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Leung assumed office as Chief Executive on 1 July 2012. As well as the illegal structures issue, there was already controversy over several of his appointments, and his other actions. [[Fanny Law]], who was Leung's campaign manager, was appointed to head the office of the CE-elect.<ref>Staff reporter (20 April 2012). [http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=121724&sid=36124969&con_type=1&d_str=20120420&isSearch=1&sear_year=2012 "Law takes on job as director of CE-elect office"]. ''The Standard''.</ref> Leung's appointment to his transitional office, of Chen Ran (陳冉) as his project officer, stirred criticism. Chen is a former General Secretary of the pro-[[Communist Party of China|CPC]] Hong Kong Y.Elites Association (香港菁英會), of which Leung is the patron. She is also the daughter of a middle-ranking government official in [[Shanghai]], and a former member of the [[Communist Youth League]] who has resided in Hong Kong for less than seven years.<ref>[http://www.webcitation.org/679cnS3QQ "委「共青」入候任特首辦 梁振英拒评安插官二代 <nowiki>[</nowiki>Appointment of Communist Youth to CE-elect's office – CY Leung refuses to comment on parachuting of second-generation official<nowiki>]</nowiki>"]. pg. 2, ''Headline News'', 24 April 2012. Archived from [http://news.hkheadline.com/dailynews/content_hk/2012/04/24/188105.asp the original], 24 April 2012.</ref> Leung made his inaugural speech in [[Standard Chinese|Mandarin]]; not a word of [[Cantonese]] was spoken during the ceremony. This was in contrast to his predecessor, Donald Tsang, who in 2007 made his inaugural speech in Cantonese.<ref>[http://rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/07/01/a-shocking-language-lesson-in-hong-kong/ A Telling Language Lesson in Hong Kong]</ref>
Leung assumed office as Chief Executive on 1 July 2012. As well as the illegal structures issue, there was already controversy over several of his appointments, and his other actions. [[Fanny Law]], who was Leung's campaign manager, was appointed to head the office of the CE-elect.<ref>Staff reporter (20 April 2012). [http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=30&art_id=121724&sid=36124969&con_type=1&d_str=20120420&isSearch=1&sear_year=2012 "Law takes on job as director of CE-elect office"]. ''The Standard''.</ref> Leung's appointment to his transitional office, of Chen Ran (陳冉) as his project officer, stirred criticism. Chen is a former General Secretary of the pro-[[Communist Party of China|CPC]] Hong Kong Y.Elites Association (香港菁英會), of which Leung is the patron. She is also the daughter of a middle-ranking government official in [[Shanghai]], and a former member of the [[Communist Youth League]] who has resided in Hong Kong for less than seven years.<ref>[http://www.webcitation.org/679cnS3QQ "委「共青」入候任特首辦 梁振英拒评安插官二代 <nowiki>[</nowiki>Appointment of Communist Youth to CE-elect's office – CY Leung refuses to comment on parachuting of second-generation official<nowiki>]</nowiki>"]. pg. 2, ''Headline News'', 24 April 2012. Archived from [http://news.hkheadline.com/dailynews/content_hk/2012/04/24/188105.asp the original], 24 April 2012.</ref> Leung made his inaugural speech in [[Standard Chinese|Mandarin]]; not a word of [[Cantonese]] was spoken during the ceremony. This was in contrast to his predecessor, Donald Tsang, who in 2007 made his inaugural speech in Cantonese.<ref>[http://rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/07/01/a-shocking-language-lesson-in-hong-kong/ A Telling Language Lesson in Hong Kong]</ref>


Once he became the chief executive, the decreased of jobs opportunities, many mainlanders came from China had been given more social welfares, which made Hong Kong citizens felt dissatisfied and to express their disappointment to him. His poll was continuous low since he was chief executive. Only 31 per cent of the 1,009 participants in the HKU poll said they supported Leung as the city's leader, while 55 per cent disapproved of him - an increase of 6 percentage points from last month's poll. <ref>[http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1332477/leung-chun-ying-survive-confidence-vote-poll-rating-dips-again Leung Chun-ying to survive confidence vote but poll rating dips again]South China Morning Post 16 October, 2013,</ref> As he received 689 votes from electoral committee, he is commonly called as 689.
Once he became the chief executive job opportunities decreased, many mainlanders have received more social welfare, which made Hong Kong citizens feel dissatisfied and express their disappointment to him. His poll has been continuously low since his election. Only 31 per cent of the 1,009 participants in the HKU poll said they supported Leung as the city's leader, while 55 per cent disapproved of him - an increase of 6 percentage points from last month's poll. <ref>[http://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/article/1332477/leung-chun-ying-survive-confidence-vote-poll-rating-dips-again Leung Chun-ying to survive confidence vote but poll rating dips again]South China Morning Post 16 October, 2013,</ref> As he received 689 votes from electoral committee, he is commonly called 689.


==Personal life==
==Personal life==

Revision as of 06:20, 4 January 2014

Template:Chinese name

The Honourable
Leung Chun-ying
GBM, GBS, JP
梁振英
3rd Chief Executive of Hong Kong
Assumed office
1 July 2012
Preceded byDonald Tsang
Majority689 electoral votes (57.4%)
2nd Convenor of the Executive Council
In office
1 July 1999 – 3 October 2011
Appointed byTung Chee-hwa
Sir Donald Tsang
Preceded byChung Sze-yuen
Succeeded byRonald Arculli
Member of the CPPCC
In office
10th CPPCC
11th CPPCC
In office
16 March 2003 – 21 June 2012
Personal details
Born (1954-08-12) 12 August 1954 (age 69)
NationalityHong Kong
SpouseRegina Tong Ching-yi
ChildrenLeung Chuen-yan
Leung Chai-yan
Leung Chung-yan
Alma materKing's College
Hong Kong Polytechnic
Bristol Polytechnic
OccupationChartered Surveyor
Honorary DegreeDBA (PolyU)
PhD in Business Administration (UWE)
CY Leung
Chinese梁振英

Leung Chun-ying GBM, GBS, JP (born 12 August 1954), commonly known as CY Leung, is the third and incumbent Chief Executive and President of the Executive Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, assuming office on 1 July 2012.[1][2] A politician of the pro-establishment bloc, Leung has held various political offices including Convenor of the Executive Council and Member of the Provisional Legislative Council before his victory in the 2012 Hong Kong Chief Executive Election, which won 689 electoral votes.

Early life

Leung attended secondary school at King's College. In 1974, he graduated from the Hong Kong Polytechnic (now the Hong Kong Polytechnic University) with a higher diploma in building surveying. After his graduation, Leung studied valuation and estate management at Bristol Polytechnic (now the University of the West of England) in the United Kingdom in 1977.[3]

Leung returned to Hong Kong from the United Kingdom and joined real estate firm Jones Lang Wootton where he worked for 5 years.[4] By the age of 30 he was made the chairman of the JLW branch in Hong Kong.[4] Making a yearly salary of HK$10 million, he was given the nickname "Emperor of the working class" (打工皇帝) early in his career.[4] In 1993 he opened his own surveyor company. By 2000 this company would merge along with Singapore's Dai Yuk-coeng company (戴玉祥) into DTZ Debenham Tie Leung Limited.[5][6] From 1995 to 1996 Leung was the president of Hong Kong Institute of Surveyors. He was the past chairman of Hong Kong branch's Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors. He then became an honorary advisor of Shenzhen, Tianjian and Shanghai government on Land Reform. He is also the International Economic advisor for the People's government of Hebei province.[7]

Early political career

From 1999 to 2008 he was a council chairman at Lingnan University.[8] He was also chairman and member of the Council of the City University of Hong Kong.[3] In 1985, he was elected member of the Basic Law Consultative Committee, and was later elected the Secretary General of the Committee.

In 1999 Leung was awarded the Gold Bauhinia Star.[4] He was a member of the National Standing Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference until he resigned a week before he assumed the post as the Chief Executive of Hong Kong in 2012.[3][9] He is also the chairman, board of directors for the One Country Two Systems Research Institute.[3]

In 2011, there were confrontations between police and demonstrators after the annual 1 July march amid public opposition to the government's draft legislation to eliminate by elections for vacated Legco seats. Leung responded by saying that such rowdy rallies should be "sanctioned and restrained".[10]

Convenor of the Executive Council

Then-Chief Executive Tung Chee-hwa appointed Leung as the convenor of the Executive Council in 1998, replacing his predecessor Chung Sze-yuen. During Tung Chee-hwa's 1997 policy address, he proposed that the government would build no less than 85,000 flats every year, allowing 70% of the citizens to own a house within 10 years.[11] However, due to the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis, the proposal was put on a halt. As the convenor of the Executive Council, CY Leung has been questioned many times regarding this policy plan over the years.[12] The citizen further said these policies favour the business (upper) class. Leung responded that the plan was something the government just projected at one time.

Chief Executive

Election campaign

Main article: Hong Kong Chief Executive election, 2012

On 28 November 2011, Leung officially announced his candidacy for Chief Executive of Hong Kong,[13] two years after he had first hinted at his interest in the post.[14]

The election campaign was surprising and controversial. The early favourite to win was long-considered to be former Chief Secretary Henry Tang, who was supported by the local bureacracy, key property and business tycoons, and crucially, by the Beijing government. However, while Tang stumbled over the revelation of an illegal structure at his home, Leung faced his own problems.

During the campaign, rumours persistently resurfaced that Leung was (or had been) a closet member of the Communist Party of China. Section 31 of Chief Executive Election Ordinance (Chapter 569) stipulates that a CE election winner must "publicly make a statutory declaration to the effect that he is not a member of any political party". Martin Lee, a pro-democracy politician, questioned the survival of the 'one country, two systems' principle if Leung were to be elected the CE, saying that Leung must have been a loyal CCP member for him to be appointed as the Secretary General of the Basic Law Consultative Committee in 1985 at the young age of 31.[15] This view was supported by a former underground communist, Florence Leung, whose memoir recorded that Leung was also a secret member of the party. She explained that in order for Leung to succeed Mao Junnian, whose identity as a communist had been revealed, as the Secretary General of the Basic Law Consultative Committee, he must also have been a party member, per the tradition of the party. She also cited Leung's vague remarks about the 1989 Tiananmen Massacre as a clue to his membership, in contrast to Henry Tang's greater sympathy for the protest movement.[16] She said that if Leung, as an underground party member, won the election then the leader of the Communist Party in Hong Kong would be in actual control. Leung consistently dismissed such claims as ungrounded.[17]

The suggestion that Leung's loyalty was more to Beijing than Hong Kong has long dogged him. In 2010, Leung had been asked whether he would support the award of the Nobel Peace Prize to jailed Chinese dissident Liu Xiaobo. He replied that China's former paramount leader, Deng Xiaoping, should have been the first Chinese to win the award.[18]

Towards the end of the election campaign, James Tien, the honorary chairman of the Liberal Party stated that members of the election committee had received phone calls from the Liaison Office demanding that they vote for Leung.[19]

Finally, on 25 March 2012, Leung was declared Hong Kong's new leader,[1] after securing 689 votes from the 1,200-member election committee. Henry Tang had 285 votes and the third candidate, Democrat Albert Ho gained the votes of 76 members. In total, 1,132 valid votes were received.

Upon his selection, the online version of People's Daily addressed Leung as "Comrade Leung Chun-ying". When the Chinese mass media[who?] pointed out that the title comrade (or tongzhi, 同志) is reserved by the party for its own members, and that neither Tung Chee-hwa nor Donald Tsang had been thus addressed, the epithet "comrade" was removed from the page.[20]

After his selection, a number of illegal or unauthorised structures were found at Leung's house, in a reprise of the scandal involving an illegal basement that had badly hit the campaign of his rival, Tang, and for which Leung had roundly criticised Tang.[21] The issue dominated the period around his taking up the post. Leung's structures were to be demolished although Chief Executive contender Albert Ho considered disputing Leung's legal legitimacy as the territory's new leader.[22]

First term (2012-present)

Main article: First term of CY Leung as Chief Executive of Hong Kong

Leung assumed office as Chief Executive on 1 July 2012. As well as the illegal structures issue, there was already controversy over several of his appointments, and his other actions. Fanny Law, who was Leung's campaign manager, was appointed to head the office of the CE-elect.[23] Leung's appointment to his transitional office, of Chen Ran (陳冉) as his project officer, stirred criticism. Chen is a former General Secretary of the pro-CPC Hong Kong Y.Elites Association (香港菁英會), of which Leung is the patron. She is also the daughter of a middle-ranking government official in Shanghai, and a former member of the Communist Youth League who has resided in Hong Kong for less than seven years.[24] Leung made his inaugural speech in Mandarin; not a word of Cantonese was spoken during the ceremony. This was in contrast to his predecessor, Donald Tsang, who in 2007 made his inaugural speech in Cantonese.[25]

Once he became the chief executive job opportunities decreased, many mainlanders have received more social welfare, which made Hong Kong citizens feel dissatisfied and express their disappointment to him. His poll has been continuously low since his election. Only 31 per cent of the 1,009 participants in the HKU poll said they supported Leung as the city's leader, while 55 per cent disapproved of him - an increase of 6 percentage points from last month's poll. [26] As he received 689 votes from electoral committee, he is commonly called 689.

Personal life

Leung is married to Regina Leung Tong Ching-yee (aka. Regina Ching Yee Higgins) in 1981.[27] The couple has two daughters and a son. His father was a Royal Hong Kong Police officer.[4][28]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Leung Chun-Ying Wins Hong Kong Election". online.wsj.com. Retrieved 25 March 2012.
  2. ^ "Leung Wins Hong Kong Leader Contest With Double Tang's Votes". Bloomberg. Retrieved 25 March 2012.
  3. ^ a b c d "Membership of Executive Council – LEUNG Chun-ying". Ceo.gov.hk. Retrieved 22 May 2011.
  4. ^ a b c d e "背后的故事". Hunantv.com. Retrieved 22 May 2011.
  5. ^ "深圳东海集团-楼盘介绍-东海花园二期". Eastpacific.com.cn. Retrieved 22 May 2011.
  6. ^ "Taking stock". Hong Kong Standard. Retrieved 23 February 2012.
  7. ^ "BRE_Alumni_txt.pm" (PDF). Retrieved 22 May 2011.
  8. ^ [1]
  9. ^ 新任香港特首梁振英辞去全国政协常委职务, 163.com, 21 June 2012
  10. ^ Exco chief urges curbs on rowdy rallies, SCMP, 3 July 2011
  11. ^ "1997 Policy Address". 8 October 1997. Retrieved 12 July 2012.
  12. ^ "都市网滚动新闻-梁振英落区论楼市". Dushi.ca. Retrieved 22 May 2011.
  13. ^ "Leung joins race with promise of change, South China Morning Post, 28 November 2011". South China Morning Post. Hong Kong. Retrieved 28 November 2011.
  14. ^ "RTHK English News". Rthk.org.hk. Retrieved 22 May 2011.
  15. ^ 反駁李柱銘 梁振英：我不是黨員, Headline Daily, 16 September 2011.
  16. ^ 出新書　過來人指港必遭蠶食：論證梁振英是地下共產黨, Apple Daily, 19 March 2012.
  17. ^ "Ex-Communist raps Comrade CY", South China Morning Post, 19 March 2012.
  18. ^ Tough, pro-Beijing Leung to lead wary Hong Kong, 30 June 2012, Reuters
  19. ^ 香港特首選舉前夕出現中央干預傳聞
  20. ^ 人民網稱梁振英"同志"引港媒議論, BBC Chinese, 30 March 2012
  21. ^ Tough, pro-Beijing Leung to lead wary Hong Kong
  22. ^ Illegal Structure Found in Leung's House, Mingpao, 22 June 2012
  23. ^ Staff reporter (20 April 2012). "Law takes on job as director of CE-elect office". The Standard.
  24. ^ "委「共青」入候任特首辦 梁振英拒评安插官二代 [Appointment of Communist Youth to CE-elect's office – CY Leung refuses to comment on parachuting of second-generation official]". pg. 2, Headline News, 24 April 2012. Archived from the original, 24 April 2012.
  25. ^ A Telling Language Lesson in Hong Kong
  26. ^ Leung Chun-ying to survive confidence vote but poll rating dips againSouth China Morning Post 16 October, 2013,
  27. ^ http://www.sharpdaily.hk/article/news/20120511/89009 http://www.worldjournal.com/view/full_news/18554746/article-%E6%A2%81%E6%8C%AF%E8%8B%B1%E8%80%81%E5%A9%86-%E8%A2%AB%E6%8F%AD%E6%9B%BE%E6%98%AF%E8%8B%B1%E7%B1%8D%E5%A7%93Higgins?instance=hk_bull
  28. ^ D.A.B. may leave it to a free vote, SCMP, 10 Feb 2012

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Political offices
Preceded by Convenor of the Executive Council
1999–2011 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Chief Executive of Hong Kong
2012–present 		Incumbent
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Geoffrey Ma
Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal
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Chairman of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
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Chief Executive of Hong Kong SAR 		Succeeded by
Fernando Chui
Chief Executive of Macau SAR

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