1242

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	12th century 13th century 14th century
Decades:	1220s 1230s 1240s 1250s 1260s
Years:	1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245

1242 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1242 MCCXLII
Ab urbe condita	1995
Armenian calendar	691 ԹՎ ՈՂԱ
Assyrian calendar	5992
Balinese saka calendar	1163–1164
Bengali calendar	649
Berber calendar	2192
English Regnal year	26 Hen. 3 – 27 Hen. 3
Buddhist calendar	1786
Burmese calendar	604
Byzantine calendar	6750–6751
Chinese calendar	辛丑年 (Metal Ox) 3939 or 3732     — to — 壬寅年 (Water Tiger) 3940 or 3733
Coptic calendar	958–959
Discordian calendar	2408
Ethiopian calendar	1234–1235
Hebrew calendar	5002–5003
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1298–1299
- Shaka Samvat	1163–1164
- Kali Yuga	4342–4343
Holocene calendar	11242
Igbo calendar	242–243
Iranian calendar	620–621
Islamic calendar	639–640
Japanese calendar	Ninji 3 (仁治３年)
Javanese calendar	1151–1152
Julian calendar	1242 MCCXLII
Korean calendar	3575
Minguo calendar	670 before ROC 民前670年
Nanakshahi calendar	−226
Thai solar calendar	1784–1785
Tibetan calendar	阴金牛年 (female Iron-Ox) 1368 or 987 or 215     — to — 阳水虎年 (male Water-Tiger) 1369 or 988 or 216

Year 1242 (MCCXLII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By area

Africa

• In Maghrib, after a string of successes against the fast declining Almohads, Abu Zakariya, the first Hafsid ruler of Ifriqiya, conquers the Kingdom of Tlemcen.

Asia

• Emperor Go-Saga ascends to the throne of Japan.
• Batu Khan establishes the Golden Horde at Sarai.
• The Mongols invade the Seljuk Sultanate.

Europe

• April 5 – During a battle on the ice of Lake Peipus, Russian forces, led by Alexander Nevsky, rebuff an invasion attempt by the Teutonic Knights.
• Cleves, Germany is chartered as a city.
• Kiel, Germany is chartered as a town.
• The Archbishop of Mainz conquers the city of Wiesbaden, from the House of Nassau.
• King Sancho II of Portugal conquers the cities of Tavira, Alvor and Paderne, in his continuing effort against the Muslims, known as Reconquista.
• Mongol invasions
  • German colonists arrive in Bratislava, after the Mongols fail to conquer the city.
  • The Mongols of the Golden Horde devastate Volga Bulgaria, and force the nation to pay tribute.
  • A French goldsmith working in Budapest, named Guillaume Boucher, is captured by the Mongols and taken to Karakorum.
  • The Golden Bull is issued by King Béla IV to inhabitants of Gradec (today's Zagreb) and Samobor in Croatia, during the Mongol invasion of Europe. By this golden bull King Bela IV proclaim a free royal city.
  • Battle of Grobnicko Polje: Croats stop the Mongolian invasion.

By topic

Science

• Timeline of medicine and medical technology: Ibn Nafis suggests that the right and left ventricles of the heart are separate, and describes the lesser circulation of blood.

Religion

• The diocese of Warmia, Poland is created.

Births

• July 24 – Blessed Christina von Stommeln, German Roman Catholic mystic, ecstatic, and stigmatic (d. 1312)
• December 15 – Prince Munetaka, Japanese shōgun (d. 1274)
• date unknown
  • Beatrice of Castile, queen consort of King Afonso III of Portugal (d. 1303)
  • Patrick IV, Earl of March (d. 1308)
  • George Pachymeres, Byzantine historian (d. c. 1310)
  • Theodoric of Landsberg (d. 1285)

Deaths

Emperor Shijō

Emperor Juntoku

• February 10
  • Emperor Shijō of Japan (b. 1231)
  • Saint Verdiana, Italian recluse (b. 1182)
• March 26 – William de Forz, 3rd Earl of Albemarle
• July 14 – Hōjō Yasutoki, regent of Japan (b. 1183)
• October 7 – Emperor Juntoku of Japan (b. 1197)
• December 9 – Richard le Gras, Lord Keeper of England and Abbot of Evesham
• date unknown
  • Archambaud VIII of Bourbon, ruler of Bourbonnais
  • Da'ud Abu al-Fadl, Karaite Jewish physician in Egypt (b. 1161)