''[[Idiosoma]]'' <small>[[Anton Ausserer|Ausserer]], 1871</small> — Australia |
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Revision as of 06:48, 12 November 2018
| Idiopidae | |
|---|---|
| |
| male Idiops constructor | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | |
| Class: | |
| Order: | |
| Suborder: | |
| Infraorder: | |
| Superfamily: | Idiopoidea
|
| Family: | Idiopidae Simon, 1892
|
| Genera | |
|
see text | |
| Diversity | |
| 22 genera, 275 species | |
| |
Idiopidae[1] (superfamily Idiopoidea) are a mygalomorph spider family, also known as the armored trapdoor spiders.[2] They have a large body that often looks rather like a tarantula.
Description
In some species the males have a spur on their legs, which they will show if provoked.[3]
Idiopidae build burrows, and some species close these with a door.
The about 2 cm long Prothemenops siamensis from Thailand builds its retreat in a streamside vertical earth bank in lower montane rain forest. Each burrow had two or three entrances that lead into a main tube. Its lateral posterior spinnerets are elongated.[4]
The oldest known idiopida died at the age of 43 years.[5]
Genera
The categorization into subfamilies follows Raven (1985)
- Arbanitinae Simon, 1903
- Genysinae Simon, 1903
- Genysa Simon, 1889 — Madagascar
- Hiboka Fage, 1922 — Madagascar
- Neocteniza Pocock, 1895 — Central and South America
- Scalidognathus Karsch, 1891 — India, Sri Lanka, Seychelles
- Idiopinae Simon, 1892
- Ctenolophus Purcell, 1904 — South Africa
- Galeosoma Purcell, 1903 — southern Africa
- Gorgyrella Purcell, 1902 — southern Africa
- Heligmomerus Simon, 1892 — Africa, India, Sri Lanka
- Idiops Perty, 1833 — South America, Africa, South Asia, Middle East
- Segregara Tucker, 1917 — South Africa
- Titanidiops Simon, 1903 — Africa, Canary Islands
- Prothemenops Schwendinger, 1991 — Thailand
- Prothemenops siamensis Schwendinger, 1991
See also
Footnotes
- ^ Raven, R.J. 1985. The spider Infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): cladistics and systematics. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 182: 1-180.
- ^ American Arachnological Society Committee on Common Names of Arachnids (2003). Common Names of Arachnids (PDF) (Report) (Fifth ed.).
- ^ Find-a-spider Guide
- ^ Murphy & Murphy 2000: 69f
- ^
Leanda Denise Mason, Grant Wardell-Johnson, Barbara York Main (2018). "The longest-lived spider: mygalomorphs dig deep, and persevere". Pacific Conservation Biology. doi:10.1071/PC18015.
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References
- Raven, Robert John (1985). The spider Infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): cladistics and systematics. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 182: 1-180.
- Find-a-spider Guide: Spider Families
- Murphy, Frances & Murphy, John (2000): An Introduction to the Spiders of South East Asia. Malaysian Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur.
- Platnick, Norman I. (2008): The world spider catalog, version 8.5. American Museum of Natural History.
External links
- Find-a-spider Guide: Images of several species
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