Miami Open (tennis)
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Miami Open | |||||||||
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File:Miami Open presented by Itaú logo.svg | |||||||||
Tournament information | |||||||||
Founded | 1985 | ||||||||
Location | Miami Gardens, Florida USA | ||||||||
Venue | Hard Rock Stadium (through 2018) Hard Rock Stadium (beginning in 2019) | ||||||||
Surface | Hard (Laykold) - outdoors | ||||||||
Website | miamiopen.com | ||||||||
Current champions (2018) | |||||||||
Men's singles | John Isner | ||||||||
Women's singles | Sloane Stephens | ||||||||
Men's doubles | Bob Bryan Mike Bryan | ||||||||
Women's doubles | Ashleigh Barty CoCo Vandeweghe | ||||||||
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The Miami Open, sometimes known as the Miami Masters, is an annual tennis tournament for men and women currently held at the Hard Rock Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida. Prior to 2019, the tournament was held in Key Biscayne, Florida, an island town just off the coast of Miami. The tournament is an ATP World Tour Masters 1000 event on the men's tour and a Premier Mandatory event on the women's tour, played on hard courts at the Tennis Center at Crandon Park through 2018. The event is held annually in March. In 2019, the event will move to the Hard Rock Stadium in Miami Gardens north of Miami.[1] The City of Miami recently spent over $500 million in additions and renovations to transform the Hard Rock Stadium.[2]
The tournament has had multiple sponsorships in its history. During its inaugural playing in 1985, the tournament was known as the Lipton International Players Championships. and it was a premier event of the Grand Prix Tennis Tour as part of the Grand Prix Super Series from its first year until 1990. In 2000, the event was renamed the Ericsson Open. In 2002, the event became known as the NASDAQ-100 Open. In 2007, the tournament was renamed the Sony Ericsson Open, in a deal by which Sony Ericsson would pay $20 million total over the next four years, until 2014. From 2015–2019, the international bank Itaú became the presenting sponsor, making the official name of the tournament Miami Open presented by Itaú.[3]
In 2010, a record 300,000 visitors attended matches at the 12-day Sony Ericsson Open, making it one of the largest tennis tournaments outside the four Grand Slams.[4] In 2011, 316,267 visitors attended the Open.[5]
The court has been criticized as the slowest hardcourt on the tour, subjecting players to endless grinding rallies in extreme heat and humidity.[6][7]
History
The tournament was founded by former player Butch Buchholz. His original aim was to make the event the first major tournament of the year (the Australian Open was held in December at that time), and he dubbed it the "Winter Wimbledon". Buchholz approached the ATP and the WTA, offering to provide the prize-money, and to give them a percentage of the ticket sales and worldwide television rights in return for the right to run the tournament for 15 years. The two associations agreed.
The first tournament was held in February 1985 at Laver's International Tennis Resort at Delray Beach, Florida. Buchholz brought in Alan Mills, the tournament referee at Wimbledon, as the head referee; and Ted Tinling, a well-known tennis fashion designer since the 1920s, as the director of protocol. At the time, the prize money of US$1.8 million was surpassed only by Wimbledon and the US Open. (The event's prize money has since grown to over $13 million.)
In 1986, the tournament relocated to Boca West. After its successful second year there, Merrett Stierheim, Dade County Manager and Women's Tennis Association (WTA) President, helped Buchholz in 1987 move the tournament to its current home in Key Biscayne.[8] In keeping with ambitions of its founder, the tournament has been maintained as one of the premier events in pro tennis.[9]
In 1999, Buchholz sold the tournament to IMG.[10]
In 2004, the Indian Wells Masters also expanded to a multi-week 96 player field and since then the two March extravaganzas have been colloquially termed the 'Sunshine Double'.
In 2015 an appeals court prevented upgrades from being made to the Key Biscayne tennis complex site where the tournament had been held since 1987. In November of 2017 the Miami Open signed and agreement with Miami-Dade County to move the annual tournament from the tennis complex in Key Biscayne to Hard Rock Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida in 2019.
Event characteristics
Beside the four Major championships, the Miami Open is one of the few events on the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) and WTA tours where the main singles draw (for both the men and the women) involves more than 64 players, and where main draw play extends beyond one week. 96 men and 96 women compete in the singles competition, and 32 teams compete in each of the doubles competitions. The event lasts 12 days. Tennis Channel and ESPN televises early-round coverage in the U.S., and ESPN broadcasts the final.
In 2006, the tournament became the first event in the United States to use Hawk-Eye to allow players to challenge close line calls. Players were allowed two challenges per set, with an additional challenge allowed for tiebreaks. The first challenge was made by Jamea Jackson against Ashley Harkleroad in the first round.
The last best of five set final was won by Roger Federer in 2006.
Points and prize money
As an ATP World Tour Masters 1000 event, the tournament will distribute up to 1000 ATP Rankings points to the singles and doubles champions. This is a table detailing the points and prize money allocation for each round of the 2016 Miami ATP Masters 1000 and WTA Premier Mandatory event:
Point distribution
Event | W | F | SF | QF | Round of 16 | Round of 32 | Round of 64 | Round of 128 | Q | Q2 | Q1 |
Men's Singles | 1000 | 600 | 360 | 180 | 90 | 45 | 25* | 10 | 16 | 8 | 0 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men's Doubles | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | |||||
Women's Singles | 650 | 390 | 215 | 120 | 65 | 35* | 10 | 30 | 20 | 2 | |
Women's Doubles | 10 | — | — | — | — | — |
- Players with byes receive first round points.
Prize money
Event | W | F | SF | QF | Round of 16 | Round of 32 | Round of 64 | Round of 128 | Q2 | Q1 |
Men's Singles | $1,028,300 | $501,815 | $251,500 | $128,215 | $67,590 | $36,170 | $19,530 | $11,970 | $3,565 | $1,825 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Women's Singles[11][12] | ||||||||||
Men's Doubles | $336,920 | $164,420 | $82,410 | $42,000 | $22,140 | $11,860 | — | — | — | — |
Women's Doubles[13] | — | — | — | — |
Past results
Men's singles
- The men's final has been abandoned three times since the tournament's inception.
- In 1989, Thomas Muster was hit by a drunk driver just hours after his semifinal victory, severing left knee ligaments, which put him in a wheelchair for months. He won the championship eight years later.
- In 1996, Goran Ivanišević retired from the final early with a stiff neck, after sleeping awkwardly the night before.
- In 2004, Guillermo Coria was visibly bothered by back pain from late in the first set of the final. Coria eventually retired during the first game of the fourth set due to this back pain. The problem turned out to be kidney stones.
Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score | Name |
---|---|---|---|---|
1985 | Tim Mayotte | Scott Davis | 4–6, 4–6, 6–3, 6–2, 6–4 | |
1986 | Ivan Lendl | Mats Wilander | 3–6, 6–1, 7–6(7–5), 6–4 | |
1987 | Miloslav Mečíř | Ivan Lendl | 7–5, 6–2, 7–5 | |
1988 | Mats Wilander | Jimmy Connors | 6–4, 4–6, 6–4, 6–4 | |
1989 | Ivan Lendl (2) | Thomas Muster | Walkover | |
1990 | Andre Agassi | Stefan Edberg | 6–1, 6–4, 0–6, 6–2 | |
1991 | Jim Courier | David Wheaton | 4–6, 6–3, 6–4 | |
1992 | Michael Chang | Alberto Mancini | 7–5, 7–5 | |
1993 | Pete Sampras | MaliVai Washington | 6–3, 6–2 | |
1994 | Pete Sampras (2) | Andre Agassi | 5–7, 6–3, 6–3 | |
1995 | Andre Agassi (2) | Pete Sampras | 3–6, 6–2, 7–6(7–3) | |
1996 | Andre Agassi (3) | Goran Ivanišević | 3–0 Ret. | |
1997 | Thomas Muster | Sergi Bruguera | 7–6(8–6), 6–3, 6–1 | |
1998 | Marcelo Ríos | Andre Agassi | 7–5, 6–3, 6–4 | |
1999 | Richard Krajicek | Sébastien Grosjean | 4–6, 6–1, 6–2, 7–5 | |
2000 | Pete Sampras (3) | Gustavo Kuerten | 6–1, 6–7(2–7), 7–6(7–5), 7–6(10–8) | |
2001 | Andre Agassi (4) | Jan-Michael Gambill | 7–6(7–4), 6–1, 6–0 | |
2002 | Andre Agassi (5) | Roger Federer | 6–3, 6–3, 3–6, 6–4 | |
2003 | Andre Agassi (6) | Carlos Moyá | 6–3, 6–3 | |
2004 | Andy Roddick | Guillermo Coria | 6–7(2–7), 6–3, 6–1, Ret. | |
2005 | Roger Federer | Rafael Nadal | 2–6, 6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–5), 6–3, 6–1 | |
2006 | Roger Federer (2) | Ivan Ljubičić | 7–6(7–5), 7–6(7–4), 7–6(8–6) | |
2007 | Novak Djokovic | Guillermo Cañas | 6–3, 6–2, 6–4 | |
2008 | Nikolay Davydenko | Rafael Nadal | 6–4, 6–2 | |
2009 | Andy Murray | Novak Djokovic | 6–2, 7–5 | |
2010 | Andy Roddick (2) | Tomáš Berdych | 7–5, 6–4 | |
2011 | Novak Djokovic (2) | Rafael Nadal | 4–6, 6–3, 7–6(7–4) | |
2012 | Novak Djokovic (3) | Andy Murray | 6–1, 7–6(7–4) | |
2013 | Andy Murray (2) | David Ferrer | 2–6, 6–4, 7–6(7–1) | |
2014 | Novak Djokovic (4) | Rafael Nadal | 6–3, 6–3 | |
2015 | Novak Djokovic (5) | Andy Murray | 7–6(7–3), 4–6, 6–0 | |
2016 | Novak Djokovic (6) | Kei Nishikori | 6–3, 6–3 | |
2017 | Roger Federer (3) | Rafael Nadal | 6–3, 6–4 | |
2018 | John Isner | Alexander Zverev | 6–7(4–7), 6–4, 6–4 |
Women's singles
Men's doubles
Women's doubles
Mixed doubles
Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
---|---|---|---|
1985 | Heinz Günthardt Martina Navratilova |
Wojciech Fibak Carling Bassett |
6–3, 6–4 |
1986 | John Fitzgerald Elizabeth Smylie |
Emilio Sánchez Steffi Graf |
6–4, 7–5 |
1987 | Miloslav Mečíř Jana Novotná |
Christo van Rensburg Elna Reinach |
6–3, 3–6, 6–3 |
1988 | Michiel Schapers Ann Henricksson |
Jim Pugh Jana Novotná |
6–4, 6–4 |
1989 | Ken Flach Jill Hetherington |
Sherwood Stewart Zina Garrison |
6–2, 7–6(7–3) |
Records
Player | Record | Year | |
---|---|---|---|
Most Singles Titles | |||
Men's Singles | Andre Agassi (USA) Novak Djokovic (SRB) |
1990, 1995, 1996, 2001, 2002, 2003 2007, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016 | |
Women's Singles | Serena Williams (USA) | 2002, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2008, 2013, 2014, 2015 | |
Most Consecutive Titles | |||
Men's Singles | Andre Agassi (USA) Novak Djokovic (SRB) |
2001, 2002, 2003 2014, 2015, 2016 | |
Women's Singles | Steffi Graf (GER) Serena Williams (USA) |
1994, 1995, 1996 2002, 2003, 2004 & 2013, 2014, 2015 | |
Most Consecutive Matches Won | |||
Men's Singles | Andre Agassi (USA) | 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 | |
Women's Singles | Steffi Graf (GER) Venus Williams (USA) |
1994, 1995, 1996, 1999 1998, 1999, 2001, 2002 | |
Most Times Seeded No. 1 at the Tournament | |||
Men's Singles | Roger Federer (SUI) | 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2018 | |
Women's Singles | Serena Williams (USA) | 2003, 2004, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 | |
Unseeded Players Who Advanced to the Finals | |||
Men's Singles | Sébastien Grosjean (FRA) David Wheaton (USA) Tim Mayotte (USA) (winner) Scott Davis (USA) |
1999 1991 1985 1985 | |
Women's Singles | Kim Clijsters (BEL) (winner) | 2005 | |
Youngest & Oldest Winners | |||
Youngest Men's Singles | Novak Djokovic (SRB) | 316 days old |
2007 |
Youngest Women's Singles | Monica Seles (YUG) | 111 days old |
1990 |
Oldest Men's Singles | Roger Federer (SUI) | 241 days old |
2017 |
Oldest Women's Singles | Serena Williams (USA) | 190 days old |
2015 |
Most Finals Reached | |||
Men's Singles | Andre Agassi (USA) | 1990, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2001, 2002, 2003 | |
Women's Singles | Serena Williams (USA) | 1999, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2015 | |
Most Doubles Titles – Teams | |||
Men's Doubles | Bryan (USA) / Bryan (USA) | 2007, 2008, 2014, 2015, 2018 | |
Women's Doubles | Novotná (CZE) / Suková (CZE) Novotná (CZE) / Sánchez (ESP) Novotná (CZE) / Hingis (SUI) Raymond (USA) / Stosur (AUS) |
1989, 1990 1995, 1996 1998, 1999 2006, 2007 | |
Most Doubles Titles – Individual | |||
Men's Doubles | Bob Bryan (USA) Mike Bryan (USA) |
2007, 2008, 2014, 2015, 2018 | |
Women's Doubles | Jana Novotná (CZE) | 1989, 1990, 1993, 1995, 1996, 1998, 1999 |
Sunshine Double
Players who have completed the Sunshine Double Indian Wells Masters and Miami Masters in the same year[14] | |||
---|---|---|---|
# | Player | Title(s) | Year(s) |
1 | Jim Courier (USA) | 1 | 1991 |
2 | Michael Chang (USA) | 1 | 1992 |
3 | Pete Sampras (USA) | 1 | 1994 |
4 | Steffi Graf (GER) | 2 | 1994, 1996 |
5 | Marcelo Ríos (CHI) | 1 | 1998 |
6 | Andre Agassi (USA) | 1 | 2001 |
7 | Roger Federer (SUI) | 3 | 2005, 2006, 2017 |
8 | Kim Clijsters (BEL) | 1 | 2005 |
9 | Novak Djokovic (SRB) | 4 | 2011, 2014, 2015, 2016 |
10 | Victoria Azarenka (BLR) | 1 | 2016 |
References
- ^ "Renderings unveiled for Miami Open in Hard Rock Stadium". Miami Herald. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
- ^ http://www.sun-sentinel.com/sports/miami-dolphins/fl-sp-dolphins-hard-rock-20170808-story.html
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on September 11, 2014. Retrieved March 30, 2014.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
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suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Open Carrying Slam Appeal". Retrieved April 3, 2010.[dead link]
- ^ "Sony Ericsson a hit with Fans". Retrieved April 6, 2011.[dead link]
- ^ Rusedski, Greg. "Miami courts too slow". blogs.reuters.com. Reuters.
- ^ Nemeroff, Nick. "On Purple Clay: Miami and the Homogenization of Tennis". thetennisisland.com. The MH Magazine Theme.
- ^ "Sony Ericsson Open". Prolebrity. Archived from the original on 16 March 2014. Retrieved 23 February 2011.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Murray wins Miami Masters title". BBC Online. 2009-05-04.
- ^ Buchholz Is Selling, But Not Giving Up, Tournament He Founded
- ^ http://www.wtatennis.com/SEWTATour-Archive/posting/2016/837/MDS.pdf[permanent dead link]
- ^ http://www.wtatennis.com/SEWTATour-Archive/posting/2016/837/QS.pdf[permanent dead link]
- ^ http://www.wtatennis.com/SEWTATour-Archive/posting/2016/837/MDD.pdf[permanent dead link]
- ^ Neelabhra Roy (2017-03-28). "10 tennis players who have completed the Sunshine Double". Sports Keeda. Retrieved 2018-04-03.