Adaptations of The Lord of the Rings: Difference between revisions

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Template:After Tolkien navbox The Lord of the Rings, an epic high fantasy novel by the British author J. R. R. Tolkien, set in his fictional world of Middle-earth, has been adapted several times.

Film

Three film adaptations of The Lord of the Rings have been made. The first was The Lord of the Rings (1978), by animator Ralph Bakshi, the first part of what was originally intended to be a two-part adaptation of the story. The second, The Return of the King (1980), was a television special by Rankin-Bass. The third was director Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings film trilogy, released in three installments as The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001), The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002), and The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003).

The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey, a prequel to The Lord of the Rings trilogy featuring some of the same characters, was released on 12 December 2012, directed by Peter Jackson. The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug was released on 13 December 2013 and the final installment, The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies, was released on 11 December 2014. A previous animated adaptation of The Hobbit (1977) exists, and was directed by Jules Bass and Arthur Rankin, Jr.

Television

A Swedish live action television film, Sagan om ringen, inspired by the music album Music Inspired by Lord of the Rings by Bo Hansson was broadcast in 1971.^[1]

A Finnish live action television miniseries, Hobitit, was broadcast in 1993 based on the events of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings.^[2]^[3]

Amazon Studios discussed development of a series based on The Lord of the Rings with Warner Bros. Television and the estate of J. R. R. Tolkien in late 2017.^[4] In November 2017, Amazon announced plans to develop a big-budget, multi-season television episodic prequel in a massive deal said to be close to $250 million.^[5] The series will not be a direct adaptation of the books, but will instead introduce new stories that are set before The Fellowship of the Ring.^[6] Amazon said the deal included potential for spin-off series as well.^[7] The press release referred to "previously unexplored stories based on J.R.R. Tolkien's original writings". Amazon will be the producer in conjunction with the Tolkien Estate and The Tolkien Trust, HarperCollins and New Line Television.^[8] According to a 2018 report, it will be the most expensive TV show ever produced.^[9] JD Payne and Patrick McKay will be the showrunners of the series, with Bryan Cogman to be executive producer and creative consultant for the show.^[10]^[11] On July 3 it was announced that J. A. Bayona will direct the first two episodes of the series, with Belén Atienza as executive producer.^[12]^[13]On July 22 it was announced that actress Markella Kavenagh is in discussions to play a character named Tyra.^[14]^[15]On July 27 it was announced the production team. The team will be comprised from Rich Heinrichs as production designer, Jason Smith as executive producer Kate Hawley as costume designer,Bryan Cogmanan and DB Weiss in consulting role,Bruce Richmond as executive producer, Justin Doble as writer and executive producer,Gennifer Hutchison as writer and executive producer, Jason Cahill as writer and executive producer, Lindsey Weber as writer and executive producer, Tolkien scholar Tom Shippey, and illustrator/concept artist John Howe.^[16]^[17]^[18]^[19]The show is expected to be released in 2021.^[20]

Stage

An actor as Frodo Baggins in *The Lord of the Rings* comedy musical in Cincinnati

Several musical theatre adaptations have been made based on The Lord of the Rings.

Full-length productions of each of The Fellowship of the Ring (2001), The Two Towers (2002), and The Return of the King (2003) were staged in Cincinnati, Ohio.^[21]^[22]

Lifeline Theatre in Chicago, Illinois, produced individual plays of each of the three books over various years in the 1990s.

In 2006, a large-scale three-and-a-half-hour The Lord of the Rings musical was produced in Toronto. The expensive production lost money and closed six months later and, after some cutting and rewriting, began performances in London on 9 May 2007 and was a success with audiences, closing on 19 July 2008.

A musical parody of The Fellowship of the Ring, titled Fellowship! ran in LA for a stint at two separate occasions, coming back 3 years after its debut for a number of shows in the summer of 2009.

Video games

Audio

Readings

Library of Congress recordings

Generally, Library of Congress recordings are only available to the blind and physically handicapped.

1967 (Livingston Gilbert)

The Library of Congress recorded an unabridged version of The Lord of the Rings in 1967, narrated by Livingston Gilbert, on vinyl media. This version was taken out of circulation at the time of the recording of the 1978 version and is no longer offered for checkout to Library of Congress patrons. Reference numbers were TB 03367 (The Fellowship of the Ring), TB 03369 (The Two Towers), and TB 03368 (The Return of the King).

1978 (Norman Barrs)

The Library of Congress recorded a second unabridged version of The Lord of the Rings in 1978, narrated by Norman Barrs, on 4-track tape media. This version was taken out of circulation at the time of the recording of the 1999 version and is no longer offered for checkout to Library of Congress patrons. Reference numbers were RC 10975 (The Fellowship of the Ring), RC 10976 (The Two Towers), and RC 10977 (The Return of the King).

1999 (David Palmer)

The Library of Congress recorded a third unabridged version of The Lord of the Rings, A trip to Mordor in 1999, narrated by David Palmer, on 4-track tape media. This version is also available on the new digital players provided for Library of Congress patrons. Reference numbers are RC 47486 / DB 47486 (The Fellowship of the Ring), RC 47487 / DB 47487 (The Two Towers), and RC 47488 / DB 47488 (The Return of the King).

Rob Inglis unabridged reading, 1990

In 1990, Australian actor Rob Inglis read/performed an unabridged version for Recorded Books in their New York studio.^[23] While not strictly a dramatisation, Inglis created voices for all of the characters. And along with project producer Claudia Howard, he created music for all of the songs, which he performed. The project took six weeks to record, plus preparation time. A year later he recorded an audio version of The Hobbit.^[23]

Dramatisations

1955–1956 BBC radio play

In 1955 and 1956, the BBC broadcast The Lord of the Rings, a 12-part radio adaptation of the story. Tolkien disparaged this dramatisation, referring to the portrayal of Tom Bombadil as "dreadful" and complaining bitterly about several other aspects.^[24] No recordings of it are known to survive.^{[citation needed]}

WBAI radio adaptation

In the early 1960s radio station WBAI-FM, New York, broadcast a short adaptation of The Lord of the Rings, with music. This version, which had not been authorized by Tolkien, was later suppressed by his legal representatives.^{[citation needed]}

1979 The Mind's Eye radio play

A 1979 dramatization of The Lord of the Rings was broadcast in the United States. The series was produced by The Mind's Eye, a small theater company that specialized in audio adaptations of popular works, and which also produced a six-hour adaptation of The Hobbit. The Mind's Eye version has since been reproduced and sold in many different cassette tape, CD and MP3 editions.

1981 BBC radio play

In 1981 the BBC broadcast The Lord of the Rings, a new, ambitious dramatisation in 26 half-hour instalments. It starred Ian Holm as Frodo Baggins, the protagonist; he would play Bilbo Baggins, his character's cousin/uncle, in the live-action trilogy.

1992 German radio play

In 1992 the German radio stations SDR and WDR broadcast Der Herr der Ringe, a 30-episode adaptation of The Lord of the Rings.

1999-2000 Danish radio play

In 1999-2000 the Danish radio station Danmarks Radio broadcast Eventyret om Ringen, a Danish language retelling of The Lord of the Rings by Rune T. Kidde. Music by The Tolkien Ensemble, Hedningarna, Sorten Muld and Kim Skovbye.^[25]

2001–2003 Slovak radio play

In 2001, 2002 and 2003, the three volumes of the Lord of the Rings were adapted into three annual series of fully cast radio plays. Each series consisted of six episodes. The character of Bilbo Baggins served as the narrator. The eighteen episodes were produced and broadcast as a co-production between the public broadcaster Slovak Radio (now Radio and Television Slovakia) and the private broadcaster Rádio Twist (later known as Rádio Viva).^[26]^[27]^[28]^[29]

References

^ K-Special, "I trollkarlens hatt Archived 2015-10-27 at the Wayback Machine" (at 24m30s), Sveriges television, 23 October 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
^ "Yle teettää oman sovituksen Taru sormusten herrasta-sadusta" [Yle to produce its own version of the tale of The Lord of the Rings]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). 18 June 1991.
^ Kajava, Jukka (29 March 1993). "Tolkienin taruista on tehty tv-sarja: Hobitien ilme syntyi jo Ryhmäteatterin Suomenlinnan tulkinnassa" [Tolkien's tales have been turned into a TV series: The Hobbits have been brought to live in the Ryhmäteatteri theatre]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). (subscription required)
^ "'Lord of the Rings': Amazon, Warner Bros. in Talks for Series Adaptation". Variety. Retrieved November 5, 2017.
^ Andreeva, Nellie (November 13, 2017). "Amazon Sets 'The Lord of the Rings' TV Series In Mega Deal With Multi-Season Commitment". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved November 13, 2017.
^ Axon, Samuel (13 November 2017). "Amazon will run a multi-season Lord of the Rings prequel TV series". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on 14 November 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ Gonzalez, Sandra (13 November 2017). "Amazon announces 'Lord of the Rings' TV show". CNN. Archived from the original on 14 November 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ Koblin, John (13 November 2017). "'Lord of the Rings' Series Coming to Amazon". The New York Times. New York City: New York Times Company. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
^ "Amazon's 'Lord of the Rings' Will Be the Most Expensive Television Show Ever Made". Fortune. Retrieved 8 April 2018.
^ "Amazon Has Picked Star Trek 4 Writing Duo To Develop Its Lord Of The Rings Show". Kotaku. 2018-07-30. Retrieved 2019-05-01.
^ "Amazon's 'Lord of the Rings' TV Series Lands 'Game of Thrones' Writer-Producer as Consultant". Indiewire. 2019-05-21. Retrieved 2019-06-16.
^ "'The Lord Of The Rings': J.A. Bayona To Direct Amazon Series". Deadline. 2019-07-03. Retrieved 2019-07-03.
^ "'Lord of the Rings' Series at Amazon Enlists J.A. Bayona to Direct". Variety. 2019-07-03. Retrieved 2019-07-03.
^ "'Lord of the Rings' Series at Amazon Taps First Cast Member (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. 2019-07-22. Retrieved 2019-07-22.
^ "Amazon's The Lord of The Rings Reportedly Casts Markella Kavenagh". IGN. 2019-07-22. Retrieved 2019-07-23.
^ "Amazon's 'Lord of The Rings' Series Officially Adds 'Star Wars: The Last Jedi' Production Designer Rick Heinrichs". HN ENTERTAINMENT. 2019-07-27. Retrieved 2019-07-28.
^ "'Game Of Thrones' Showrunners Are Reportedly In For 'Lord Of The Rings' TV Series". esquire. 2019-07-27. Retrieved 2019-07-28.
^ "mazon Prime Video renews Carnival Row, The Expanse and teases more LoTR details". SYFY WIRE. 2019-07-27. Retrieved 2019-07-28.
^ "Meet our Fellowship". Twitter. 2019-07-27. Retrieved 2019-07-28.
^ "What To Expect From Amazon's Lord of the Rings TV Show". ScreenRant. 2019-03-09. Retrieved 2019-05-01.
^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-10-09. Retrieved 2006-08-24. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^ http://www.playbill.com/news/article/lord-of-the-rings-musical-will-embark-on-2015-world-tour-211617
^ ^a ^b Joseph P. Menta (December 2001 – January 2002). "Talking With Rob Inglis". AudioFile. Archived from the original on 2014-01-08. Retrieved January 8, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ Carpenter, Humphrey, ed. (2023) [1981]. The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien: Revised and Expanded Edition. New York: Harper Collins. no. 175. ISBN 978-0-35-865298-4.
^ http://www.imladris.dk/?id=11&show=95
^ "The Lord of the Rings - Worldwide radio premiere". sk.radiotv.cz. RadioTV.sk. 10 November 2001. Retrieved 12 September 2015.
^ "Marián Labuda as the hobbit Bilbo". www.radioservis-as.cz. Týdenník Rozhlas (online archives). Retrieved 12 September 2015.
^ "The Lord of the Rings: Behind the scenes". devin.rtvs.sk. Rádio Devín, Rozhlas a televízia Slovenska (online archives). 25 November 2016. Archived from the original on 6 December 2016. Retrieved 6 December 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "J. R. R. Tolkien: The Lord of the Rings (Radio play)". devin.rtvs.sk. Rádio Devín, Rozhlas a televízia Slovenska (online archives). 24 November 2016. Archived from the original on 6 December 2016. Retrieved 6 December 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

External links

Official sites

News and fan sites

The One Ring.net - Fan and news site relating to The Lord of the Rings film trilogy and books.
The One Ring.com - Fan and news site relating to Tolkien's works, the New Line films and related matters; not to be confused with the above.
Tolkien Gateway - An encyclopedia for anything related to Tolkien and his works.
Tolkien News - News relating to The Lord of the Rings and Tolkien's other works.
Lord of the Rings Fanatics Plaza - online Tolkien fan community with role-playing games, lore discussions, debates, and much more
Ringbearer.org - Tolkien fan community with all the latest Tolkien related news, book and movie discussions, and an active fan community.
Council of Elrond - a fan site for the Jackson movies and books featuring news and scholarship

Informational

The Lord of the Rings film trilogy at the Arts & Faith Top 100 Spiritually Significant Films list
John Boorman and Rospo Pallenberg's plans for an adaptation of The Lord of the Rings, from The One Ring.com message board

[1] K-Special, "I trollkarlens hatt Archived 2015-10-27 at the Wayback Machine" (at 24m30s), Sveriges television, 23 October 2015. Retrieved 26 October 2015.

[2] "Yle teettää oman sovituksen Taru sormusten herrasta-sadusta" [Yle to produce its own version of the tale of The Lord of the Rings]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). 18 June 1991.

[3] Kajava, Jukka (29 March 1993). "Tolkienin taruista on tehty tv-sarja: Hobitien ilme syntyi jo Ryhmäteatterin Suomenlinnan tulkinnassa" [Tolkien's tales have been turned into a TV series: The Hobbits have been brought to live in the Ryhmäteatteri theatre]. Helsingin Sanomat (in Finnish). (subscription required)

[4] "'Lord of the Rings': Amazon, Warner Bros. in Talks for Series Adaptation". Variety. Retrieved November 5, 2017.

[amazontelevision-5] Andreeva, Nellie (November 13, 2017). "Amazon Sets 'The Lord of the Rings' TV Series In Mega Deal With Multi-Season Commitment". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved November 13, 2017.

[6] Axon, Samuel (13 November 2017). "Amazon will run a multi-season Lord of the Rings prequel TV series". Ars Technica. Archived from the original on 14 November 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[7] Gonzalez, Sandra (13 November 2017). "Amazon announces 'Lord of the Rings' TV show". CNN. Archived from the original on 14 November 2017. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[8] Koblin, John (13 November 2017). "'Lord of the Rings' Series Coming to Amazon". The New York Times. New York City: New York Times Company. Retrieved 7 April 2018.

[9] "Amazon's 'Lord of the Rings' Will Be the Most Expensive Television Show Ever Made". Fortune. Retrieved 8 April 2018.

[10] "Amazon Has Picked Star Trek 4 Writing Duo To Develop Its Lord Of The Rings Show". Kotaku. 2018-07-30. Retrieved 2019-05-01.

[11] "Amazon's 'Lord of the Rings' TV Series Lands 'Game of Thrones' Writer-Producer as Consultant". Indiewire. 2019-05-21. Retrieved 2019-06-16.

[12] "'The Lord Of The Rings': J.A. Bayona To Direct Amazon Series". Deadline. 2019-07-03. Retrieved 2019-07-03.

[13] "'Lord of the Rings' Series at Amazon Enlists J.A. Bayona to Direct". Variety. 2019-07-03. Retrieved 2019-07-03.

[14] "'Lord of the Rings' Series at Amazon Taps First Cast Member (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. 2019-07-22. Retrieved 2019-07-22.

[15] "Amazon's The Lord of The Rings Reportedly Casts Markella Kavenagh". IGN. 2019-07-22. Retrieved 2019-07-23.

[16] "Amazon's 'Lord of The Rings' Series Officially Adds 'Star Wars: The Last Jedi' Production Designer Rick Heinrichs". HN ENTERTAINMENT. 2019-07-27. Retrieved 2019-07-28.

[17] "'Game Of Thrones' Showrunners Are Reportedly In For 'Lord Of The Rings' TV Series". esquire. 2019-07-27. Retrieved 2019-07-28.

[18] "mazon Prime Video renews Carnival Row, The Expanse and teases more LoTR details". SYFY WIRE. 2019-07-27. Retrieved 2019-07-28.

[19] "Meet our Fellowship". Twitter. 2019-07-27. Retrieved 2019-07-28.

[20] "What To Expect From Amazon's Lord of the Rings TV Show". ScreenRant. 2019-03-09. Retrieved 2019-05-01.

[21] "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-10-09. Retrieved 2006-08-24. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

[22] ttp://www.playbill.com/news/article/lord-of-the-rings-musical-will-embark-on-2015-world-tour-211617

[af-23] Joseph P. Menta (December 2001 – January 2002). "Talking With Rob Inglis". AudioFile. Archived from the original on 2014-01-08. Retrieved January 8, 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[24] Carpenter, Humphrey, ed. (2023) [1981]. The Letters of J. R. R. Tolkien: Revised and Expanded Edition. New York: Harper Collins. no. 175. ISBN 978-0-35-865298-4.

[25] ttp://www.imladris.dk/?id=11&show=95

[26] "The Lord of the Rings - Worldwide radio premiere". sk.radiotv.cz. RadioTV.sk. 10 November 2001. Retrieved 12 September 2015.

[27] "Marián Labuda as the hobbit Bilbo". www.radioservis-as.cz. Týdenník Rozhlas (online archives). Retrieved 12 September 2015.

[28] "The Lord of the Rings: Behind the scenes". devin.rtvs.sk. Rádio Devín, Rozhlas a televízia Slovenska (online archives). 25 November 2016. Archived from the original on 6 December 2016. Retrieved 6 December 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[29] "J. R. R. Tolkien: The Lord of the Rings (Radio play)". devin.rtvs.sk. Rádio Devín, Rozhlas a televízia Slovenska (online archives). 24 November 2016. Archived from the original on 6 December 2016. Retrieved 6 December 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

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@@ Line 16: / Line 16: @@
 A Finnish live action television miniseries, ''[[Hobitit]]'', was broadcast in 1993 based on the events of ''The Hobbit'' and ''The Lord of the Rings''.<ref>{{cite news|title=Yle teettää oman sovituksen Taru sormusten herrasta-sadusta |trans-title=Yle to produce its own version of the tale of ''The Lord of the Rings'' |work=[[Helsingin Sanomat]] |date=18 June 1991 |language=Finnish}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Kajava |first=Jukka |title=Tolkienin taruista on tehty tv-sarja: Hobitien ilme syntyi jo Ryhmäteatterin Suomenlinnan tulkinnassa |trans-title=Tolkien's tales have been turned into a TV series: The Hobbits have been brought to live in the Ryhmäteatteri theatre | work=[[Helsingin Sanomat]] |language=Finnish |date=29 March 1993 |url=http://www.hs.fi/paivanlehti/arkisto/?haku=Klonkku&ref=arkisto%2F&page=4}} {{Subscription required}}</ref>
-[[Amazon Studios]] discussed development of a series based on ''The Lord of the Rings'' with [[Warner Bros. Television]] and the estate of J. R. R. Tolkien in late 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=‘Lord of the Rings’: Amazon, Warner Bros. in Talks for Series Adaptation |url=https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-amazon-1202606519|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |access-date=November 5, 2017}}</ref> In November 2017, Amazon announced plans to develop a big-budget, multi-season television episodic prequel in a massive deal said to be close to $250 million.<ref name="amazontelevision">{{Cite news|url=http://deadline.com/2017/11/amazon-the-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-multi-season-commitment-1202207065/|title=Amazon Sets ‘The Lord of the Rings’ TV Series In Mega Deal With Multi-Season Commitment|date=November 13, 2017|accessdate=November 13, 2017|first=Nellie|last=Andreeva|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> The series will not be a direct adaptation of the books, but will instead introduce new stories that are set before ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]''.<ref>{{cite web |first=Samuel|last=Axon|url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2017/11/amazon-will-run-a-multi-season-lord-of-the-rings-prequel-tv-series/ |title=Amazon will run a multi-season Lord of the Rings prequel TV series |publisher=[[Ars Technica]] |date=13 November 2017 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114012646/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2017/11/amazon-will-run-a-multi-season-lord-of-the-rings-prequel-tv-series/ |archivedate=14 November 2017 }}</ref> Amazon said the deal included potential for spin-off series as well.<ref>{{cite web |first=Sandra|last=Gonzalez|url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/11/13/entertainment/lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-amazon/index.html|title=Amazon announces 'Lord of the Rings' TV show |publisher=[[CNN]] |date=13 November 2017 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114010406/http://www.cnn.com/2017/11/13/entertainment/lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-amazon/index.html |archivedate=14 November 2017 }}</ref> The press release referred to "previously unexplored stories based on J.R.R. Tolkien's original writings". Amazon will be the producer in conjunction with the [[Tolkien Estate]] and [[The Tolkien Trust]], [[HarperCollins]] and [[New Line Television]].<ref>{{cite news|first=John|last=Koblin|title='Lord of the Rings' Series Coming to Amazon|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/13/arts/television/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|publisher=New York Times Company|location=New York City|date=13 November 2017|accessdate=7 April 2018}}</ref> According to a 2018 report, it will be the most expensive TV show ever produced.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://fortune.com/2018/04/06/lord-of-the-rings-amazon-most-expensive/|title=Amazon's 'Lord of the Rings' Will Be the Most Expensive Television Show Ever Made|work=Fortune|access-date=8 April 2018|language=en}}</ref> JD Payne and Patrick McKay will be the showrunners of the series, with [[Bryan Cogman]] to be executive producer and creative consultant for the show.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kotaku.com.au/2018/07/amazon-has-picked-star-trek-4-writing-duo-to-develop-itslord-of-the-rings-show/|title=Amazon Has Picked Star Trek 4 Writing Duo To Develop Its Lord Of The Rings Show|date=2018-07-30|website=Kotaku|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/2019/05/amazon-lord-of-the-rings-television-bryan-cogman-game-of-thrones-1202143633/|title=Amazon’s ‘Lord of the Rings’ TV Series Lands ‘Game of Thrones’ Writer-Producer as Consultant|date=2019-05-21|website=Indiewire|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-16}}</ref> On July 3 it was announced that [[J. A. Bayona]] will direct the first two episodes of the series, with Belén Atienza as executive producer.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/the-lord-of-the-rings-j-a-bayona-direct-amazon-series-juan-antonio-bayona-1202640048/|title=‘The Lord Of The Rings’: J.A. Bayona To Direct Amazon Series|date=2019-07-03|website=Deadline|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-j-a-bayona-1203258995/|title=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series at Amazon Enlists J.A. Bayona to Direct|date=2019-07-03|website=Variety|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-03}}</ref>On July 22 it was announced that actress  Markella Kavenagh is in discussions to play a character named Tyra.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-cast-markella-kavenagh-1203268175/|title=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series at Amazon Taps First Cast Member (EXCLUSIVE)|date=2019-07-22|website=Variety|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2019/07/22/lord-of-the-rings-prequel-amazon-casting-markella-kavenagh-kyra-character|title=Amazon's The Lord of The Rings Reportedly Casts Markella Kavenagh|date=2019-07-22|website=IGN|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-23}}</ref>On July 27 it was announced the production team. The team will be comprised from Rich Heinrichs as production designer, [[Jason Smith (visual effects)|Jason Smith]] as executive producer Kate Hawley as costume designer,Bryan Cogmanan and [[DB Weiss]] in consulting role,Bruce Richmond as executive producer, Justin Doble as writer and executive producer,[[Gennifer Hutchison]] as writer and executive producer,[[Jason Cahill]] as writer and executive producer, Lindsey Weber as writer and executive producer,Tolkien scholar [[Tom Shippey]], and illustrator/concept artist [[John Howe (illustrator)|John Howe]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hnentertainment.co/amazons-lord-of-the-rings-series-officially-adds-star-wars-the-last-jedi-production-designer-rick-heinrichs/
+[[Amazon Studios]] discussed development of a series based on ''The Lord of the Rings'' with [[Warner Bros. Television]] and the estate of J. R. R. Tolkien in late 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=‘Lord of the Rings’: Amazon, Warner Bros. in Talks for Series Adaptation |url=https://variety.com/2017/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-amazon-1202606519|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |access-date=November 5, 2017}}</ref> In November 2017, Amazon announced plans to develop a big-budget, multi-season television episodic prequel in a massive deal said to be close to $250 million.<ref name="amazontelevision">{{Cite news|url=http://deadline.com/2017/11/amazon-the-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-multi-season-commitment-1202207065/|title=Amazon Sets ‘The Lord of the Rings’ TV Series In Mega Deal With Multi-Season Commitment|date=November 13, 2017|accessdate=November 13, 2017|first=Nellie|last=Andreeva|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref> The series will not be a direct adaptation of the books, but will instead introduce new stories that are set before ''[[The Fellowship of the Ring]]''.<ref>{{cite web |first=Samuel|last=Axon|url=https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2017/11/amazon-will-run-a-multi-season-lord-of-the-rings-prequel-tv-series/ |title=Amazon will run a multi-season Lord of the Rings prequel TV series |publisher=[[Ars Technica]] |date=13 November 2017 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114012646/https://arstechnica.com/gaming/2017/11/amazon-will-run-a-multi-season-lord-of-the-rings-prequel-tv-series/ |archivedate=14 November 2017 }}</ref> Amazon said the deal included potential for spin-off series as well.<ref>{{cite web |first=Sandra|last=Gonzalez|url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/11/13/entertainment/lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-amazon/index.html|title=Amazon announces 'Lord of the Rings' TV show |publisher=[[CNN]] |date=13 November 2017 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114010406/http://www.cnn.com/2017/11/13/entertainment/lord-of-the-rings-tv-series-amazon/index.html |archivedate=14 November 2017 }}</ref> The press release referred to "previously unexplored stories based on J.R.R. Tolkien's original writings". Amazon will be the producer in conjunction with the [[Tolkien Estate]] and [[The Tolkien Trust]], [[HarperCollins]] and [[New Line Television]].<ref>{{cite news|first=John|last=Koblin|title='Lord of the Rings' Series Coming to Amazon|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/13/arts/television/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|publisher=New York Times Company|location=New York City|date=13 November 2017|accessdate=7 April 2018}}</ref> According to a 2018 report, it will be the most expensive TV show ever produced.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://fortune.com/2018/04/06/lord-of-the-rings-amazon-most-expensive/|title=Amazon's 'Lord of the Rings' Will Be the Most Expensive Television Show Ever Made|work=Fortune|access-date=8 April 2018|language=en}}</ref> JD Payne and Patrick McKay will be the showrunners of the series, with [[Bryan Cogman]] to be executive producer and creative consultant for the show.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kotaku.com.au/2018/07/amazon-has-picked-star-trek-4-writing-duo-to-develop-itslord-of-the-rings-show/|title=Amazon Has Picked Star Trek 4 Writing Duo To Develop Its Lord Of The Rings Show|date=2018-07-30|website=Kotaku|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-01}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiewire.com/2019/05/amazon-lord-of-the-rings-television-bryan-cogman-game-of-thrones-1202143633/|title=Amazon’s ‘Lord of the Rings’ TV Series Lands ‘Game of Thrones’ Writer-Producer as Consultant|date=2019-05-21|website=Indiewire|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-16}}</ref> On July 3 it was announced that [[J. A. Bayona]] will direct the first two episodes of the series, with Belén Atienza as executive producer.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2019/07/the-lord-of-the-rings-j-a-bayona-direct-amazon-series-juan-antonio-bayona-1202640048/|title=‘The Lord Of The Rings’: J.A. Bayona To Direct Amazon Series|date=2019-07-03|website=Deadline|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-03}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-j-a-bayona-1203258995/|title=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series at Amazon Enlists J.A. Bayona to Direct|date=2019-07-03|website=Variety|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-03}}</ref>On July 22 it was announced that actress  Markella Kavenagh is in discussions to play a character named Tyra.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/lord-of-the-rings-series-amazon-cast-markella-kavenagh-1203268175/|title=‘Lord of the Rings’ Series at Amazon Taps First Cast Member (EXCLUSIVE)|date=2019-07-22|website=Variety|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-22}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2019/07/22/lord-of-the-rings-prequel-amazon-casting-markella-kavenagh-kyra-character|title=Amazon's The Lord of The Rings Reportedly Casts Markella Kavenagh|date=2019-07-22|website=IGN|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-23}}</ref>On July 27 it was announced the production team. The team will be comprised from Rich Heinrichs as production designer, [[Jason Smith (visual effects)|Jason Smith]] as executive producer Kate Hawley as costume designer,Bryan Cogmanan and [[DB Weiss]] in consulting role,Bruce Richmond as executive producer, Justin Doble as writer and executive producer,[[Gennifer Hutchison]] as writer and executive producer, [[Jason Cahill]] as writer and executive producer, Lindsey Weber as writer and executive producer, Tolkien scholar [[Tom Shippey]], and illustrator/concept artist [[John Howe (illustrator)|John Howe]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hnentertainment.co/amazons-lord-of-the-rings-series-officially-adds-star-wars-the-last-jedi-production-designer-rick-heinrichs/
 |title=Amazon’s ‘Lord of The Rings’ Series Officially Adds ‘Star Wars: The Last Jedi’ Production Designer Rick Heinrichs|date=2019-07-27|website=HN ENTERTAINMENT|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.esquire.com/uk/latest-news/a28516511/game-of-thrones-showrunners-in-for-lord-of-the-rings-tv-series/
 |title='Game Of Thrones' Showrunners Are Reportedly In For 'Lord Of The Rings' TV Series|date=2019-07-27|website=esquire|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/amazon-prime-renews-carnival-row-the-expanse-teases-lotr|title=mazon Prime Video renews Carnival Row, The Expanse and teases more LoTR details|date=2019-07-27|website=SYFY WIRE|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/LOTRonPrime/status/1155142047420080129|title=''Meet our Fellowship''|date=2019-07-27|website=Twitter|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-28}}</ref>The show is expected to be released in 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://screenrant.com/lord-rings-tv-show-release-date-story-amazon/|title=What To Expect From Amazon's Lord of the Rings TV Show|date=2019-03-09|website=ScreenRant|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-01}}</ref>