1209
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1209 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1209 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1209 MCCIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 1962 |
| Armenian calendar | 658 ԹՎ ՈԾԸ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5959 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1130–1131 |
| Bengali calendar | 616 |
| Berber calendar | 2159 |
| English Regnal year | 10 Joh. 1 – 11 Joh. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1753 |
| Burmese calendar | 571 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6717–6718 |
| Chinese calendar | 戊辰年 (Earth Dragon) 3906 or 3699 — to — 己巳年 (Earth Snake) 3907 or 3700 |
| Coptic calendar | 925–926 |
| Discordian calendar | 2375 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1201–1202 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4969–4970 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1265–1266 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1130–1131 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4309–4310 |
| Holocene calendar | 11209 |
| Igbo calendar | 209–210 |
| Iranian calendar | 587–588 |
| Islamic calendar | 605–606 |
| Japanese calendar | Jōgen 3 (承元３年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1117–1118 |
| Julian calendar | 1209 MCCIX |
| Korean calendar | 3542 |
| Minguo calendar | 703 before ROC 民前703年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −259 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1751–1752 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳土龙年 (male Earth-Dragon) 1335 or 954 or 182 — to — 阴土蛇年 (female Earth-Snake) 1336 or 955 or 183 |
Year 1209 (MCCIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By area
Asia
- Genghis Khan conquers Western Xia.
- The army of the Kingdom of Georgia raids the Muslim principalities in north Iran.
Europe
- The Albigensian Crusade is launched against the Cathars.
- July 22 – Massacre at Béziers: Simon de Monfort, leader of the Crusade, sacks Béziers, killing many Cathars and Catholics alike.
- August – Simon de Monfort takes over Carcassonne.
- May – The First Parliament of Ravennika is held in Greece.
- June – Treaty of Sapienza: the Republic of Venice recognizes the possession of the Peloponnese by the Prince of Achaea, Geoffrey I of Villehardouin, and keeps only the fortresses of Modon and Coron.
- November – John of England is excommunicated by Pope Innocent III. Despite the excommunication, John will continue to make amends to the Church, including giving alms to the poor whenever he defiles a holy day by hunting during it. This year, he feeds a hundred paupers to make up for when he "went into the woods on the feast of St. Mary Magdalen", and three years from now, he will feast 450 paupers "because the king went to take cranes, and he took nine, for each of which he feasted fifty paupers."[1]
- London Bridge is completed.
- Black Monday, Dublin: A group of 500 recently arrived settlers from Bristol are massacred by warriors of the Gaelic O'Byrne clan. The group leaves the safety of the walled city of Dublin to celebrate Easter Monday near a wood at Ranelagh, and are attacked without warning. Although in modern times a relatively obscure event in history, it is commemorated by a mustering of the Mayor, Sheriffs and soldiers on the day, as a challenge to the native tribes for centuries afterwards.
By topic
Education
- Cambridge University is founded.
Markets
- Philippe Auguste of France grants a "conduit" to merchants going to the Champagne fairs, guaranteeing the safety of their travel, as any attempt made against them is now to be considered as a crime of lese-majesty. The decision increases again the appeal of the fairs, to merchants from Italy and the Low Countries.[2]
- The banking firm known as the Gran Tavola is formed; most of the partners are members of the Bonsignori Family. [3]
Religion
- The Franciscan Order is founded.
Births
- January 5 – Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1272)
- January 11 – Möngke Khan, 4th Khagan of the Mongol Empire (d. 1259)
- date unknown
- Haji Bektash Veli, Khorasanian mystic (d. 1271)
- Bettisia Gozzadini, Italian scholar (d. 1260)
Deaths
- March 29 – Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, Persian theologian and philosopher (b. 1149)
- April 2 – Elisabeth of Greater Poland, Duchess of Bohemia (b. 1152)
- November 12 – Phillipe de Plessis, Grand Master of the Knights Templar (b. 1165)
- date unknown –
- Nizami Ganjavi, Persian mystic poet
- Walter Map, Welsh historian (b. c 1137)[4]
References
- ^ King John by Warren. Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 141
- ^ Recueils de la Société Jean Bodin pour l'histoire comparative des institutions. Paris: Éditions de la Librairie encyclopedique. 1953.
- ^ Catoni, Giuliano. "BONSIGNORI". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
- ^ Ashley, Leonard (2013). The Complete Book of Vampires. Souvenir Press. p. 71. ISBN 9780285642270.