List of Indian musical instruments
Appearance
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Indian musical instruments can be broadly classified according to the Hornbostel–Sachs system into four categories: chordophones (string instruments), aerophones (wind instruments), membranophones (drums) and idiophones (non-drum percussion instruments).
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Bowed strings
- Chikara
- Dhantara
- Dilruba
- Ektara violin
- Esraj
- Kamaicha
- Kingri (string instrument)
- Mayuri Vina or Taus
- Onavillu
- Behala (violin type)
- Pena (musical instrument)
- Pulluvan Veena - one stringed violin
- Ravanahatha
- Sarangi
- Classical Sarangi
- Sarinda
- Tar Shehnai
- Villu Paatu - arched bow instrument
+ Behala - Bengal Murshidabad Violin Persian "Behaaleh" (Restless)
Other string instruments
- Gethu or Jhallari - struck tanpura
- Gubguba or Jamuku (khamak)
- Pulluvan kutam
- Santoor - Hammered dulcimer
Single reed
Double reed
Flute
Bagpipes
Free reed
Free reed and bellows
Brass
Hand drums
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Hand frame drums
- Daff, duff, daf or duf - medium or large frame drum without jingles, of Persian origin
- Dubki, dimdi or dimri - small frame drum without jingles
- Kanjira - small frame drum with one jingle
- Kansi - small drum without jingles
- Patayani thappu - medium frame drum played with hands
Stick and hand drums
Stick drums
- Chande
- Davul
- Kachhi Dhol
- Nagara - pair of kettledrums
- Pambai - unit of two cylindrical drums
- Parai thappu, halgi - frame drum played with two sticks
- Sambal
- Stick daff or stick duff - daff in a stand played with sticks
- Tamak'
- Tasha - type of kettledrum
- Timki
- Urumee
Idiophones
- Chimta - fire tong with brass jingles
- Chengila - metal disc
- Elathalam
- Geger - brass vessel
- Ghanti - Northern Indian bell
- Ghatam and Matkam (Earthenware pot drum)
- Ghungroo
- Khartal or Chiplya
- Manjeera or jhanj or taal
- Nut - clay pot
- Sankarjang - lithophone
- Thali - metal plate
- Thattukazhi mannai
- Yakshagana bells
Melodic
- Jal tarang, ceramic bowls with water
- Kanch tarang, a type of glass harp
- Kashtha tarang, a type of xylophone
Electronic
- Roland HandSonic
- Electronic tanpura
- Electronic (digital) tabla
- Talameter
Sound samples
- Sound Samples of Indian Instruments (non-commercial page) Courtesy of www.superbrass.com (Links in that page not working 2019-02-05)