Timeline of Vienna
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Vienna, Austria.
Prior to 19th century
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- 1st-millennium BCE – Vindobona settled.
- 180 – Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius dies in Vindobona.
- 881 – The Bavarians had their first clash at Wenia with the Hungarians (first mention of Vienna).
- 1030 – The Hungarians besiege Vienna.
- 1155
- Henry II, Duke of Austria appoints Vienna as capital city[clarification needed].[1]
- Schottenstift founded.
- 1160 – St. Stephen's Cathedral built.
- 1221 – Vienna receives rights as staple port.
- 1278 – City charter granted.[2]
- 1280 – Jans der Enikel writes the Fürstenbuch, a first history of the city.
- 1349 – Augustinian Church consecrated.
- 1365 – University of Vienna founded.
- 1421 – Jews expelled.
- 1482 – Johann Winterburger sets up printing press (approximate date).[3]
- 1485 – Siege of Vienna by Kingdom of Hungary.
- 1515 – First Congress of Vienna.
- 1529 – Siege of Vienna by Turks.
- 1556 – Vienna becomes seat of Holy Roman Empire under Ferdinand I.
- 1598 – Donaukanal regulated.
- 1600 – Melchior Khlesl becomes Bishop of Vienna.
- 1643 – Schönbrunn Palace built.
- 1668 – July: Premiere of Cesti's opera Il pomo d'oro.[4]
- 1679 – Great Plague of Vienna.
- 1683 – Battle of Vienna.[5]
- 1684 – Kollschitzky coffeehouse in business.[6]
- 1692 – Academy of Fine Arts Vienna founded.
- 1703 – Palais Liechtenstein built.[7]
- 1704 – Linienwall fortification built.
- 1709 – Theater am Kärntnertor built.
- 1713 – Plague epidemic.
- 1718 – Vienna Porcelain Manufactory founded.[8]
- 1724 – Population: 150,000.
- 1735 – Winter Riding School built.
- 1741 – Burgtheater opens.[9]
- 1762 – Premiere of Gluck's opera Orfeo ed Euridice.[10]
- 1765
- Tiergarten Schönbrunn (zoo) opens.[11]
- Artaria publishing firm founded.
- 1766 – Prater opens.
- 1770 – Chess-playing Mechanical Turk introduced at Schönbrunn Palace.
- 1772 – Freyung Christmas market begins.
- 1786
- Demel confectionery and Gesellschaft der Associierten founded.
- 1 May: Premiere of Mozart's opera The Marriage of Figaro.
- 1790 – Population: 200,000.
- 1791 – 30 September: Premiere of Mozart's The Magic Flute. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart dies.
- 1792 – Schweighofer piano manufactury established.
- 1800 – 2 April: Premiere of Beethoven's Symphony No. 1.
19th century
- 1805
- 1808 – 22 December: Premiere of Beethoven's Fifth and Sixth Symphonies, Choral Fantasy, and Piano Concerto No. 4 at the Theater an der Wien.
- 1809 – Battle of Aspern-Essling. Joseph Haydn dies.
- 1814
- Congress of Vienna.
- C.F. Peters music publisher in business.[12]
- 1824 – 7 May: Premiere of Beethoven's Symphony No. 9.
- 1827- 27 March: Ludwig van Beethoven dies.
- 1829 – Leopoldine Society formed.
- 1832 – Sachertorte invented.
- 1842
- Austrian Southern Railway begins.
- Philharmonische Academie formed.
- 1847 – Austrian Academy of Sciences established.
- 1848 – Vienna Uprising.[13]
- 1850
- City expanded beyond Innere Stadt.
- Population: 551,300.
- 1858 – Ringstraße constructed.
- 1864 – Neue Freie Presse newspaper begins publication.
- 1869 – Vienna State Opera house built.
- 1870 – Musikverein inaugurated.
- 1873
- World exposition held.[14]
- Café Landtmann and Hotel Imperial in business.
- 1874 – Premiere of Strauss's opera Die Fledermaus.[15]
- 1875 – Danube levees constructed.
- 1876
- Academy of Fine Arts building erected.[16]
- Hotel Sacher established.
- Café Central in business.
- 1878 – Palais Nathaniel Rothschild built.
- 1879 – Geological Office formed.
- 1880 – Café Sperl in business.
- 1881 – Palace of Justice (Vienna) built.
- 1882 – Palmenhaus Schönbrunn (greenhouse) opens.
- 1884 – Palais Albert Rothschild built.
- 1885 – Goldscheider Manufactory and Majolica Factory and Alpinen Gesellschaft Edelraute (hiking club)[17] established.
- 1886 – Hermesvilla built.
- 1887 – Historical Museum of the City of Vienna established.
- 1889 – Vienna City Archives active.[18]
- 1890 – City expanded.
- 1891 – Kunsthistorisches Museum (art museum) opens.
- 1894 – Palais Rothschild (Prinz-Eugen-Straße) built.
- 1897
- Wiener Riesenrad erected.
- Vienna Secession art group founded.
- 1898
- Wiener Stadtbahn begins.
- Secession Building constructed.
- 1899
- Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams published.
- Die Fackel magazine begins publication.[19]
- 1900 – Population: 1,769,137.
20th century
1900s-1940s
- 1901 – Universal Edition in business.[12]
- 1902
- Freudenau harbor constructed.
- Franciszek Trześniewski opens restaurant.
- 1903
- Kuchelau harbor constructed.
- Wiener Werkstätte art group founded.[19]
- 1904
- Floridsdorf district added.[20]
- Café Korb in business.
- 1908 – Vienna Psychoanalytic Society active.
- 1910 – Population: 2,031,000.
- 1912 – Aspern Airfield opens.
- 1913[21]
- 23 February: Premiere of Schoenberg's Gurre-Lieder.[22]
- Richard Weiskirchner becomes mayor.
- 1915 – April: Conference of Central European Socialist Parties held in Vienna.
- 1916 – 30 November: Funeral of Franz Joseph I of Austria.
- 1918 – Red Vienna begins.
- 1919
- Lainzer Tiergarten opens.
- Jakob Reumann becomes mayor.
- 1920 – Austrian National Library established.
- 1921
- The Geistkreis seminar begins.
- Österreichische Bundesgärten (garden) established.[23]
- International Working Union of Socialist Parties founded in Vienna.[24]
- 1923
- Karl Seitz becomes mayor.[2]
- Phaidon Press founded.
- 1925 – Kolosseum (cinema) opens.[25]
- 1929 – Austrian Bridge Federation founded.
- 1931 – Ernst-Happel-Stadion built.
- 1934 – Richard Schmitz becomes mayor.
- 1938
- Anschluss.
- Hermann Neubacher becomes mayor.
- City expands.
- 1940 – Philipp Wilhelm Jung becomes mayor.
- 1941 – Kehal Adas Yereim Vien established.
- 1942 – Bombing begins.
- 1943 – Hanns Blaschke becomes mayor.
- 1945
- Vienna Offensive.
- Allied-occupied city.
- Rudolf Prikryl becomes mayor, succeeded by Theodor Körner.
- Soviet War Memorial installed.
1950s-1990s
- 1951 – Franz Jonas becomes mayor.
- 1954
- Vienna International Airport opens.
- Flood.
- 1957 – International Atomic Energy Agency headquartered in Vienna.
- 1958 – Freudenauer Harbour Bridge built.
- 1959
- Vienna Museum opens.
- City hosts World Festival of Youth and Students.
- 1960 – Österreichische Mediathek (sound archive) headquartered in city.[26]
- 1961 – Vienna summit of USA and USSR.
- 1962 – Vienna S-Bahn begins.
- 1964 – Österreichisches Filmmuseum established.[26]
- 1965 – Bruno Marek becomes mayor.
- 1968 – Austrian Science Fund formed.
- 1969 – OPEC Headquarter moves from Geneva, Switzerland to Vienna.
- 1970 – Felix Slavik becomes mayor.
- 1973 – Leopold Gratz becomes mayor.
- 1976 – Vienna U-Bahn opens.
- 1979 – Vienna Islamic Centre and UNO City built.
- 1983 – Donauinselfest begins.
- 1984 – Helmut Zilk becomes mayor.
- 1985
- 1988
- New Danube channel constructed.
- ImPulsTanz Vienna International Dance Festival begins
- 1990 – Museum in Progress created.
- 1992 – The biggest AIDS charity event in Europe, the Life Ball begins.
- 1993 – World Conference on Human Rights held.
- 1994 – Michael Häupl becomes mayor.[27]
- 1995 – Secretariat for the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe established.
- 1998 – Andromeda-Tower built.
- 1999 – Millennium Tower built.
- 2000
- City website online (approximate date).[28][chronology citation needed]
- Mischek Tower built.
21st century
- 2001 – IZD Tower and Ares Tower built.
- 2003 – Lighthouse Wien founded.
- 2004 – Saturn Tower built.
- 2007 – EU Fundamental Rights Agency established.
- 2008
- World Institute for Nuclear Security headquartered in city.
- UEFA European Football Championship held.
- 2010 – Wiener Staatsballet formed.
- 2011
- Smart City Wien begins.[29]
- Funeral of Otto von Habsburg.
- 2014 – Population: 1,797,337.[30]
- 2020 – The Vienna attack occurs.
See also
- History of Vienna
- History of the Jews in Vienna
- List of mayors of Vienna
- Years in Austria
- Timelines of other cities in Austria: Graz, Linz, Salzburg
References
- ^ Csendes 1999.
- ^ a b Paula Sutter Fichtner (2009). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Austria. USA: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6310-1.
- ^ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Austria-Hungary: Wien". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company – via HathiTrust.
- ^ Stephen Rose (2005). "Chronology". In Tim Carter and John Butt (ed.). Cambridge History of Seventeenth-Century Music. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-79273-8.
- ^ "Austria". Political Chronology of Europe. Europa Publications. 2003. pp. 11–15. ISBN 978-1-135-35687-3.
- ^ Bradshaw 1867.
- ^ English Guide to the Princes Liechtenstein's Gallery, Vienna, Wien: W.J. Knoch, 1910, OL 7089970M
- ^ Daniela Tarabra (2008). "Chronology". European Art of the Eighteenth Century. Getty Publications. ISBN 978-0-89236-921-8.
- ^ William Grange (2006). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of German Theater. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6489-4.
- ^ a b Radio 3. "Opera Timeline". BBC. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell, ed. (2000). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson Co. ISBN 0824209583.
- ^ a b Chester L. Alwes (2012). "Choral Music in the Culture of the 19th Century". In André de Quadros (ed.). Cambridge Companion to Choral Music. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-11173-7.
Music publishers of the 18th to the early 20th c. (chronological list)
- ^ Eric Roman (2003). "Chronologies: Austro-Hungarian Empire 1522-1918". Austria-Hungary & the Successor States: A Reference Guide. Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-7469-3.
- ^ Stamper 2004.
- ^ "Timeline of opera", Oxford Music Online, Oxford University Press, retrieved 30 March 2015
- ^ David Charles Preyer (1911), The Art of the Vienna Galleries, Boston: L.C. Page & Company, OL 23279063M
- ^ A.J. Mackintosh (1907). "Mountaineering Clubs, 1857-1907". Alpine Journal (177). UK.
- ^ Municipal and Provincial Archives of Vienna, Vienna City Administration, retrieved 30 September 2015
- ^ a b Chris Michaelides, ed. (2007). "Chronology of the European Avant Garde, 1900─1937". Breaking the Rules: The Printed Face of the European Avant Garde 1900-1937. Online Exhibitions. British Library.
- ^ History of Vienna, Vienna City Administration, retrieved 30 September 2015
- ^ Charles Emerson, 1913: In Search of the World Before the Great War (2013) compares Vienna to 20 major world cities on the eve of World War I; pp 87–109.
- ^ Florian Illies (2013). 1913: The Year Before the Storm. Melville House. ISBN 978-1-61219-352-6.
- ^ "Garden Search: Austria". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 September 2015.
- ^ James C. Docherty; Peter Lamb (2006). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Socialism (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6477-1.
- ^ "Movie Theaters in Vienna, Austria". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
- ^ a b Film and Television Collections in Europe: the MAP-TV Guide. Routledge. 1995. ISBN 978-1-135-37262-0.
- ^ "Mayor and Governor of Vienna". City of Vienna. Archived from the original on November 15, 2009.
- ^ "Wien Online" (in German). Archived from the original on March 2000 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|archive-date=(help) - ^ "Smart City Wien". City of Vienna. Retrieved 11 December 2019.
- ^ Vienna in Figures, Vienna City Administration, retrieved 30 September 2015
This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.
Bibliography
in English
- published in the 18th-19th century
- Thomas Nugent (1749), "Vienna", The Grand Tour, vol. 2: Germany and Holland, London: S. Birt
- William Hunter (1803), "(Vienna)", Travels through France, Turkey, and Hungary, to Vienna, in 1792, vol. 2, London: J. White, OCLC 10321359
- Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Vienna", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
- John Russell (1828), "Vienna", A Tour in Germany, and Some of the Southern Provinces of the Austrian Empire, in 1820, 1821, 1822, Edinburgh: Constable, OCLC 614379840
- David Brewster, ed. (1832). "Vienna". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Philadelphia: Joseph and Edward Parker.
- Frances Trollope (1838), Vienna and the Austrians, London: R. Bentley, OCLC 2431804 + v.2
- Mariana Starke (1839), "Vienna", Travels in Europe (9th ed.), Paris: A. and W. Galignani
- John Thomson (1845), "Vienna", New Universal Gazetteer and Geographical Dictionary, London: H.G. Bohn
- A.A. Paton (1861). "Vienna". Researches on the Danube and the Adriatic. Leipzig: Brockhaus.
- "Vienna", Handbook for Travellers in Southern Germany (9th ed.), London: John Murray, 1863
- "Vienna". Bradshaw's Illustrated Hand-book to Germany. London: W.J. Adams & Sons. 1867.
- 'The Graphic' Guide to Vienna, London: Office of The Graphic, 1873, OL 24225739M
- David Kay (1880), "Principal Towns: Vienna", Austria-Hungary, Foreign Countries and British Colonies, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington
- The Newest Plan and Guide of Vienna and Environs, Vienna: R. Lechner, 1891, OL 19356630M
- Norddeutscher Lloyd (1896), "Vienna", Guide through Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Switzerland, France, Belgium, Holland and England, Berlin: J. Reichmann & Cantor, OCLC 8395555
- published in the 20th century
- Robert C. Brooks (1901), "Vienna", Bibliography of Municipal Problems and City Conditions, Municipal Affairs, vol. 5 (2nd ed.), New York: Reform Club, OCLC 1855351
- Maria Hornor Lansdale (1902), Vienna and the Viennese, Philadelphia: H. T. Coates & Co., OCLC 1522879, OL 6920560M
- "Vienna", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 12, New York, 1907
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - "Vienna", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Donald Olsen (1986). The City as a Work of Art: London, Paris, Vienna. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300042122.
- Peter Csendes (1999). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of Vienna. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-3562-7.
- published in the 21st century
- John W. Stamper (2004). "The Industry Palace of the 1873 World's Fair: Karl von Hasenauer, John Scott Russell, and New Technology in Nineteenth-Century Vienna". Architectural History. 47: 227–250. doi:10.1017/S0066622X00001763. JSTOR 1568823.
- Jens S. Dangschat & Alexander Hamedinger (2009). "Planning culture in Austria: the case of Vienna, the unlike city". In Jörg Knieling & Frank Othengrafen (eds.). Planning Cultures in Europe: Decoding Cultural Phenomena in Urban and Regional Planning. Ashgate. ISBN 978-0-7546-7565-5.
in German
- Karl Friedrich Arnold von Lützow (1876), Wiener Neubauten [Viennese Buildings] (in German), Wien: Lehmann & Wentzel, OCLC 17857346, OL 6565936M
- Moritz Bermann (1880), Alt- und Neu-Wien: Geschichte der Kaiserstadt und ihrer Umgebungen [Old and New Vienna: History of the Imperial City and its Surroundings], A. Hartleben, OCLC 11359182, OL 23423601M
- Eugen Guglia (1892), Geschichte der Stadt Wien [History of the City of Vienna] (in German), Wien: F. Tempsky, OL 23360656M
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Vienna.
- Links to fulltext city directories for Vienna via Wikisource
- Items related to Vienna, various dates (via Europeana)
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