ARM Cortex-A9: Difference between revisions
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{{Main article|Comparison of ARMv7-A cores}} |
{{Main article|Comparison of ARMv7-A cores}} |
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Key features of the Cortex-A9 core are:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://arm.com/products/processors/cortex-a/cortex-a9.php?tab=Specifications |title=Cortex-A9 Processor Specifications |publisher=ARM}}</ref> |
Key features of the Cortex-A9 core are:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://arm.com/products/processors/cortex-a/cortex-a9.php?tab=Specifications |title=Cortex-A9 Processor Specifications |publisher=ARM}}</ref> |
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* [[out-of-order execution|Out-of-order]] [[speculative execution|speculative issue]] [[ |
* [[out-of-order execution|Out-of-order]] [[speculative execution|speculative issue]] [[superscalar]] execution 8-stage<ref name="A9_Whitepaper"/> [[instruction pipeline|pipeline]] giving 2.50 [[Dhrystone|DMIPS]]/MHz/core. |
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* [[ARM NEON|NEON]] [[SIMD]] instruction set extension performing up to 16 operations per instruction (optional). |
* [[ARM NEON|NEON]] [[SIMD]] instruction set extension performing up to 16 operations per instruction (optional). |
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* High performance VFPv3 floating point unit doubling the performance of previous ARM FPUs (optional). |
* High performance VFPv3 floating point unit doubling the performance of previous ARM FPUs (optional). |
Revision as of 14:31, 3 October 2019
General information | |
---|---|
Designed by | ARM Holdings |
Performance | |
Max. CPU clock rate | 0.8 GHz to 2 GHz |
Cache | |
L1 cache | 32 KB I, 32 KB D |
L2 cache | 128 KB–8 MB (configurable with L2 cache controller) |
Architecture and classification | |
Microarchitecture | ARMv7-A |
Physical specifications | |
Cores |
|
The ARM Cortex-A9 MPCore is a 32-bit processor core licensed by ARM Holdings implementing the ARMv7-A architecture. It is a multicore processor providing up to 4 cache-coherent cores.[1]
Overview
Key features of the Cortex-A9 core are:[2]
- Out-of-order speculative issue superscalar execution 8-stage[3] pipeline giving 2.50 DMIPS/MHz/core.
- NEON SIMD instruction set extension performing up to 16 operations per instruction (optional).
- High performance VFPv3 floating point unit doubling the performance of previous ARM FPUs (optional).
- Thumb-2 instruction set encoding reduces the size of programs with little impact on performance.
- TrustZone security extensions.
- Jazelle DBX support for Java execution.
- Jazelle RCT for JIT compilation.
- Program Trace Macrocell and CoreSight Design Kit for non-intrusive tracing of instruction execution.
- L2 cache controller (0–4 MB).
- Multi-core processing.
ARM states that the TSMC 40G hard macro implementation typically operating at 2 GHz; a single core (excluding caches) occupies less than 1.5 mm2 when designed in a TSMC 65 nanometer (nm) generic process[4] and can be clocked at speeds over 1 GHz, consuming less than 250 mW per core.[5]
Chips
![]() | This section may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience.(July 2017) |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/LG_E455_Optimus_L5_II_Dual_-_Mediatek_MT6575A-3157.jpg/220px-LG_E455_Optimus_L5_II_Dual_-_Mediatek_MT6575A-3157.jpg)
Several system on a chip (SoC) devices implement the Cortex-A9 core, including:
- Altera SoC FPGA[6]
- AMLogic AML8726-M[7]
- Apple A5, A5X
- Broadcom BCM11311 (Persona ICE)[8]
- Calxeda EnergyCore ECX-1000[9]
- Entropic EN7588[10]
- NXP Semiconductors (Formerly Freescale) QorIQ Layerscape LS1024A [11]
- Freescale Semiconductor i.MX6[12]
- HiSilicon[13] K3V2 -Hi3620[14]
- Marvell Avastar 88W8787, used in the Sony PlayStation Vita[15][16]
- MediaTek MT6575[17] (single core), MT6577[18] (dual core)
- Mindspeed Technologies Mindspeed Comcerto 2000[19][20][21]
- Nufront NuSmart 2816, 2816M, 115[22]
- Nvidia Tegra 2 (without NEON extensions), Tegra 3 and Tegra 4i
- Trident Microsystems 847x/8x/9x SoC family[23]
- Renesas Electronics RZ/A1H,M,L,LU Family
- Samsung Exynos 4210,[24] 4212, 4412, 4415
- Rockchip RK3066,[25] RK292x, RK31xx
- STMicroelectronics SPEAr1310,[26] SPEAr1340[27]
- ST-Ericsson Nova A9500, NovaThor U8500,[28] NovaThor U9500[29]
- Texas Instruments OMAP4 processors
- Texas Instruments Sitara AM437x[30]
- WonderMedia WM8850, WM8950 and WM8980[31]
- Xilinx Extensible Processing Platform[32]
- ZiiLABS ZMS-20[33]
Systems on a chip
![]() |
Developer | Name | Cores | Process | NEON SIMD | Vector floating point unit | GPU |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Altera | SoC FPGA | 1–2 | 28 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | optionally implemented in FPGA; TES Electronic Solutions D/AVE HD |
AMLogic | AML8726-M | 1 | 65 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400 |
AMLogic | AML8726-MX | 2 | 40 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400 MP2 |
AMLogic | AML8726-M8 | 4 | 28 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-450 MP6 |
Apple Inc. | A5 | 2 | 32 nm 45 nm |
Yes | VFPv3 | PowerVR SGX543MP2 |
Apple Inc. | A5X | 2 | 45 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | PowerVR SGX543MP4 |
Broadcom | BCM11311 (Persona ICE) | 2 | 40 nm | ? | ? | Broadcom Videocore IV |
Broadcom | BCM21654 | 1 | 40 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | Broadcom Videocore IV |
Broadcom | BCM21664T | 2 | 40 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | Broadcom Videocore IV |
Calxeda | EnergyCore ECX-1000[9] | 4 | 40 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | – |
ELVEES Multicore | 1892VM14Ya | 2 | 40 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-300 |
Freescale Semiconductor | i.MX6[34] | 1-4 | 40 nm | Yes | VFPv3-D32 | Vivante Corporation GPU IP cores[35] |
HiSilicon | K3V2 (Hi3620) | 4 | 40 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | Vivante GC4000 |
LG Corp | LG L9 | 2 | ? | ? | ? | ARM Mali-400 MP4 |
Marvell | ARMADA 38x | 1-2 | 28 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | - |
Marvell | PXA986 | 2 | 45 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | PowerVR SGX540 / Vivante GC1000 (Galaxy Tab 3 7-inch) |
Marvell | PXA988 | 2 | 45 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | Vivante GC1000 |
MediaTek | MT6575 | 1 | 40 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | PowerVR SGX531[17] |
MediaTek | MT6577 | 2 | 40 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | PowerVR SGX531[18] |
Mindspeed Technologies | Comcerto 2000 | 2 | ? | Yes | ? | – |
Nufront | NuSmartTM 2816(NS2816) | 2 | ? | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400[36] |
Nufront | NuSmartTM 2816M (NS2816M) | 2 | ? | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400 |
Nufront | NuSmartTM 115 (NS115) | 2 | ? | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400 |
Nvidia | Tegra 2 series | 2 | 40 nm | No | VFPv3-D16 | GeForce ULP |
Nvidia | Tegra 3 (Kal-El) series | 4 | 40 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | GeForce ULP |
Renesas Electronics | [1] | ? | ? | ? | ? | – |
Renesas Electronics | RZ/A1H[37] | 1 | various | Yes | VFPv3 |
WXGA 2D graphics 10MByte RAM SoC |
Renesas Electronics | RZ/A1M[38] | 1 | various | Yes | VFPv3 |
WXGA 2D graphics 5MByte RAM SoC |
Renesas Electronics | RZ/A1L[39] | 1 | various | Yes | VFPv3 |
WXGA 2D graphics 3MByte RAM SoC |
Renesas Electronics | RZ/A1LU[40] | 1 | various | Yes | VFPv3 |
RZ/A1L plus Ethernet AVB support and a JPEG codec unit, 3MByte RAM SoC |
Rockchip | RK2928 | 1 | 40 nm | ? | ? | ARM Mali-400 |
Rockchip | RK3066[25] | 2 | 40 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400 MP4 |
Rockchip | RK3128 | 2 | ? | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400 MP4 |
Rockchip | RK3188[41] | 4 | 28 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400 MP4 |
Samsung | Exynos 4 Dual (4210) | 2 | 45 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400 MP4 |
Samsung | Exynos 4 Dual (4212) | 2 | 32 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400 MP4 |
Samsung | Exynos 4 Quad (4412) | 4 | 32 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400 MP4 |
Samsung | Exynos 4 Quad (4415) | 4 | 28 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400 MP4 |
STMicroelectronics | SPEAr1310 | ? | ? | No | VFPv3 | – |
STMicroelectronics | SPEAr1340 | 2 | ? | No | VFPv3-D16 | ARM Mali-200[42] |
ST-Ericsson | Nova A9500 | 2 | 45 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400 |
ST-Ericsson | NovaThor U8500 | 2 | 45 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400 |
ST-Ericsson | NovaThor U9500 | 2 | 45 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | ARM Mali-400 |
Sony | PlayStation Vita | 4 | 40 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | PowerVR SGX543MP4+ |
Texas Instruments | Sitara AM437x | 1 | 45 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | SGX530 Graphics Engine |
Texas Instruments | OMAP4430 OMAP4460 |
2 | 45 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | PowerVR SGX540 |
Texas Instruments | OMAP4470 | 2 | 45 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | PowerVR SGX544 |
Trident Microsystems | PNX8473[43] | 1 | ? | ? | ? | PowerVR SGX531 |
Trident Microsystems | PNX8483[44] | 1 | ? | ? | ? | PowerVR SGX531 |
Trident Microsystems | PNX8491[45] | 1 | ? | ? | ? | PowerVR SGX531 |
WonderMedia | WM8850 | 1 | ? | Yes | ? | ARM Mali-400 |
WonderMedia | WM8880 | 2 | 40 nm | ? | ? | ARM Mali-400 MP2 |
WonderMedia | WM8950 | 1 | ? | ? | ? | ARM Mali-400[31] |
WonderMedia | WM8980 | 2 | 40 nm | ? | ? | ARM Mali-400 MP2 |
Xilinx | Zynq-7000[46] | 2 | 28 nm | Yes | VFPv3 | – |
ZiiLABS | ZMS-20 | ? | ? | Yes | VFPv3 | ZiiLABS flexible Stemcell media processing |
Development platforms
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Developer | Name | SoC | RAM | Flash | SD | SATA | USB | Ethernet | Wi-Fi | Bluetooth | Other | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MYIR | MYD-AM437X | Texas Instruments Sitara AM437x | 512MB DDR3 | 4GB eMMC | SD Card | 4 x USB2.0 Host +1 x USB 2.0 Device | 2 x 10/100/1000M-bit Ethernet | 2 x Camera, HDMI, LCD/TSP | ||||
MYIR | MYD-C7Z010/20 | Xilinx XC7Z010/20 | 1GB DDR3 | 4GB eMMC | SD Card | 4 x USB2.0 Host | 10/100/1000M-bit Ethernet | |||||
MYIR | MYD-Y7Z010/007S | Xilinx XC7Z010/007S | 512MB DDR3 | 4GB eMMC | SD Card | USB2.0 Host | 3 x 10/100/1000M-bit Ethernet | 3 x PMoD, 1 x FMC,1 xSFP | ||||
Boardcon | EM4418 | Samsung S5P4418 | 1GB DDR3 | 4GB eMMC | 1 SD/MMC | 2x USB 2.0 Host + 1x USB 2.0 OTG | 10/100/1000M-bit Ethernet MAC(RTL8211E-VB-CG) | 802.11b/g/n | BT4.0 | GPS,3G | ||
Boardcon | EM3188[47] | Rockchip RK3188 | 1GB DDR3 | 4GB eMMC | 1 Micro SD/MMC | 2x USB 2.0 Host + 1x USB 2.0 OTG | 10/100M | 802.11b/g/n | BT4.0 | CAN, RS485, HDMI, 2x UART, PCI-E, LVDS, Camera, 2x TTL_LCD | ||
Boardcon | EM4412[48] | Samsung Exynos 4412 | 2GB DDR3 | 4GB eMMC | 1 Micro SD/MMC | 2x USB 2.0 Host + 1x USB 2.0 OTG | 10/100M | 802.11b/g/n | RS485, RS232, CAN, Ethernet, HDMI, HSIC, MIPI-CSI, HS-SPI,Camera, LCD, Keypad | |||
FriendlyARM | NanoPi-2[49] | Samsung S5P4418 | 32bit 1GB DDR3 | 8GB on PC-T2 | 2 microSD ports | 2.0 USB port/s | RTL8211E on NanoPi-2 Fire, M2, PC-T2. | 802.11b/g/n | BT 4.0 Dual mode | 40 RaspberryPi compatible GPIO pins, UART, very small size and cost. | ||
Origenboard | Origenboard[53] | Samsung Exynos 4210 | 1 GiB DDR3 | 2 port SD/MMC | embedded | SWB-A31 | SWB-A31 | |||||
Odroid | Odroid-X[54] | Samsung Exynos 4412 | 2 GiB LPDDR2-800 | SDHC + eMMC module socket (non-standard) | 6×USB 2.0 host + micro-USB 2.0 device | 10/100 Mbit/s | ||||||
Odroid | Odroid-U3[55] | Samsung Exynos 4412 | 2 GB | eMMC module socket (non-standard), microSD | 3×USB 2.0 host + micro-USB 2.0 device/host | 10/100 Mbit/s | Hardkernel has other product variants using the 4412. USB supports external Notebook harddrive with no external power. Preloaded emmc with Android and LUbuntu available.[56] | |||||
PandaBoard | PandaBoard | TI OMAP4430[57] | 1 GiB LPDDR2 | SD/MMC | LAN9514-JZX | LAN9514-JZX | LS240-WI-01-A20 | LS240-WI-01-A20 | ||||
Calao systems | Snowball[58] | ST-Ericsson Nova A9500[59] | 1 GiB LPDDR2 | 4/8 GB eMMC | microSD | FT232R | LAN9221 | AW-NH580 | AW-NH580 | GPS, accelerometer, magnetometer, gyroscope, barometer | ||
Trim-Slice | Trim-Slice[60] | Tegra 2 series | 1 GiB DDR2-667 | SDHC + microSDHC | GL830 | embedded | RTL8111DL | RT3070 | ||||
Radxa | Radxa Rock[61] | Rockchip RK3188 | 2 GiB DDR3-800 | 8 GB | microSDXC | 2×USB 2.0 host + micro-USB 2.0 device | 10/100 Mbit/s | 150 Mbit/s 802.11b/g/n | Bluetooth 4.0 | |||
TOPIC | Miami/Florida[62] | Xilinx xc7z030 | 1 GiB DDR3L | 256Mb NOR 1Gb NAND | microSD | 2x (FPGA) | USB 2.0 OTG | 10/100/1000 Mbit/s | 802.11b/g/n | Single chip CPU/FPGA module. HDMI-in/out, PMOD, 4x serial. |
See also
- ARM architecture
- List of ARM cores
- List of applications of ARM cores
- Comparison of ARMv8-A cores
- JTAG
References
- ^ "ARM Cortex-A9 MPCore". Arm.com. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
- ^ "Cortex-A9 Processor Specifications". ARM.
- ^ "White paper: The ARM Cortex-A9 Processors" (PDF). ARM. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 November 2014.
- ^ "Cortex-A9 Single Core Processor". Arm.com. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
- ^ "ARM spins multicore-enabled Cortex core - News - Linux for Devices". Archived from the original on 6 September 2012. Retrieved 7 January 2010.
- ^ SoC FPGA overview, Altera
- ^ IbhMobile Internet Devices, Amlogic, archived from the original on 4 May 2014
- ^ "BCM11311 - Persona ICE Application Processor". Broadcom.
- ^ a b "EnergyCore™ ECX-1000: Technical Specifications". Calxeda. Archived from the original on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 8 May 2012.
- ^ "High Performance, Dual-Core IP Set-top Box SoC". Entropic.
- ^ QorIQ® Layerscape 1024A Dual-Core Communications Processor, NXP Semiconductors
- ^ "Introducing the i.MX 6 Series". Freescale Semiconductor.
- ^ http://www.hisilicon.com
- ^ "HiSilicon Unveils Quad-Core Cortex A9 K3V2 Processor (Hi3620)".
- ^ Johnny Cullen (24 January 2011). "Sony outs tech specs for NGP". VG247. Retrieved 25 January 2011.
- ^ "Sony Playstation Vita Teardown & Product Analysis". TechInsights. Archived from the original on 18 August 2013. Retrieved 15 October 2013.
- ^ a b "MediaTek - MT6575". MediaTek. Archived from the original on 15 January 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
- ^ a b "MediaTek - MT6577". MediaTek. Archived from the original on 13 January 2013. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
- ^ Roy Rubenstein (9 October 2012). "An ARM based programmable processor is set to enable new communications products".
- ^ Kevin Trosian (8 January 2013). "Mindspeed to Showcase the Industry's First ARM Cortex A9-based Communications Processor with Integrated DPI at 2013 CES".
- ^ "MACOM to Showcase Newly Acquired Mindspeed Comcerto 2000 System-on-Chip (SoC) Processors at the 2014 International CES". 7 January 2014.
- ^ "Computer System Chip". Nufront. Archived from the original on 30 August 2011. Retrieved 26 September 2011.
- ^ NXP to show the first fully integrated 45nm set top box soc based on ARM cortex - A9 processors
- ^ "Exynos 4210". samsung.com. 20 January 2012. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
- ^ a b RK3066 Dual-Core Era is coming
- ^ SPEAr1310 Dual-core Cortex A9 embedded MPU for communications
- ^ SPEAr1340 Dual-core Cortex A9 embedded MPU for communications, archived from the original on 2 May 2012, retrieved 3 March 2012
- ^ ST-Ericsson NovaThor U8500, ST-Ericsson, archived from the original on 22 July 2013, retrieved 19 February 2011
- ^ ST-Ericsson NovaThor U9500, ST-Ericsson, archived from the original on 2 October 2011, retrieved 25 September 2011
- ^ "AM437x Sitara Processors".
- ^ a b "WonderMedia Announces PRIZM WM8950 with Android 4.0 Support". 19 May 2013. Archived from the original on 15 August 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2013.
- ^ White Paper: Extensible Processing Platform (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 2 September 2011, retrieved 25 September 2011
- ^ ZiiLABS ZMS-20 Dual ARM Cortex A9 Media Processor, archived from the original on 25 September 2011, retrieved 26 September 2011
- ^ Introducing the i.MX 6 Series of Applications Processors (PDF)
- ^ Vivante GPU IP Cores Power the Latest Freescale i.MX 6 Series of Application Processors, archived from the original on 20 November 2011, retrieved 25 September 2011
- ^ Nufront 2GHz ARM Cortex-A9 for Desktop, Laptop and Netbook – NuSmart 2816
- ^ RZ A1H Home
- ^ RZ A1M Home
- ^ RZ A1L Home
- ^ RZ A1L, Home
- ^ http://www.gizmochina.com/2012/12/05/review-of-rockchip-rk3166-quad-core-chipset/
- ^ SPEAr family of embedded microprocessors (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on 28 June 2011, retrieved 25 September 2011
- ^ PNX8473
- ^ PNX8483
- ^ Samsung Galaxy A9 sale in India today: Price in India, offers and features (2018)Template:Date=Nov 2018
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 7 April 2012. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "EM3188 SBC". Boardcon Embedded Design. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
- ^ "EM4412 SBC". Boardcon Embedded Design. Retrieved 9 April 2018.
- ^ NanoPi-2 wiki
- ^ NanoPi-2 Fire wiki
- ^ NanoPi M2 wiki
- ^ NanoPC-T2 wiki
- ^ OriginBoard Documents
- ^ Open Exynos4 Quad Mobile Development Platform, archived from the original on 8 September 2012, retrieved 11 September 2012
- ^ Odroid U3 Platform
- ^ Odroid Store
- ^ OMAP 4 Platform: OMAP4430/OMAP4460
- ^ Snowball technical documentation, archived from the original on 15 July 2011
- ^ Changing the game: ST-Ericsson Unveils NovaThor Family of Smartphone Platforms Combining its Most Advanced Application Processors with the Latest Generation of Modems, archived from the original on 2 October 2011, retrieved 25 September 2011
- ^ Trim-Slice Models, archived from the original on 29 October 2013, retrieved 25 September 2011
- ^ Radxa Rock specification, archived from the original on 4 January 2014, retrieved 4 January 2014
- ^ Topic Embedded Products Boards
External links
- ARM Holdings
- Other
- White paper - The ARM Cortex-A9 Processors
- RISC vs. CISC in the mobile era
- TI OMAP4440 specs
- STMicroelectronics SPEAr1310 Data brief
- RM Cortex-A9
- Popular ARM Cortex-A9 MPCore & Multi-core processor videos, YouTube.
- ARM Assembly language