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2023 Argentine general election

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2023 Argentine general election
Presidential election
← 2019
  • 22 October 2023 (first round)
  • 19 November 2023 (second round)
 2027 →
Opinion polls
Registered35,410,080
Turnout77.65% (Decrease 2.76 pp)
 
Nominee Sergio Massa Javier Milei
Party FR PL
Alliance UP LLA
Running mate Agustín Rossi Victoria Villarruel
Results of the first round by province and department
President before election

Alberto Fernández
UP–PJ

Elected President

TBD

Legislative election
← 2021 22 October 2023 2025 →
130 of 257 seats in the Chamber of Deputies
24 of 72 seats in the Senate
Party Leader % Seats +/–
Chamber of Deputies
UP Germán Martínez 38.54 58 −10
LLA Javier Milei 26.51 35 +35
JxC Mario Negri 26.60 31 −25
Hacemos Juan Schiaretti 3.99 4 0
FIT – Unidad Nicolas del Caño 3.31 1 +1
Por Santa Cruz Claudio Vidal 0.23 1 0
Senate
UP José Mayans 43.66 12 +2
LLA Javier Milei 25.93 8 +8
JxC Alfredo Cornejo 25.62 2 −9
Por Santa Cruz Claudio Vidal 0.50 2 +1
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Number of deputies at stake by province (left) and provinces that will elect senators (right).
Politics of Argentina
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flag Argentina portal

General elections were held in Argentina on 22 October 2023 to elect the president, vice president, members of the national congress, and the governors of most provinces. A run-off election to elect the president and vice president will take place on 19 November 2023.[1] Incumbent president Alberto Fernández and incumbent vice president and former president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, despite both being eligible for a second, consecutive term, will not seek re-election.[2][3]

Advancing to the 19 November run-off, Sergio Massa of the ruling Union for the Homeland unexpectedly came in first place, winning 36% of the vote, against Javier Milei of the Liberty Advances, who came in second place, with 30% of the vote. Massa's upset victory in the first round was seen as a surprise because of the severe inflation that took place during Massa's tenure as Minister of Economy, as well as Milei's lead in polls up to that point.[4]

Background

Main article: Presidency of Alberto Fernández

In the 2019 general election, the Peronist, left-wing Frente de Todos ticket of Alberto Fernández, former Cabinet Chief, and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, National Senator and former president, defeated the center-right Juntos por el Cambio ticket of incumbent president Mauricio Macri and conservative Peronist National Senator Miguel Ángel Pichetto, exceeding the threshold to win the presidency in a single round. Macri became the first incumbent president in Argentine history to be defeated for reelection.[5]

The first two years of the Fernández presidency were limited by the COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina, during which he imposed strict lockdown measures in an attempt to suppress the spread of the disease,[6] and a debt crisis inherited from his predecessor.[7] While the economy did recover in 2021–22,[8] inflation rose to 100% (the highest since 1991).[9] His approval ratings have been constantly low throughout his presidency, only on a few certain occasions has his approval rating been over 50%, with disapproval ratings from 60% to 80%.[10][11] According to British newspaper The Economist, Fernández is considered "a president without a plan", and his presidency to be a "weak administration",[12][13] alluding to his lack of independent decision-making. Instead, his decisions are under heavy influence of Vice President and former President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, also leader of the coalition, whom Fernández himself described as a "permanent source of consultation."[14] The 2021 midterm elections resulted in heavy losses for the Frente de Todos, which lost its majority in both houses of Congress. Observers attributed the loss to widespread anger over high inflation and rising poverty.[15][16][17][18]

In April 2023, Fernández announced that he had decided to not seek reelection to the presidency in the 2023 general election.[2] Others who refused to run were incumbent vice president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (who served as president between 2007 and 2015),[3] and former president Mauricio Macri, who succeeded Fernández de Kirchner and preceded Fernández.[19] Controversial constitutional amendments in Jujuy – a province governed by Gerardo Morales, who ran as a precandidate for vice president alongside Horacio Rodriguez Larreta– led to protests beginning in June where demonstrators stormed the Jujuy legislature.[20][21]

The 2023 election was held amid a severe economic crisis.[22]

Debates

2023 Argentine general election
Date Time Organizers  P  Present    I  Invitee  N  Non-invitee 
RF LA JC HP WLF Refs
2 October maybe? ??? Televisión Pública P
Sergio Massa 		P
Javier Milei 		P
Patricia Bullrich 		P
Juan Schiaretti 		P
Myriam Bregman 		[23]

Electoral system

President

The election of the president will be conducted under the ballotage system, a modified version of the two-round system. A candidate can win the presidency in a single round by either winning over 45% of the vote, or if they win 40% of the vote while finishing more than 10 percentage points ahead of the second-place candidate. If no candidate meets either threshold, a runoff takes place between the top two candidates.[24] Voting is compulsory for citizens between 18 and 70 years old.[25] Suffrage is also extended to 16- and 17-year-olds, though without compulsory voting.[26]

Congress

Chamber of Deputies

The 257 members of the Chamber of Deputies are elected by proportional representation in 24 multi-member constituencies based on the provinces (plus the City of Buenos Aires). Seats are allocated using the d'Hondt method with a 3% electoral threshold.[27] In this election, 130 of the 257 seats are up for renewal for a four-year term.[28]

Province Total
seats 		Seats
at stake
Buenos Aires 70 35
Buenos Aires City 25 12
Catamarca 5 2
Chaco 7 3
Chubut 5 3
Córdoba 18 9
Corrientes 7 4
Entre Ríos 9 4
Formosa 5 3
Jujuy 6 3
La Pampa 5 2
La Rioja 5 3
Mendoza 10 5
Misiones 7 4
Neuquén 5 2
Río Negro 5 3
Salta 7 4
San Juan 6 3
San Luis 5 2
Santa Cruz 5 2
Santa Fe 19 10
Santiago del Estero 7 4
Tierra del Fuego 5 3
Tucumán 9 5
Total 257 130

Senate

The 72 members of the Senate are elected in the same 24 constituencies, with three seats in each. The party receiving the most votes in each constituency wins two seats, with the third seat awarded to the second-placed party. The 2023 elections will see one-third of Senators renewed, with eight provinces electing three Senators for a 6-year term; Buenos Aires, Formosa, Jujuy, La Rioja, Misiones, San Juan, San Luis, and Santa Cruz.[29]


Presidential candidates

Main article: 2023 Argentine primary elections

The following candidates participated in the Open, Simultaneous and Mandatory Primaries (PASO), which were held on 13 August 2023. The primaries determined the candidates of each coalition. Coalitions who received less than 1.5% of the votes will not be able to participate in the general election on 22 October.[30]

Advanced to runoff election

Name
Birth date and place 		Prior experience Party Vice President Coalition Ref
Sergio Massa
b. 1972 		Minister of Economy (2022–present)
See more
Renewal Front 		Cabinet Chief
Agustín Rossi
(PJ)
Union for the Homeland
Member parties
 [31]
Javier Milei
b. 1970
(age 53)
Buenos Aires
 National Deputy from the City of Buenos Aires (2021–present)
Libertarian Party 		National Deputy
Victoria Villarruel
(PD)
Liberty Advances
Member parties
 [32][33]

Defeated in the first round

Name
Birth date and place 		Prior experience Party Vice President Coalition Ref
Patricia Bullrich
b. 1956
(age 68)
Buenos Aires
 Minister of Security (2015–2019)
See more
Republican Proposal 		Former
National Deputy
Luis Petri
(UCR)
Together for Change
Member parties
 [34]
Juan Schiaretti
b. 1949 		Governor of Córdoba Province (2007–2011; 2015–present)
Justicialist Party 		National Deputy
Florencio Randazzo
(HACER)
We Do for Our Country
Member parties
 [35]
Myriam Bregman
b. 1972 		National Deputy from Buenos Aires Province (2015–2016) and the City of Buenos Aires (2021–present)
See more
Socialist Workers' Party 		National Deputy
Nicolás del Caño
(PTS)
Workers' Left Front – Unity
Member parties
 [36]

Defeated in a winning coalition in the primary elections

Name
Birth date and place 		Prior experience Party Vice President Coalition Ref
Juan Grabois
b. 1983 		Leader of the Patria Grande Front
Patria Grande Front 		Doctor
Paula Abal Medina
(FPG)
Union for the Homeland
Member parties
 [37]
Horacio Rodríguez Larreta
b. 1965
(age 58)
Buenos Aires
 Mayor of Buenos Aires (2015–present)
See more
  • Chief of the Cabinet of Ministers of Buenos Aires (2007–2015)
Republican Proposal 		Governor of Jujuy
Gerardo Morales
(UCR)
Together for Change
Member parties
 [38]
Gabriel Solano
b. 1974
(age 50)
Buenos Aires
 Legislator of Buenos Aires City (2017–2020; 2021–present)
See more
Workers' Party 		Former Legislator of Buenos Aires City
Vilma Ripoll
(MST)
Workers' Left Front – Unity

Member parties
 [39]

Defeated in the primary elections

Name
Birth date and place 		Prior experience Party Vice President Coalition Ref
Guillermo Moreno
b. 1955
(age 68)
Buenos Aires
 Secretary of Domestic Trade (2006–2013)
See more
Principles and Values Party 		Secretary General of APOPS
Leonardo Fabre
(PyV)
Principles and Values
Member parties
  • People's Party
  • Principles and Values
 [40]
Paula Arias –
Labour Party 		Walter Vera
(PL) 		[41]
Carina Bartolini –
Justicialist Party 		Mabel Gómez
(PJ) 		[41]
Eliodoro Martínez Leader of the CABA wing of the Action for the Republic
Action for the Republic 		Vicente Souto
(APLR) 		[41]
Jorge Oliver Journalist and political analist Three Flags group Ezequiel San Martín
(Three Flags) 		[41]
Manuela Castañeira
b. 1984 		Sociologist
New MAS 		Teacher
Lucas Ruiz
(New MAS)
New MAS 		[42]
Jesús Escobar
b. 1971 		Provincial Legislator of Neuquén (2003–2007; 2011–2019)
Freemen of the South 		Former Santiago del Estero City councilwoman
Marianella Lezama Hid
(Freemen of the South)
Freemen of the South Movement 		[43]
Marcelo Ramal
b. 1954
(age 69)
Buenos Aires
 Legislator of Buenos Aires City (2013–2015; 2015–2017)
Workers' Policy 		Teacher
Patricia Urones
(PO)
Workers' Policy 		[44]
Nazareno Etchepare Lawyer Demos Bachelor
Fernando Lorenzo
(DEMOS) 		Liber.AR
Member parties
  • Unite for Liberty and Dignity
  • Liber.AR
 [45]
Ramiro Vasena Political leader Reconquest Group Political leader
Víctor Aníbal Lagonegro
(Reconquest) 		[46]
Raúl Castells
b. 1953 		Leader of the MIJD
MIJD 		Social activist
Adriana Reinoso
(MIJD)
MIJD 		[30]
Santiago Cúneo [es]
b. 1970
(age 53)
Buenos Aires
 Journalist and businessman Falklands War veteran
Gustavo Barranco
(MIJD) 		[30]
Mempo Giardinelli
b. 1947 		Writer, journalist and professor Peace, Democracy and Sovereignty Teacher
Bárbara Solemou
(PDyS) 		Youth Project
Member parties
  • Humanist Party
  • Youth Project Party
  • National Liberation Movement
  • Popular Consensus
  • United for the South
  • The Argentine Manifesto
 [30]
Reina Ibáñez Sex worker TODEX Gonzalo Ibarra
(TODEX) 		[47]
Martín Ayerbe President of the Argentine Naval Forum Hipólito Bouchard
United Homeland 		Hugo Rodríguez
(United Homeland) 		[48]
César Biondini Lawyer
File:Frente patriota federal logo.png
Patriot Front 		Teacher
Mariel Avendaño
(FP)
File:Frente patriota federal logo.png
Patriot Front 		[30]
Raúl Albarracín Provincial Legislator of Córdoba (2007-2011) Neighbourhood Action Movement Lawyer
Sergio Pastore
(MAV) 		Neighbourhood Action Movement [49]
Andrés Passamonti Leader of the UCEDE (Buenos Aires)
Union of the Democratic Centre 		Public accountant
Pamela Fernández
(UCEDE)
Union of the Democratic Centre 		[50]

Opinion polls

Main article: Opinion polling for the 2023 Argentine general election

Presidential election

Results

Ballots used for the October 22 general election.

Primary elections

Main article: 2023 Argentine primary elections

President

CandidateRunning matePartyFirst roundSecond round
Votes%Votes%
Sergio MassaAgustín RossiUnion for the Homeland9,645,98336.690–
Javier MileiVictoria VillarruelLa Libertad Avanza7,884,33629.990–
Patricia BullrichLuis PetriJuntos por el Cambio6,267,15223.84
Juan SchiarettiFlorencio RandazzoHacemos por Nuestro País1,784,3156.79
Myriam BregmanNicolás del CañoWorkers' Left Front709,9322.70
Total26,291,718100.000–
Valid votes26,291,71897.01
Invalid votes254,7960.94
Blank votes554,1612.04
Total votes27,100,675100.00
Registered voters/turnout35,410,08076.53
Source: DNE (98.51 % counted)

Chamber of Deputies

Party or allianceVotes%Seats
Union for the HomelandUnion for the Homeland8,069,37434.1948
Civic Front for Santiago369,0951.564
Más para Entre Ríos287,1231.222
Front for the Renewal of Concord249,5271.063
Unión por San Luis81,7340.351
Renewal Front37,4320.160
Total9,094,28538.5358
Juntos por el CambioJuntos por el Cambio5,411,55622.9327
Frente Cambia Mendoza [es]283,4111.201
Juntos por Entre Ríos264,3811.121
ECO [es]–Vamos Corrientes220,1050.931
Frente Cambia Jujuy [es]94,7060.401
Cambia Santa Cruz17,7200.080
Total6,291,87926.6631
La Libertad AvanzaLa Libertad Avanza5,239,90322.2028
Ahora Patria292,0791.242
Republican Force282,2541.201
Federal Renewal Party151,2090.641
Arriba Neuquén134,6930.571
Faith Party125,3670.531
Republicanos Unidos [es]30,2700.131
Total6,255,77526.5035
Hacemos por Nuestro PaísHacemos por Nuestro País683,6862.903
La Fuerza de Santa Fe183,3930.781
Partido Autonomista [es]39,2770.170
Christian Democratic Party17,3860.070
Unity and Liberty Party16,1760.070
Total939,9183.984
Workers' Left Front781,1453.311
Together We Are Río Negro59,0440.250
Por Santa Cruz53,1810.231
Freemen of the South Movement41,3330.180
Neuquén People's Movement29,2740.120
Partido Agrario y Social26,2350.110
Salta Independiente21,3580.090
Somos Fueguinos9,6390.040
Total23,603,066100.00130
Valid votes23,603,06689.53
Invalid votes243,9930.93
Blank votes2,516,3049.54
Total votes26,363,363100.00
Registered voters/turnout34,898,21275.54
Source: DNE

Senate

Party or allianceVotes%Seats
Union for the HomelandUnion for the Homeland4,619,39440.739
Front for the Renewal of Concord250,4542.212
Unión por San Luis81,5420.721
Total4,951,39043.6512
La Libertad AvanzaLa Libertad Avanza2,789,62424.596
Federal Renewal Party151,6651.342
Total2,941,28925.938
Juntos por el CambioJuntos por el Cambio2,791,07124.612
Frente Cambia Jujuy [es]95,9230.850
Cambia Santa Cruz17,9320.160
Total2,904,92625.612
Workers' Left Front429,2693.780
Por Santa Cruz56,1880.502
Hacemos por Nuestro PaísChristian Democratic Party17,4360.150
Unity and Liberty Party16,2760.140
Total33,7120.300
Partido Agrario y Social25,5500.230
Total11,342,324100.0024
Valid votes11,342,32487.88
Invalid votes98,5160.76
Blank votes1,466,05511.36
Total votes12,906,895100.00
Registered voters/turnout16,486,27578.29
Source: DNE

References

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