List of active separatist movements in Oceania
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This is a list of currently active separatist movements in Oceania. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism. What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet three criteria:
- They are active movements with living, active members.
- They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy).
- They are the citizen/peoples of the contested area.
Under each region listed is one or more of the following (except for The United States which only has the last one):
- De facto state: for regions with de facto autonomy from the government
- Proposed state: proposed name for a seceding sovereign state
- Proposed autonomous area: for movements toward greater autonomy for an area but not outright secession
- De facto autonomous government: for governments with de facto autonomous control over a region
- Government-in-exile: for a government based outside of the region in question, with or without control
- Political party (or parties): for political parties involved in a political system to push for autonomy or secession
- Militant organisation(s): for armed organisations
- Advocacy group(s): for non-belligerent, non-politically participatory entities
- Ethnic/ethno-religious/racial/regional/religious group(s)
Australia
- Ethnic group: Aboriginal Australians
- Proposed state: various
- Pressure groups: Aboriginal Tent Embassy, Murrawarri Republic
- Ethnic group: Muruwari
- Proposed state: Murrawarri Republic
- Ethnic group: Norfolk Islanders
- Proposed state: Norfolk Island
- Proposed state: Tasmania
- Pressure group: First Party of Tasmania
- Ethnic group: Torres Strait Islanders
- Proposed state: Torres Strait Islands[1][2][3]
- Proposed state: Western Australia
Chile
France
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French Polynesia
- People: Tahitians
- Political party: Tavini Huiraatira
- People: Tahitians
Moorea & Tahiti
- People: Tahitians
- Proposed state: Republic of Hau Pakumoto[6]
- People: Tahitians
Federated States of Micronesia
- People: Chuukese
- Proposed state: Republic of Chuuk[7]
Indonesia
- Ethnic group: Papuans
- Proposed state:
Republic of West Papua - Militant organisation: Free Papua Movement
- Proposed state:
Kiribati
- Proposed state: Banaba Island[8]
New Zealand
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Autonomist movements
- People: South Islanders
- Proposed autonomous region: New Munster Province
Secessionist movements
- Ethnic group: Cook Islanders
- Proposed state:
Republic of the Cook Islands
- Initiative by the Cook Islands Ariki which considers both the Cook Islands' previous status as a British protectorate and its current status as associated state of New Zealand to be illegitimate. Aims to set up the Cook Islands as a sovereign state independent of both the United Kingdom and New Zealand.[9]
- Proposed state:
- Ethnic group: Maōri
- Proposed state: Republic of New Zealand
- Political parties: Māori Party, Mana Party
- Proposed state: Republic of New Zealand
- People: South Islanders
- Proposed state: South Island
Papua New Guinea
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Autonomist movements
- Proposed autonomous province: New Ireland[10]
Secessionist movements
Bougainville (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)
- Proposed state: Bougainville[11]
- Political groups: Triune Government of Bougainville
United States
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- Ethnic group: Micronesian Guams, Haoles
- Proposed state: Republic of Guam[12][13][14]
- Organization: Chamorro People's Association
- Movement: Guam Sovereignty Movement
- Militant organizations: Guam National Front, Guam People's Popular Front
- Ethnic group: Native Hawaiians, Haoles
- Proposed state:
Republic of Hawaii or The Hawaiian Kingdom - Pressure groups: Nation of Hawaiʻi (organization), Office of Hawaiian Affairs, Ka Lāhui Hawaiʻi
- Proposed state:
(The purpose of these organizations and The Hawaiian Sovereignty Movement is to create Native Hawaiian nations within the State of Hawaii equal to Native American nations, or to obtain complete independence from the USA).
Vanuatu
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- Ethnic group: Ni-Vanuatu
- Proposed state or entity:
Republic of Vemerana
- Political party: Nagriamel
- Proposed state or entity:
See also
References
- ^ Sarah Elks (15 October 2011). For Mabo's sake, let my island home go: Torres Strait elder George Mye. The Australian. News Limited. Retrieved on 25 April 2012.
- ^ Larine Statham (17 October 2011). Progress for Torres Strait independence. Courier Mail. Queensland Newspapers. Retrieved on 25 April 2012.
- ^ (5 August 2009). MP supports Torres Strait independence. news.com.au. News Limited. Retrieved on 25 April 2012.
- ^ "Native Village News". Nativevillage.org.
- ^ "easterisland - www". Hectortobar.com. 2004-01-28. Archived from the original on 2017-04-06. Retrieved 2010-07-28.
- ^ "The Republic of Hau Pakumoto?". GeoCurrents. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
- ^ "Chuuk Independence…From What, For What?".
- ^ "Banaba - Our Homeland". Abara Banaba. Retrieved 2009-04-10.
- ^ http://www.sovereigncookislands.info/img/dummies/Mr%20Joe%20Legg%2003.pdf.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ "Anis shares vision for autonomy for New Ireland". The National. September 26, 2017.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-01-24. Retrieved 2014-05-10.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ https://www.guampdn.com/story/news/2019/12/27/right-self-determination-guam-seeks-us-supreme-court-review/2752911001/.
{{cite news}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ https://www.guampdn.com/story/opinion/readers/2019/10/18/letter-guam-just-isnt-ready-self-determination/4015888002/.
{{cite news}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ https://unpo.org/article/21634.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help)