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''[[The New York Times]]'' gauged the limited strike as smaller than expected, and that whilst Iranian officials downplayed it, and indeed did not even it ascribe to Israel, there was still room for miscalculation.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/19/world/middleeast/iran-response-israel-strikes.html|title=Israel's Strike Was Smaller Than Expected, and So Was Iran's Reaction|first=Patrick|last=Kingsley|work=The New York Times |date=19 April 2024|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> The ''[[Wall Street Journal]]'' also noted that whilst the immediate escalatory spiral had been stopped, the fundamental dynamic between Israel and Iran remained, and that its new situation had unclear red lines.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/world/middle-east/israel-iran-conflict-strike-deescalate-8192aff2|title=Israel and Iran Back Away From the Edge—and Into Dangerous Territory|first=Jared|last=Malsin|newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref>
''[[The New York Times]]'' gauged the limited strike as smaller than expected, and that whilst Iranian officials downplayed it, and indeed did not even it ascribe to Israel, there was still room for miscalculation.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/19/world/middleeast/iran-response-israel-strikes.html|title=Israel's Strike Was Smaller Than Expected, and So Was Iran's Reaction|first=Patrick|last=Kingsley|work=The New York Times |date=19 April 2024|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> The ''[[Wall Street Journal]]'' also noted that whilst the immediate escalatory spiral had been stopped, the fundamental dynamic between Israel and Iran remained, and that its new situation had unclear red lines.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/world/middle-east/israel-iran-conflict-strike-deescalate-8192aff2|title=Israel and Iran Back Away From the Edge—and Into Dangerous Territory|first=Jared|last=Malsin|newspaper=[[The Wall Street Journal]]}}</ref>


In his assessment of the Israeli attack, [[David Ignatius]] of ''[[The Washington Post]]'' observed that Israel demonstrated dominance by initiating and concluding strikes at will, reflecting what experts term 'escalation dominance' by delivering the first and last blow. He also discussed Israel's leadership in [[Arab–Israeli alliance|a regional coalition]] against Iran, emphasizing its focus on long-term strategies over immediate retaliation. Ignatius noted Israel's consideration of the interests of coalition partners like Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Jordan, which have supported Israel's actions against Iran quietly.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ignatius |first=David |date=2024-04-19 |title=The unspoken story of why Israel didn't clobber Iran |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2024/04/19/israel-iran-retaliate-diplomacy/ |access-date=2024-04-21 |work=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref>
In his assessment of the Israeli attack, [[David Ignatius]] of ''[[The Washington Post]]'' observed that Israel demonstrated dominance by initiating and concluding strikes at will, reflecting what experts term 'escalation dominance' by delivering the first and last blow. He also discussed Israel's leadership in [[Arab–Israeli alliance|a regional coalition]] against Iran, emphasizing its focus on long-term strategies over immediate retaliation. Ignatius noted also Israel's consideration of the interests of coalition partners Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Jordan, which supported Israel's action against Iran quietly.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ignatius |first=David |date=2024-04-19 |title=The unspoken story of why Israel didn't clobber Iran |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2024/04/19/israel-iran-retaliate-diplomacy/ |access-date=2024-04-21 |work=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref>


== Reactions ==
== Reactions ==

Revision as of 14:30, 21 April 2024

2024 Israeli strikes on Iran
Part of the 2024 Iran–Israel conflict
TypeAirstrike[1]
Location
Isfahan, Iran
Daraa Governorate, Syria
As-Suwayda Governorate, Syria
Babil Governorate, Iraq
Baghdad Governorate, Iraq
Planned by Israel
ObjectiveRetaliation for Iranian strikes on Israel
Date19 April 2024
05:23 IRST (UTC+03:30)
Executed by Israeli Air Force
OutcomePer US:

Per satellite imagery:

  • Iranian S-300PMU2 surface-to-air missile battery 30N6E radar damaged or destroyed[2][3]
  • There was no extensive damage on an Iranian airbase believed to be the main target.[4]

Per Iran:

  • No damage or casualties[5], Iranian air defence downed three Israeli drones over Isfahan.[6]

In Iraq:

  • 1 PMF member killed
  • 6+ PMF members wounded[7]

In Syria:

  • 1+ radar installation(s) destroyed (per Israel)[8]

On 19 April 2024, at 5:23 a.m. IRST, the Israeli Air Force launched airstrikes targeting an air defense facility within Iran.[1][9] The limited airstrikes targeted an air defense radar site at an airbase near Isfahan, in central Iran.[10][11] Satellite images suggest that a surface-to-air missile battery was damaged or destroyed.[2][3] There was no extensive damage to the base itself.[4] The attack was launched in response to the Iranian drone and missile strikes in Israel, which itself was an Iranian retaliation for the Israeli bombing of the Iranian embassy in Damascus.[12]

Iranian media and social media reported minor explosions near Isfahan,[13] where Iran has nuclear facilities, a drone manufacturing facility, and a major airbase.[14][11] Iranian state media said that Israeli drones flying over the region were shot down by the Iranian Air Defense Force.[15][16] Three Iranian officials confirmed to The New York Times that Israel was involved.[17] US officials confirmed that at least three missiles from Israeli aircraft had struck Iran.[18] No strikes were reported on Iran's nuclear sites.[11]

According to a senior US official speaking to ABC News, Israeli aircraft, operating beyond Iran's borders, launched three missiles targeting an air defense radar site guarding the Natanz nuclear facility. The official further stated that the assessment indicated the successful destruction of the targeted site. He also said that the objective of the strike was to communicate to Iran Israel's capabilities without escalating tensions further.[1] An Iranian official told Reuters that the explosions were from Israeli drones being shot down, and claimed that there had been no missile attack on Iran.[19] A blast struck bases of the Popular Mobilization Forces in Iraq later the same day.[7][20]

Background

Main articles: 2024 Iran–Israel conflict and Israel–Hamas war

Middle East escalation

On 7 October 2023, Hamas, an Islamic militant group supported by Iran, carried out an attack in southern Israel, resulting in the deaths of 1,200 individuals and the kidnapping of at least 253 other Israeli and international citizens.[21] Israel responded by launching the ongoing Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip.[22]

After 7 October, the Iranian-backed proxy Hezbollah in Lebanon began attacking northern Israel.[23] There have been over 4,400 violent incidents recorded between Hezbollah and Israel since the start of the war,[24] and about 100,000 Israelis have been evacuated from northern Israel since the beginning of the conflict.[25] The Iranian-backed Houthi movement has launched dozens of drones and ballistic missiles towards Israel, and have hijacked and attacked ships in the Red Sea, severely restricting the flow of trade through the Suez Canal.[26]

Bombing of the Iranian Embassy in Damascus

Main article: Israeli bombing of the Iranian embassy in Damascus
The destroyed annex building adjacent to the Iranian embassy in Damascus

On 1 April 2024, the Iranian consulate annex building adjacent to the Iranian embassy in Damascus, Syria, was struck by an Israeli airstrike, killing 16 people, including a woman and her son, and Brigadier General Mohammad Reza Zahedi, a senior Quds Force commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), and seven other IRGC officers, in addition to six other militants belonging to Hezbollah and other Iranian supported groups. Soon after the attack, Iran vowed to retaliate,[27][28] with reports suggesting this as a potential motive for the airstrike.[29] The Jerusalem Post reported the building was inside the Iranian diplomatic compound, adjacent to the main embassy building.[30][31]

In the weeks following the attack on the consulate, the United States, France, Germany and the United Kingdom all warned Iran not to retaliate to Israel and escalate the situation.[32]

Iranian strikes in Israel

Main article: 2024 Iranian strikes in Israel

On 13 April 2024, the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC), a branch of the Iranian military, in collaboration with the Iraqi Popular Mobilization Forces,[33] Lebanese group Hezbollah, and the Yemeni Houthis, launched attacks against Israel using drones, cruise missiles, and ballistic missiles.[34] Iran stated that the operation was done in retaliation for the Israeli airstrike on an Iranian consulate annex in Damascus, used by the IRGC, two weeks earlier.[12] The operation was part of the Israel-Hamas war spillover and marked Iran's first direct attack on Israel since the start of their proxy conflict.[35]

Israel stated that 99 percent of the drones and missiles were destroyed by a coalition during Operation Iron Shield,[36][37][38] most before entering Israeli airspace,[39] while a US official said that at least nine Iranian missiles had struck two Israeli airbases, causing minor damage. The missiles caused minor damage to the Nevatim Airbase in southern Israel, which remained operational.[40][41][42] An international coalition, including the US, UK, France and Jordan assisted Israel in intercepting Iranian projectiles and in radar coverage. In Israel, a 7-year-old Israeli Bedouin girl was seriously wounded, and thirty-one other people either suffered minor injuries while rushing to shelters or were treated for anxiety. Jordan reported some shrapnel falling on its territory, causing no significant damage or injuries.[40][41]

Iran's attacks drew criticism from the United Nations, several world leaders, and political analysts, who warned that they risk escalating into a full-blown regional war.[43][44][45][46] In recent days, Iran has intensified its threats, promising a strong retaliation to any strikes from Israel. Moreover, on 18 April, Iran said that it might expedite its nuclear program if its nuclear installations come under attack.[11]

Strikes

Iran

Reports from Iranian media and on social media platforms indicated that there were explosions near Isfahan, in a province known for nuclear sites, a major airbase, and a drone manufacturing facility.[11]

Specifically, the state-operated Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA) reported that air defenses were activated at Shekari air base in Isfahan,[47] which hosts Iran’s fleet of American-made F-14 Tomcats, which had been acquired prior to the Iranian Revolution in 1979.[14] Additionally, air defense systems were activated in various provinces after unidentified aerial objects were spotted.[11]

IRNA reported that its journalists did not observe any significant damage or explosions throughout the nation, and no disturbances were recorded at any of Iran's nuclear sites.[11]

Three Iranian officials told the The New York Times that the strike hit the airbase.[17] US officials later stated that a missile from Israel struck Iran.[18]

According to a senior US official speaking to ABC News, Israeli aircraft, operating beyond Iran's borders, launched three missiles targeting an air defense radar site guarding the Natanz nuclear facility. The official further stated that the assessment indicated the successful destruction of the targeted site. He also said that the objective of the strike was to communicate to Iran Israel's capabilities without escalating tensions further.[1]

Satellite imagery obtained by Umbra revealed damage sustained by an Iranian S-300PMU2 surface-to-air missile system 30N6E radar in Isfahan.[2][3]

Possible related strikes

Syria

Syrian Observatory for Human Rights reported that Israeli strikes hit Syrian Army radar positions in As-Suwayda Governorate and Daraa Governorate in southern Syria. In a statement, Syria's defense ministry confirmed the strikes, stating that Israel carried out an attack using missiles, targeting air defense sites in the southern region and causing material damage.[8]

Iraq

Explosions were also reported in the morning in Baghdad governorate and Babil Governorate. Fighter jets were heard in Erbil and Mosul.[48] The booster of an Israeli Sparrow air-launched ballistic missile was discovered south of Baghdad, indicating that Israeli aircraft had launched their missiles at Iran within Iraqi airspace.[49]

A blast also struck multiple bases of the Iranian proxy Popular Mobilization Forces in Iraq the same day.[7] The attack was allegedly done by either Israel or the United States, though both have denied the claims.[20]

Aftermath

Iran subsequently announced the suspension of commercial flights in Tehran and in the country's western and central areas. At Imam Khomeini International Airport in Tehran, loudspeakers reportedly informed passengers of the situation.[14] Normal flight operations were later restored, according to Iranian authorities. Several airlines diverted their aircraft away from Iranian airspace;[50] at least eight flights were rerouted.[51] State media in Iran announced the temporary suspension of flights across the country, a restriction lifted later that morning. Details regarding the scope and impact of the attack remain unclear.[11]

Iranian media reported that no casualties or damage had occurred. Iran's semi-official Tasnim news agency posted a video of a nuclear facility in Isfahan which did not show any damage or signs it had been hit. The International Atomic Energy Agency confirmed that no damage has occurred to Iran's nuclear sites.[52]

Analysis

According to an analysis by The Jerusalem Post, the attack, strategically close to a nuclear site, was designed to send a deliberate message: that Israel has the capability to target more critical sites but chose restraint at this time. This approach demonstrated Israel's readiness to defend its interests whilst also signaling to Iran the potential for more severe action, thereby maintaining a balance of deterrence without provoking an immediate escalation into a broader conflict.[53]

The BBC likewise noted that a calculated strike (which took place on Ayatollah Ali Khamenei's 85th birthday) on military targets associated with Iran's previous attack on Israel demonstrated the IDF's capabilities, including the capability of not using them in full. [54] The attack was so calibrated that the Iranian regime " downplayed, dismissed and even mocked that anything of consequence happened at all".[55]

Haaretz opined that the strike was lackluster and muted, a placeholder measure demonstrative of Netanyahu's lack of strategy, [56] and a diversion from the primary issue of the Israel-Gaza War and the rescue of Hamas' hostages.[57]

The New York Times gauged the limited strike as smaller than expected, and that whilst Iranian officials downplayed it, and indeed did not even it ascribe to Israel, there was still room for miscalculation.[58] The Wall Street Journal also noted that whilst the immediate escalatory spiral had been stopped, the fundamental dynamic between Israel and Iran remained, and that its new situation had unclear red lines.[59]

In his assessment of the Israeli attack, David Ignatius of The Washington Post observed that Israel demonstrated dominance by initiating and concluding strikes at will, reflecting what experts term 'escalation dominance' by delivering the first and last blow. He also discussed Israel's leadership in a regional coalition against Iran, emphasizing its focus on long-term strategies over immediate retaliation. Ignatius noted also Israel's consideration of the interests of coalition partners Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Jordan, which supported Israel's action against Iran quietly.[60]

Reactions

The Israel Defense Forces told CNN that they "do not have a comment at this time."[61] A senior United States official confirmed that Israel had conducted a strike and noted that the US was notified by Israel in advance of the operation.[17] An Iranian official told Reuters that the explosions were due to the activation of Iran's air defense systems, and added that there had been no missile attack on Iran.[19]

Israel minister of national security Itamar Ben-Gvir described the attack as "feeble" or "lame" on Twitter.[52] BBC security correspondent Frank Gardener labeled the attack as "limited, almost symbolic".[52]

Australia advised its citizens to leave Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories given that the security situation could deteriorate quickly,[62] and the US limited the travel of its embassy personnel to metropolitan regions for similar reasons.[63]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e "Israelis fired 3 missiles in limited strike". ABC News. 19 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  2. ^ a b c "Satellite imagery shows that a precision attack damaged an air defense system at an Iranian base". The New York Times. 20 April 2024. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
  3. ^ a b c Fabian, Emanuel (19 April 2024). "Satellite photo seen by ToI shows damage to radar system near Iran's Isfahan Airport after alleged IDF strike". The Times of Israel. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  4. ^ a b "Satellite images shows extent of damage after Israeli strike on Iran | CNN". 19 April 2024 – via www.cnn.com.
  5. ^ "Israeli drones caused no damage or casualties in Isfahan, says Iran foreign minister". Reuters. 19 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  6. ^ Regencia, Virginia Pietromarchi,Ted. "Israel-Iran tensions updates: Calls for calm as 'drones downed' in Isfahan". Al Jazeera.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ a b c "Huge Blast at Military Base Used by Iraqi Popular Mobilization Forces, Army Sources Say". Reuters. 19 April 2024.
  8. ^ a b "Israeli warplanes said to take out radar installation in southern Syria". The Times of Israel. 19 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  9. ^ Alkhshali, Hamdi. "Isfahan, Iran: Explosions Hear, Reports Say". CNN. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  10. ^ "Iran Acknowledges Drone Attack by Israel and Says It Failed". Bloomberg.com. 19 April 2024. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h Lieber, Dov; Eqbali, Aresu. "Israel Launches Retaliatory Strike on Iran". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  12. ^ a b Tanyos, Faris; Tabachnick, Cara (13 April 2024). "Iran launches drones toward Israel in retaliatory attack after consulate strike in Syria". CBS News. Archived from the original on 13 April 2024. Retrieved 13 April 2024.
  13. ^ Hafezi, Parisa (19 April 2024). "Tehran plays down reported Israeli attacks, signals no retaliation". Reuters. Iranian media and officials described a small number of explosions, which they said resulted from air defences hitting three drones over the city of Isfahan in central Iran.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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  34. ^ "Mapping the wide-scale Iranian drone and missile attacks". Washington Post. 14 April 2024. Archived from the original on 14 April 2024. Retrieved 14 April 2024.
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  55. ^ https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-68861607
  56. ^ Pfeffer, Anshel (19 April 2024). "Israel's muted strike on Isfahan shows Netanyahu has no strategy on Iran, as well as Gaza". Haaretz.
  57. ^ "Gaza, not Iran: Israel must fundamentally re-evaluate its wartime priorities". Haaretz. 19 April 2024.
  58. ^ Kingsley, Patrick (19 April 2024). "Israel's Strike Was Smaller Than Expected, and So Was Iran's Reaction". The New York Times – via NYTimes.com.
  59. ^ Malsin, Jared. "Israel and Iran Back Away From the Edge—and Into Dangerous Territory". The Wall Street Journal.
  60. ^ Ignatius, David (19 April 2024). "The unspoken story of why Israel didn't clobber Iran". The Washington Post. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
  61. ^ Marquardt, Alex; Regan, Helen; Alkhshali, Hamdi; Moshtaghian, Artemis; Pourahmadi, Adam (19 April 2024). "Israel has carried out a strike inside Iran, US official tells CNN, as explosions reported near military base". CNN. Retrieved 19 April 2024.
  62. ^ "Israel-Iran live updates: Israeli missile has struck Iran, US officials say". BBC News.
  63. ^ "Israel-Iran live updates: Israeli missile has struck Iran, US officials say". BBC News.
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