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'''Stop Cop City''' ('''SCC''') or '''Defend Atlanta Forest''' ('''DTF''') is a [[decentralized]] movement in [[Atlanta]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], United States, whose goal is to stop construction of the [[Cop City|Atlanta Public Safety Training Center]] by the [[Atlanta Police Foundation]] and the [[Atlanta|City of Atlanta]]. The proposed location for the facility is the [[Old Atlanta Prison Farm]], and opponents of the facility are concerned about the growth of policing in the city, which has witnessed several protests against police violence following the 2020 [[murder of George Floyd]] and the [[killing of Rayshard Brooks]],<ref name="AJCD">{{cite news |last1=Abusaid |first1=Shaddi |last2=Stevens |first2=Alexis |last3=Hollis |first3=Henri |last4=Burns |first4=Asia Simone |title=No charges against Atlanta officers in fatal shooting of Rayshard Brooks |url=https://www.ajc.com/news/crime/breaking-no-charges-for-apd-officers-in-fatal-shooting-of-rayshard-brooks/KDDYTQKCCNF6HMH2ZRVHFKJEK4/?utm_source=Iterable&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=campaign_4936077 |access-date=August 24, 2022 |work=[[The Atlanta Journal-Constitution]] |date=August 23, 2020}}</ref> both by police officers.<ref name="yesmagazine">{{Cite web |title=Abolitionists and Environmentalists in Atlanta Band Together to "Stop Cop City" |url=https://www.yesmagazine.org/environment/2022/03/22/atlanta-organizers-abolition-environmentalists |access-date=December 10, 2022 |website=YES! Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="newyorker">{{Cite magazine |date=August 3, 2022 |title=The New Fight Over an Old Forest in Atlanta |last=Bethea |first=Charles |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-the-south/the-new-fight-over-an-old-forest-in-atlanta |access-date=December 10, 2022 |magazine=The New Yorker |language=en-US}}</ref>
'''Stop Cop City''' ('''SCC'''), also known as '''Block Cop City''' & '''Defend Atlanta Forest''' ('''DTF'''), is a [[decentralized]] movement in [[Atlanta]], [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], [[United States]], whose goal is to stop construction of the [[Cop City|Atlanta Public Safety Training Center]] by the [[Atlanta Police Foundation]] and the [[Atlanta|City of Atlanta]]. The proposed location for the facility is the [[Old Atlanta Prison Farm]], and opponents of the facility are concerned about the growth of policing in the city—which has witnessed several protests against police violence following the 2020 [[murder of George Floyd]] and the [[killing of Rayshard Brooks]],<ref name="AJCD">{{cite news |last1=Abusaid |first1=Shaddi |last2=Stevens |first2=Alexis |last3=Hollis |first3=Henri |last4=Burns |first4=Asia Simone |title=No charges against Atlanta officers in fatal shooting of Rayshard Brooks |url=https://www.ajc.com/news/crime/breaking-no-charges-for-apd-officers-in-fatal-shooting-of-rayshard-brooks/KDDYTQKCCNF6HMH2ZRVHFKJEK4/?utm_source=Iterable&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=campaign_4936077 |access-date=August 24, 2022 |work=[[The Atlanta Journal-Constitution]] |date=August 23, 2020}}</ref> both by police officers.<ref name="yesmagazine">{{Cite web |title=Abolitionists and Environmentalists in Atlanta Band Together to "Stop Cop City" |url=https://www.yesmagazine.org/environment/2022/03/22/atlanta-organizers-abolition-environmentalists |access-date=December 10, 2022 |website=YES! Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="newyorker">{{Cite magazine |date=August 3, 2022 |title=The New Fight Over an Old Forest in Atlanta |last=Bethea |first=Charles |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/letter-from-the-south/the-new-fight-over-an-old-forest-in-atlanta |access-date=December 10, 2022 |magazine=The New Yorker |language=en-US}}</ref>


Proponents of the training facility say that the project is necessary to improve police morale and to fight crime. They have said that there is no feasible alternative location for the training center and that the Old Atlanta Prison Farm is "not a forest".<ref name="newyorker"/> Critics of the training facility state that increasing police resources and presence "will exacerbate economic disparities and ecological collapse, while Cop City will equip the police to preserve them."<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Collective |first=CrimethInc Ex-Workers |title=CrimethInc. : The City in the Forest : Reinventing Resistance for an Age of Climate Crisis and Police Militarization |url=https://crimethinc.com/2022/04/11/the-city-in-the-forest-reinventing-resistance-for-an-age-of-ecological-collapse-and-police-militarization |access-date=2023-04-17 |website=CrimethInc. |language=en}}</ref> On January 18, 2023, Georgia State Patrol Officers shot and killed [[Killing of Manuel Esteban Paez Terán|Manuel Esteban Paez Terán]] during a raid on the occupied encampment.
Proponents of the training facility say that the project is necessary to improve police morale and to fight crime. They have said that there is no feasible alternative location for the training center and that the Old Atlanta Prison Farm is "not a forest".<ref name="newyorker"/> Critics of the training facility state that increasing police resources and presence "will exacerbate economic disparities and ecological collapse, while Cop City will equip the police to preserve them."<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last=Collective |first=CrimethInc Ex-Workers |title=CrimethInc. : The City in the Forest : Reinventing Resistance for an Age of Climate Crisis and Police Militarization |url=https://crimethinc.com/2022/04/11/the-city-in-the-forest-reinventing-resistance-for-an-age-of-ecological-collapse-and-police-militarization |access-date=2023-04-17 |website=CrimethInc. |language=en}}</ref> On January 18, 2023, Georgia State Patrol Officers shot and killed [[Killing of Manuel Esteban Paez Terán|Manuel Esteban Paez Terán]] during a raid on the occupied encampment.

Revision as of 17:39, 26 September 2023

Stop Cop City
Part of the climate movement
Stop Cop City graffiti along the Proctor Creek Greenway Trail
Location
Cop City, South River Forest, DeKalb County, Georgia

33°41′38″N 84°20′10″W / 33.69383°N 84.33606°W / 33.69383; -84.33606
Parties
Coalition of environmental organizations, social justice organizations, community groups, and autonomous forest defenders
Lead figures

non-centralized leadership

Casualties and losses
1 Georgia State Trooper injured (Gunshot)
Map

Stop Cop City (SCC), also known as Block Cop City & Defend Atlanta Forest (DTF), is a decentralized movement in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, whose goal is to stop construction of the Atlanta Public Safety Training Center by the Atlanta Police Foundation and the City of Atlanta. The proposed location for the facility is the Old Atlanta Prison Farm, and opponents of the facility are concerned about the growth of policing in the city—which has witnessed several protests against police violence following the 2020 murder of George Floyd and the killing of Rayshard Brooks,[1] both by police officers.[2][3]

Proponents of the training facility say that the project is necessary to improve police morale and to fight crime. They have said that there is no feasible alternative location for the training center and that the Old Atlanta Prison Farm is "not a forest".[3] Critics of the training facility state that increasing police resources and presence "will exacerbate economic disparities and ecological collapse, while Cop City will equip the police to preserve them."[4] On January 18, 2023, Georgia State Patrol Officers shot and killed Manuel Esteban Paez Terán during a raid on the occupied encampment.

Background

In 2020, as part of the Black Lives Matter movement and nationwide response to the murder of George Floyd, Atlanta witnessed a months-long series of protests against police brutality.[2][5][6] Less than three weeks after Minneapolis police officer Derek Chauvin murdered Floyd on a public street, an Atlanta police (APD) officer shot and killed Atlanta resident Rayshard Brooks, which resulted in protests, arson,[7] national outcry, and calls to defund the police.[2]

Criticism of police and associated unrest has reduced police morale.[5] Authorities claim that the city has struggled with rising crime, citing 149 homicides in 2021: the most in a single year since the 1990s.[3] However, the city's crime compilation data shows a drop in overall crime rates and a mixed trend in homicides over the period from 2009 to the present.[8] Advocates for the proposed training facility have said that the project is an attempt to address these problems.[3][5]

The $90 million proposed training center would include a shooting range and a mock village that has led the project to be nicknamed "Cop City." The city is expected to pay one-third of the cost, with the Atlanta Police Foundation (APF) paying the rest.[3] Plans for the 85-acre (34 ha) facility were announced in 2017. According to the APF, the project provides "the necessary facilities required to effectively train 21st-century law enforcement agencies responsible for public safety in a major urban city."[9]

Cox Enterprises is a corporate investor in the training facility and owns the city's major daily newspaper, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution,[5] which has published multiple editorials in favor of the project.[3]

Prison farm

See also: Old Atlanta Prison Farm

The facility's proposed location is the Old Atlanta Prison Farm (OPF),which a 2021 study found to be the site of past atrocities committed by the prison system.[2][10] An earlier study in 1999 did not mention historical atrocities, but did recommend that the area be preserved and placed on the National Register of Historic Places. Opponents of the project have objected to placing the police facility on the site of historic human rights violations.[2][10] Environmental justice advocates and organizations have proposed that the OPF should remain a centerpiece in the 3,500-acre (14 km2) urban green space called the South River Forest.[3][5], citing Atlanta's "massive disparities" in green space: areas with higher percentages of African-American residents–including the area surrounding the OPF–have fewer and smaller parks.[5]

Timeline

Stop Cop City protests in Atlanta in January 22, 2023

The APF training facility is opposed by a coalition of environmental groups, neighborhood associations, local schools,[11] and racial justice groups.[12] Plans were approved by the city in September 2021 after 17 hours of public comment from over 1,100 residents, 70% of whom opposed the project.[3] Residents have expressed concern that the approval process was secretive with limited input from affected communities.[5] The city appointed a community-advisory committee, and in 2022 Atlanta mayor Andre Dickens said that there was "a lot of room for input."[3] The advisory committee does not include representatives from environmental groups, but does include representatives from the police and fire departments and the Dickens administration.[3] A vocal critic of the facility was removed from the advisory committee.[3]

Residents who support the construction of the training facility have said that they want a properly trained police force and hope the project would improve the quality of the Atlanta police force to make their communities safer.[5]

DTF supporters have led divestment movements against APF corporate sponsors funding the APF, and four "week of action" campaigns in 2021–22 featured live music, supply drives, skill shares, and history lessons about the area.[13] Dozens of local community groups and regional organizations have opposed the project.[14][15][16]

Two environmental organizations, the South River Forest Coalition and the South River Watershed Alliance, have filed a lawsuit against the film studio development.[3]

Forest defense actions

A tree sit to prevent cutting of trees at the Old Atlanta Prison Farm

Beginning in late 2021, the contested forest was occupied by self-described forest defenders who barricaded the area and constructed tree-sits to prevent trees from being cut. Forest defenders had several conflicts with police, resulting in some arrests. They have also destroyed equipment being used by developers in the forest, vandalized property belonging to corporations connected with the APF and Blackhall studios, and committed arson.[3] In May 2022 the corporate offices of Brasfield & Gorrie in Birmingham, Alabama were vandalized, and the message "Drop Cop City Or Else" was spray-painted on the building.[17]

There is wide variation in the political stance and approach of DTF forest defenders,[17] and several sources describe the movement as leaderless and autonomous, with any participant able to act as they wish.[12][18][19] Prison abolition is a strongly represented political philosophy among opponents.[2][6]

On December 13, 2022, a task force of multiple police agencies conducted a joint raid at the training facility site.[20] Five people were arrested and charged with domestic terrorism.[21] The Georgia Bureau of Investigation (GBI) stated that road flares, gasoline, and explosive devices were found in the area;[20] when reporters asked police whether the explosive devices were fireworks or something more dangerous, the police declined to answer.[22]

Fatal shooting by police

Main article: Killing of Manuel Esteban Paez Terán

On January 18, 2023, Georgia State Troopers and other agencies launched another raid. During the raid a trooper was shot in the leg, and a protester, Manuel Terán, known also as "Tortuguita", was shot and killed by police.[23] Police stated that Terán fired on them without warning.[24] Multiple groups, including other protestors, two independent journalists who had previously interviewed Terán, and Terán's family, have questioned whether Terán fired first, pointing to the lack of body camera footage of the shooting and calling for an independent investigation.[24][25][26][27] GBI conducted a forensic ballistic analysis which determined that the projectile recovered from the officer's wound matched the handgun found in Terán's possession.[28] The GBI said that there is no body camera footage of the shooting because officers near the incident did not have cameras. Georgia State Patrol officers do not wear body-cameras.[29] However, there is footage of the aftermath; officers from other agencies were present and would have captured that video.[29] The recovered handgun was determined to be purchased legally by Terán in September 2020.[30] Other protesters and Terán's family dispute that Terán fired a gun.[24]

On February 9, 2023, the Atlanta police released body camera footage of the aftermath of the shooting wherein an officer is heard saying "You fucked your own officer up." This lead some to believe that the injured officer had not been shot by Terán, but by friendly fire from another officer.[31][32]

In March, Terán's family released the results of an independent autopsy revealing that Terán was shot fourteen times while sitting cross-legged on the ground with their hands raised in the air.[33][34]

January 2023 protests

Stop Cop City protests in Atlanta on January 22, 2023

On January 21, 2023, protesters marched from Underground Atlanta down Peachtree Street. At the intersection with Ellis St, some protesters damaged institutions who support the facility and burned an Atlanta Police Department vehicle. Six arrests were made. Responding to condemnation of these acts, Stop Cop City issued a statement asserting that "Destruction of material is fundamentally different from violence. All reported acts appear to be explicitly targeted against the financial backers".[35]

Vigils and protests were also held in other cities, such as Bridgeport, Minneapolis, Nashville, Philadelphia, and Tucson, from January 20 to 22, 2023.[36] Some demonstrators spray painted graffiti on Bank of America buildings to protest the company's involvement in financing the facility's construction.[36]

March 2023 protests

A protest was held at the facility construction site on March 5, 2023. Several demonstrators threw rocks and firebombs, resulting in the destruction of several pieces of construction equipment. Police subsequently raided the nearby South River Music Festival and detained 35 people, of which 12 were released and the remaining 23 were charged with domestic terrorism.[37] Festival attendees have accused police of selectively charging protestors from out of state, while releasing Georgia residents, in order to further the narrative that "outside agitators" coordinated and controlled the protests.[citation needed]

The arrest warrant for the festival attendees stated that domestic terrorism charges were brought against those based on probable cause, such as having had mud on their feet, and that those with legal aid phone numbers written on their bodies were considered suspicious. According to The Intercept, there is no information contained in the warrants that directly connects any of the defendants to illegal actions.[38][39] Atlanta police chief Darin Schierbaum refused to comment when confronted by journalists about this allegation.[40]

In May 2023, three activists were arrested and charged with felony intimidation of a police officer and misdemeanor stalking, with penalties up to 20 years in prison, for posting fliers and identifying the officer that shot Manuel Terán.[41] That same month, three more activists were arrested and charged with charity fraud and money laundering for organizing a legal bail fund. [42] Regarding the arrests, Georgia Attorney General Chris Carr pledged to “not rest until we have held accountable every person who has funded, organized, or participated in” the protests.[43]

Issues and themes

In September 2022, the APF reported that it projected opening the first phase of the facility in late 2023. DTF estimated that it had delayed the project by at least a month and a half.[13]

Domestic terrorism charges

Following the arrests in December when protestors were charged with domestic terrorism, additional protestors arrested in January were also charged with terrorism resulting in a total of 20 people facing these charges.[44] On March 6, 2023, it was reported that 23 people who had thrown large rocks, bricks, Molotov cocktails, and fireworks at police, as well having set buildings and equipment on fire, had been charged with domestic terrorism. Only two of them were from Atlanta. One was from France, and one was from Canada.[45][46][47][48]

This is the first time that state law has been used in this way. Legal scholars, protest groups, and state and local governments are interested in the precedents that this will set for handling similar cases in the future. Supporters of this approach say that it will deter criminal behavior, while critics say that it is overreach and could stifle legitimate protest.[49]

In March 2023, several human rights groups co-signed a letter which said that "application of the domestic terrorism statute" against 19 of the 35 arrested March 2023 protestors "is an escalatory intimidation tactic and a draconian step that seems intended to chill First Amendment protected activity". The groups that signed the letter included Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, the National Lawyers Guild, and the Center for Constitutional Rights.[50]

In September 2023, 61 people were indicted under the Georgia RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations) Act for involvement in the protests.[51]

Responses

In February 2023, students from Emory University, Morehouse College, Spelman College and other schools petitioned their schools to denounce the training center.[11] Christopher M. Carr, the Georgia Attorney General, has defended the terrorism charges that have been brought against protestors.[52]

See also

References

  1. ^ Abusaid, Shaddi; Stevens, Alexis; Hollis, Henri; Burns, Asia Simone (August 23, 2020). "No charges against Atlanta officers in fatal shooting of Rayshard Brooks". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved August 24, 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Abolitionists and Environmentalists in Atlanta Band Together to "Stop Cop City"". YES! Magazine. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Bethea, Charles (August 3, 2022). "The New Fight Over an Old Forest in Atlanta". The New Yorker. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  4. ^ Collective, CrimethInc Ex-Workers. "CrimethInc. : The City in the Forest : Reinventing Resistance for an Age of Climate Crisis and Police Militarization". CrimethInc. Retrieved April 17, 2023.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h Maxouris, Christina (September 24, 2022). "Atlanta wants to build a massive police training facility in a forest. Neighbors are fighting to stop it". CNN. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  6. ^ a b Lennard, Natasha (2022). "An Uncompromising Coalition Is Building Support to Nix Atlanta's "Cop City"". The Intercept. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  7. ^ Ellis, Ralph (June 24, 2020). "Woman charged in Atlanta Wendy's arson given $10,000 bond in first court hearing". CNN. Archived from the original on June 26, 2020. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
  8. ^ "Weekly Crime Reports".
  9. ^ Jordan, Mike (June 16, 2022). "The US activists holed up in treehouses to block $90m 'Cop City'". The Guardian. Retrieved December 12, 2022.
  10. ^ a b Vicks, Akil (July 2022). "Atlanta Is Building a "Cop City" on the Site of a Former Prison Farm". Jacobin. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  11. ^ a b Pratt, Timothy (February 9, 2023). "'Cop City' opposition spreads beyond Georgia forest defenders". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
  12. ^ a b Herskind, Micah (February 8, 2022). "Cop City and the Prison Industrial Complex in Atlanta". Mainline. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  13. ^ a b "INSTITUTE INDEX: Defending Atlanta's last forest from 'Cop City'". Facing South. September 2, 2022. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  14. ^ "64 groups and businesses sign on to oppose public safety training center ahead of City Council resolution". SaportaReport. June 24, 2022. Retrieved January 30, 2023.
  15. ^ Capelouto, J. D. "SE Atlanta neighborhoods: Don't build police training facility on old prison farm site". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. ISSN 1539-7459. Retrieved January 30, 2023.
  16. ^ "What is 'Cop City'? How opposition to an Atlanta police center prompted national demonstrations". NBC News. Retrieved January 30, 2023.
  17. ^ a b "Diverse Coalition Unites Against Atlanta's Plan to Build "Cop City"". Filter. August 25, 2022. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  18. ^ Fassler, Ella (February 17, 2022). "Activists Are Occupying the Woods of Atlanta to Block a New Police Facility". Vice. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  19. ^ Bernd, Candice (February 23, 2022). "Activists Blockade Construction of Massive Cop Training Center in Atlanta Forest". Truthout. Retrieved December 10, 2022.
  20. ^ a b Sayers, Devon M.; Watson, Michelle; Levenson, Eric (December 14, 2022). "Five people arrested on domestic terrorism charges in clash at Atlanta's 'Cop City' site". CNN.
  21. ^ Wheatley, Thomas (December 15, 2022). "Atlanta's "Cop City" activists face domestic terrorism charges". Axios.
  22. ^ "Protesters question circumstances surrounding 'Stop Cop City' activist's death". PBS NewsHour. January 29, 2023. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
  23. ^ "Atlanta Police Kill Forest Defender at Protest Encampment Near Proposed "Cop City" Training Center". Democracy Now!. Retrieved January 23, 2023.
  24. ^ a b c Pratt, Timothy (January 21, 2023). "'Assassinated in cold blood': activist killed protesting Georgia's 'Cop City'". The Guardian. Retrieved January 23, 2023.
  25. ^ "Protesters: 'Cop City' activist's killing doesn't make sense". AP NEWS. January 29, 2023. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
  26. ^ Rico, R.J. "Man killed, trooper shot while 'Cop City' protesters cleared". ABC News. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
  27. ^ Peisner, David. "Little Turtle's War". THE BITTER SOUTHERNER. Retrieved February 2, 2023.
  28. ^ Donesha, Aldridg. "GBI: Ballistic analysis shows projectile recovered from trooper's wound matches gun in protester's possession". 11 Alive. Retrieved January 23, 2023.
  29. ^ a b Raymond, Jonathan (January 23, 2023). "GBI says bodycam video exists of aftermath of deadly 'Cop City' clash". 11 Alive. Retrieved January 29, 2023.
  30. ^ Fox 5 digital team. "GBI: Gun used to shoot trooper at site of Atlanta Public Safety Training Center bought legally by suspect". Fox5 Atlanta. Retrieved January 24, 2023.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  31. ^ Estep, Tyler; Abusaid, Shaddi (February 8, 2023). "Atlanta police release footage of training center shooting aftermath". The Atlanta Journal Constitution. Retrieved February 9, 2023.
  32. ^ Unicorn Riot (February 8, 2023). "Atlanta PD Releases Bodycam Footage from Deadly Jan. 18 Forest Raid". Retrieved February 9, 2023.
  33. ^ Owen, Tess (March 13, 2023). "Police Shot 'Stop Cop City' Activist 14 Times With Their Hands Up, Independent Autopsy Shows". Vice News. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  34. ^ Rico, R.J. (March 13, 2023). "Autopsy report says 'Cop City' protester had hands raised when killed". PBS News. Retrieved March 14, 2023.
  35. ^ "6 arrested after violent protesters cause mayhem, set APD car on fire in downtown Atlanta". WSBTV. Retrieved January 22, 2023.
  36. ^ a b Fur, Lucy (January 23, 2023). "Marches and Vigils Across the US Respond to the Police Killing of Forest Defender Tort". Unicorn Riot. Retrieved January 24, 2023.
  37. ^ Spender, Tom (March 6, 2023). "Atlanta 'Cop City': Arrests as protesters clash with police". BBC News. Retrieved March 6, 2023.
  38. ^ "The Show Must Go On: On Sunday's arrests at the South River Music Festival". Atlanta Community Press Collective. March 8, 2023. Retrieved March 11, 2023.
  39. ^ Lennard, Natasha (March 8, 2023). "Atlanta Cop City Protesters Charged With Domestic Terror for Having Mud on Their Shoes". The Intercept. Retrieved May 20, 2023.
  40. ^ "Unicorn Riot Coverage of the Movement to Protect the Atlanta Forest". UNICORN RIOT. Retrieved March 11, 2023.
  41. ^ Lennard, Natasha; Lacy, Akela (May 2, 2023). "Activists Face Felonies for Distributing Flyers on "Cop City" Protester Killing". The Intercept. Retrieved May 20, 2023. A forensics report from the Georgia Bureau of Investigation about guns fired during Tortuguita's killing named six state patrol officers: Bryland Myers, Jerry Parrish, Jonathan Salcedo, Mark Jonathan Lamb, Ronaldo Kegel, and Royce Zah. According to public records, one of the officers named lives in the area where the activists posted flyers. The report was obtained by the Atlanta Community Press Collective, an abolitionist nonprofit media group, through an open records request.
  42. ^ "ATLANTA POLICE ARREST ORGANIZERS OF BAIL FUND FOR COP CITY PROTESTERS". The Intercept. May 31, 2023.
  43. ^ "Atlanta police arrest 3 organizers behind bail fund supporting protests against 'cop city'". PBS.
  44. ^ Lennard, Natasha (January 27, 2023). "The Crackdown on Cop City Protesters Is So Brutal Because of the Movement's Success". The Intercept. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
  45. ^ 23 charged with domestic terrorism after violent night at Atlanta public safety training center site, WSB via Yahoo, March 6, 2023
  46. ^ 23 charged with domestic terrorism after Atlanta 'Cop City' clashes, NBC News channel at YouTube, March 6, 2023
  47. ^ 23 protesters charged with domestic terrorism after fiery clashes at Atlanta's 'Cop City' training center, ABC News, March 6, 2023
  48. ^ 23 face domestic terrorism charges after arrests in ‘Cop City’ protests at planned police training site in Atlanta, CNN, March 6, 2023
  49. ^ McWhirter, Mariah Timms and Cameron. "Atlanta 'Cop City' Cases Test Use of Domestic-Terrorism Charges Against Protesters". WSJ. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
  50. ^ "66 Organizations Urge that Domestic Terrorism Charges Against Defend the Atlanta Forest Protesters Be Dropped". Defending Rights & Dissent. March 6, 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 8, 2023.
  51. ^ "61 indicted in Georgia on racketeering charges connected to 'Stop Cop City' movement". AP News. September 5, 2023. Retrieved September 8, 2023.
  52. ^ "Georgia AG defends domestic terrorism charges for Atlanta 'Cop City' protesters – 1010 WCSI". 1010wcsi.com. February 14, 2023. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
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