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Jhalawar

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This article is about the municipality in Rajasthan, India. For its namesake district, see Jhalawar district.
Jhalawar city (Rajasthan)
झालावाड़
city
Country India
StateRajasthan
DistrictJhalawar
Named forKing Jhala Zalim Singh
Elevation
312 m (1,024 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total66,919
Languages
 • OfficialHindi
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
Vehicle registrationRJ17
Websitewww.jhalawar.rajasthan.gov.in

Jhalawar is a city in southeastern Rajasthan. It was the capital of the former princely state of Jhalawar, and is the administrative headquarters of Jhalawar District. Jhalawar was once known as Brijnagar [citation needed].

History

The city of Jhalawar was founded by a Rajput Jhala Zalim Singh,[1] who was the then Dewan of Kota State (1791 A.D.). He established this township, then known as Chaoni Umedpura, as a cantonment. The township was at the time surrounded by dense forests and wildlife.

Jhala Zalim Singh often came here for hunting and he liked the place so much that he wanted to develop it as a township. The objective to develop this place as a military cantonment was due to the fact that Maratha invaders passed through this central place from Malwa towards Kota to capture Hadoti states.

Jhala Zalim Singh recognized the importance of this place and started to develop it as a military cantonment and township, so that he could use this place to attack and stop Maratha invaders before they can reach to Kota State. Chaoni Umedpura got developed as a cantonment and township around 1803-04 A.D. Colonel Todd, who visited the region in December, 1821 described this area as the cantonment established by Jhala Zalim Singh plus a well-established township with large houses, havelis, and surrounding walls.

In 1838 A.D., English rulers separated Jhalawar state from Kota state and gave it to Jhala Madan Singh, the grandson of Jhala Zalim Singh. He developed his administration services to develop the state of Jhalawar. He resided in Jhalara Patan for a long time and started to build The Garh Palace (1840 - 1845 A.D). He was the first ruler of Jhalawar state and made a significant contribution in the history of Jhalawar. Jhala Madan Singh ruled Jhalawar from 1838 to 1845. After his death, Jhala Prithvi Singh became the ruler of Jhalawar, and ruled for around 30 years.

Rana Bhawani Singh Ji, who ruled Jhalawar state from 1899 to 1929 A.D., did remarkable work in the development of Jhalawar state. His active involvement was in the fields of social activities, public works (construction), education and administration.

The chief town of Jhalawar, also known as Patan or Jhalara Patan was the centre of trade for the eponymous princely state, the chief exports of the which were opium, oil-seeds and cotton. The palace is four miles (6 km) north of the town. An extensive ruin near the town is the site of the ancient city of Chandrawati, said to have been destroyed in the reign of Aurangzeb. The finest feature of its remains is the temple of Sitaleswar Mahadeva (c. 600).

Princely State of Jhalawar

Main article: Jhalawar State
See also: Hadoti
1561-The governor of Gagraun fort surrenders the keys to Akbar

The former ruling family of Jhalawar belonged to the Jhala family of Rajputs. At Kota Madhu Singh, a Jhala Rajput became a favorite with the Maharaja, and received from him an important post, which became hereditary. On the death of one of the Kota rajas (1771), the state was left to the charge of Jhala Zalim Singh, a descendant of Madhu Singh.

From that time Zalim Singh was the de facto ruler of Kota[1]. Under his administration, which lasted over forty-five years, the Kota territory was respected by all parties. In 1838 AD, British intervention and internal politics resulted with the decision to dismember the Kota state, and to create the new principality of Jhalawar as a separate provision for the descendants of Jhala Zalim Singh. The districts then severed from Kota were considered to represent one-third (120,000) of the income of Kotah; by treaty they acknowledged the supremacy of the British, and agreed to pay an annual tribute of Rs.8000/-. Madan Singh received the title of Maharaja Rana, and was placed on the same footing as the other chiefs in Rajputana.

Successors for Maharana of Jhalawar State

  • Sh. Madan Singh, Maharaja Rana of Jhalawar (1838–1845)
  • Sh. Pirthi Singh, Maharaja Rana of Jhalawar (1845–1875)
  • Sh. Bakht or Zalim Singh, Maharaja Rana of Jhalawar (1875–1897)
  • HH Sh. Bhawani Singh, Maharaja Rana of Jhalawar (1897–1929)
  1. HH Sh. Rajendra Singh, Maharaja Rana of Jhalawar (1929–1943)
  • HH Sh. Harish Chandra, Maharaja Rana of Jhalawar (1943-till merger of Jhalawar State in Rajasthan.) [2]

Geography

Jhalawar is located at 24°36′N 76°09′E / 24.6°N 76.15°E / 24.6; 76.15.[3] It has an average elevation of 312 metres (1023 feet).

Climate

Climate of the area is identical to the Indo-Gangatic plain, in summer the temperature generally is around 40°C and at maximum can exceed 45°C. While in winter the coldest temperature can touch 1°C. Jhalawar district has the highest rainfall in the Rajasthan state. An average of 35 inches of rainfall keeps it cool, and gentle breezes ward off the stifling humidity.

Education

Jhalawar District has a well-developed Education infrastructure.<ref>District of Rajasthan, Jhalawar. "Jhalawar District Education". Retrieved 24 March 2012.</ref> Department of Primary Education and Department of Secondary Education are providing their services through the Primary Schools, Middle Schools, Secondary & Senior Secondary Schools. Rajiv Gandhi Pathashala (School) Scheme, run by the Government of Rajasthan is also running in the district to provide primary education to the children.

There are 8 colleges in the district, which provides higher-level education in various streams.

Places to see

Temples nearby jhalawar

  • Rata devi mandir: distance 30 km
  • Modi Ki Jhar (Shiv temple), Near Joonakhera: 3000 bc distance 30 km
  • Chandkheri jain temple, khanpur
  • Khamkheda Mandir, Near Aklera : Distance 50 km
  • Sun temple, jhalrapatan
The 11th/12th-century sun temple of Jhalprapatan is situated in the centre of the town. The temple is intact and divided into sanctum, bestibule, prayer hall, entrance. The most significant part of the temple is its big spire. The temple is adorned with several sculptures of gods and goddesses and floral designs both from inside and outside of the pillars of the prayer hall are beautifully carved and decorated with sculptures. The temple has three sides entrance and every entrance has a toran over it. The Santum in plain and simple. The outer walls of the sanctum displays the icons of Dikpalas surya, sur-sundris. Ganesh and other miniature scens related to life of the people. At present the image of god "Padmnabh" of 19th century is under worship and kept in the sanctum. Some time in the 19th century the roof of the prayer hall was repaired and got constructed a few centopahs in Rajput Architectural style. The images of saints and monkeys were also installed on the roof.

Demographics

As of 2011 the India census, Jhalawar had a population of 1,411,327 . Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Jhalawar has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 76%, and female literacy is 47%. In Jhalawar, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.[4]

How to Reach

By Air:
Jhalawar is located 87 km far from Kota airport.
By Rail:
Jhalawar has a newly constructed railway station. Railway station is 2 k.m. far from jhalawar.
By Road:
Jhalawar town lies on Highway No. 12. Many government buses goes all district and outside. And private buses also available for travel.

Thermal Power Station

Kalisindh Thermal Power Station is located 12 km away from Jhalawar town. The power plant is operated by Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut Utpadan Nigam.[5][6]Its chimney has a height of 275 metres. The two cooling towers of the facility are 202 metres tall and the tallest in the world. The EPC contractor for the project is BGR Energy Systems Ltd.[7]

References

  1. ^ Shastri, R.P. "Jhala Zalim Singh (1730-1823)". Jhala Zalim Singh (1730-1823), the de facto ruler of Kota: who also dominated Bundi & Udaipur - Shrewd Politician, Administrator and Reformer. Printed at Raj Printing Works, 1971.
  2. ^ "Jhalawar". {{cite web}}: |first= missing |last= (help)
  3. ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Jhalawar
  4. ^ Jhalawar District : Census 2011 data
  5. ^ http://www.steelguru.com/indian_news/First_unit_of_coal_based_Kalisindh_thermal_power_plant_has_commenced_generation/335431.html
  6. ^ http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/kalisindh-thermal-power-plant-starts-power-generation-114032200454_1.html
  7. ^ http://rvunl.com/Kalisindh%20Thermal%20Power%20Project.php

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