Jump to content

Grenoble Alpes University

Coordinates: 45°11′22″N 5°46′12″E / 45.18944°N 5.77000°E / 45.18944; 5.77000
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Edmond8674 (talk | contribs) at 16:39, 24 December 2020. The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Université Grenoble Alpes
Grenoble-Alpes-logo
Latin: Universitas Gratianopolitana
Former name
University of Grenoble
(1339–1970), UPMF & UJF & Stendhal (1971-2015)
Motto
Veritas Liberabit
Motto in English
Truth shall set you free
TypePublic
Established1339; 685 years ago (1339)
FounderHumbert II of Viennois
Budget€450 million
PresidentYassine Lakhnech[1]
Academic staff
3,000
Administrative staff
2,500
Students60,000[2] (2020)
Location
Cities of Grenoble, Saint-Martin-d'Hères & Gières
,
in France
CampusUrban/College town
432 acres (175 ha)
AffiliationsAurora, EUA, AUF, SGroup, Community Université Grenoble Alpes
Websitewww.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr

The Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA, French: meaning "Grenoble Alps University") is a public research university in Grenoble, France. Founded in 1339, it is the third largest university in France with about 60,000 students and over 3,000 researchers[citation needed].

Established as the University of Grenoble by Humbert II of Viennois, it split in 1970 following the May 1968 events. Three of the University of Grenoble's inheritors—Joseph Fourier University, Pierre Mendès-France University, and Stendhal University—reunited in 2016 to restore the original institution under the name Université Grenoble Alpes. In 2020, Grenoble Institute of Technology, Grenoble Institute of Political Studies, and Grenoble School of Architecture ENSAG merged with the original university.

The university is organized around two closely located urban campuses: Domaine Universitaire of 175 ha which straddles Saint-Martin-d'Hères and Gières, and Campus GIANT of 250 ha in Grenoble. UGA also owns and operates facilities in Valence, Chambéry, Les Houches, Villar-d'Arêne, Mirabel, Échirolles, and La Tronche.[3][4]

The city of Grenoble is one of the largest scientific centers in Europe,[5][6] hosting facilities of every existing public research institution in France. This allows UGA to have hundreds of research and teaching partnerships, including close collaboration with the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) and the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA). Overall, Grenoble as a city is the largest research center in France after Paris with 22,800 researchers. In April 2019, UGA is selected to host one of the four French institutes in artificial intelligence.[7]

UGA is traditionally known for its research and education in the natural sciences and engineering, but also law, institutional economics, linguistics, and psychology.[8][9][10] It has been cited among the best and most innovative universities in Europe.[11][12][13] It is also renowned for its academic research in humanities and political sciences, hosting some of the largest research centers in France in fields such as political science, urban planning or the sociology of organizations.

History

Early history (1339–1800)

Founder Humbert II of Viennois
First official seal

The University of Grenoble was founded on May 12, 1339 by Humbert II of Viennois, the last independent ruler of Dauphiné, a state of the Holy Roman Empire. Its purpose was to teach civil and canon law, medicine, and the liberal arts.[14] It was considered a leader in the Renaissance revival of the classics and development of liberal arts.[15]

Humbert's actions were inspired by his granduncle Robert, King of Naples, at whose royal court Humbert spent his youth.[16] King Robert, known as the Wise, skillfully developed Naples from a small port to a lavish city and had a reputation of a cultured man and a generous patron of the arts, friends with such great minds as Petrarch, Boccaccio, and Giotto.[17][16]

Such rich experience contributed to Humbert's intention to create a university in his own state, and to do so he visited Pope Benedict XII to get a papal bull of approval.

University Palace, now IUT Grenoble 1

Humbert cared deeply about his students, offering generous aid, protection, and even providing a hundred of them with free housing.[18] Humbert's financial losses during the Smyrniote crusades, Black Death, and Dauphiné's attachment to France have greatly decreased the activity of the university leading to its closure, since a small mountainous town couldn't support its activity on its own.[16]

It was reopened again by Louis XI of France in 1475 in Valence under the name University of Valence, while the original university was restored in Grenoble in 1542 by Francis de Bourbon, Count of St. Pol.[19] The two universities were finally reunited in 1565. At that point Grenoble was an important center of law practice in France, thus law practice was at the center of the university education.[20]

The French Revolution, with its focus on the end to inherited privilege, led to the suppression of most universities in France. To revolutionaries, universities embodied bastions of corporatism and established interests. Moreover, lands owned by the universities and utilized for their support represented a source of wealth and therefore were confiscated, just as property possessed by the Church.

Modern period (1800–1968)

Changing university logos
Université de Grenoble (1339-1970)
File:Université Grenoble Alpes.png
Université Grenoble Alpes (2016-2019)
Université Grenoble Alpes (since 2020)

In 1805–1808, Napoleon reestablished faculties of law, letters, and science. The Bourbon Restoration had temporarily suppressed the Faculty of Letters and the Faculty of Law, but by the 1850s the university's activity had begun rapidly developing again.[21]

The development of the sciences at the university was spearheaded by the transformation of Grenoble from a regional center to a major supplier of industrial motors and electrical equipment in 1880s.[21] The faculties were formally inaugurated as the University of Grenoble in 1879 in the newly constructed Place de Verdun.[22] There were around 3000 students in 1930. Significant enrollment growth in the 1960s created pressures on the academic infrastructure of the university; the library Suzanne Dobelmann helped expand facilities, especially those relating to science and medicine.[23]

Recent history (1968–present)

Following riots among university students in May 1968,[24] a reform of French education occurred. The Orientation Act (Loi d’Orientation de l’Enseignement Superieur) of 1968 divided the old faculties into smaller subject departments, decreased the power of the Ministry of National Education, and created smaller universities, with strengthened administrations.[25]

Thus, sharing the fate of all French universities in 1970s, the University of Grenoble was split into four institutions. Each university had different areas of concentration of study and the faculties were divided as follows:

Part of the ex-UPMF facilities

On 1 January 2016, the first three institutions reunited to restore the original common institution under the name Université Grenoble Alpes. Although Grenoble-INP remains separate, it is an active member of the Community Université Grenoble Alpes and cooperates very closely with the university not only in research projects, but also by sharing labs, offering mutual courses and training for students and researchers.[26][27]

On 1 January 2020, Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble-INP), together with Grenoble Institute of Political Studies, ENSAG School of Architecture, and Community Université Grenoble Alpes merged with the University Grenoble Alpes.[28]

Governance

The Université Grenoble Alpes is a public institution of scientific, cultural and professional relevance, which, similar to other universities in France. This means it is an "Établissement public à caractère scientifique, culturel et professionnel". It is governed by a board of directors and an academic council elected every four years. The president of the university is elected by the board of Directors after each renewal, and is eligible for re-election once. On 3 December 2015, staff and students from Joseph Fourier University, Pierre Mendès-France University, and Stendhal University voted to elect representatives to the central councils of the new university. On 7 January 2016, the Board of Directors of the Université Grenoble Alpes elected Lise Dumasy as president. It was the first time a woman has been elected to head a merged university in France.[29]

The university was one of the central members of the Community Université Grenoble Alpes, a COMUE under the presidency of Patrick Lévy. The association allowed the humanities and social sciences and natural and formal sciences to be represented in the governance of the entire university system of Grenoble.[30]

On January 1, 2020, the ComUE merged with the University, together with Grenoble Institute of Technology, Grenoble Institute of Political Studies, and Grenoble School of Architecture ENSAG. The merger was organized using the newlsy created legal form of "établissements expérimentaux" created by the French government to promote the development of leading national universities. [31] Yassine Lakhnech became the president of the newly merged university. [32]

Academics

University rankings
Université Grenoble Alpes
Global – Overall
ARWU World[33]99 (2020)
CWUR World
[34]
137 (2020)
QS World[35]342 (2021)
Reuters World[36]91 (2019)
THE World[37]301-350 (2020)
USNWR Global[38]205 (2020)
Central avenue on Main campus in Saint-Martin-d'Hères (autumn 2016).
Grenoble University Hospital Center (CHU)
Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience (GIN)

The Université Grenoble Alpes is made up of multiple departments, schools and institutes.[39]

  • Faculty of sciences
    • Department of Chemistry and Biology
    • IM2AG - Department in Computer Science, Mathematics and Applied Mathematics of Grenoble (IM2AG)
    • PhITEM - Department of Physics, Engineering, Earth & Environmental Sciences, Mechanics
    • OSUG - Grenoble Observatory for Sciences of the Universe
    • DLST - Department for undergraduate degree in sciences and technology
  • Grenoble INP
    • Ense3 - Engineering school in Energy, Water and Environmental sciences
    • Ensimag - Engineering school in Applied mathematics and Computer Science
    • Esisar - Engineering school in Advanced Systems and Networks
    • Génie industriel - School in Industrial engineering and Management
    • Pagora - Engineering school in Paper, Print media and Biomaterials
    • Phelma - Engineering school in Physics, Electronics and Materials Science
    • Grenoble IAE - Graduate School of Management
    • Polytech Grenoble - Polytechnic Engineering School
  • Faculty of humanities, health, sports, society (H3S)
    • ARSH - Department of arts and humanities
    • LE - Department of foreign languages
    • LLASIC - Department of Languages, Literature, Performing Arts, Information and Communication
    • SHS - Department of Humanities and Social Sciences
    • STAPS - Department of physical and sports activities
    • Faculty of Medicine
    • Faculty of Pharmacology
  • Faculties and departments outside of regrouping
    • Institute of Urban Planning and Alpine Geography (IUGA)
    • Grenoble Law School
    • Grenoble Faculty of Economics
  • Sciences Po Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Political Studies
  • ENSAG - Grenoble School of Architecture
  • University Institutes of Technology
    • IUT Grenoble 1 - University Institutes of Technology 1
    • IUT Grenoble 2 - University Institutes of Technology 2
    • IUT de Valence - Valence University Institutes of Technology
  • Transverse structures
    • DSDA - Drôme Ardèche Department of Sciences
    • CUEF - University Centre for French Studies
    • INSPE - Institute of Education and Teaching
    • SDL - Languages Office
    • Doctoral College

Research

Minatec complex

Covering all disciplinary fields, the Université Grenoble Alpes has 106 research departments spread out in six centres bringing together different types of organizations (joint research departments, host teams, platforms, etc.) in the same scientific field.[39]

  • Humanities and Social Science Centre (Pôle SHS)
  • Chemistry, Biology and Health Centre (Pôle CBS)
  • Mathematics, Information and Communication Sciences and Technologies Centre (Pôle MSTIC)
  • Particle Physics, Astrophysics, Geosciences, the Environment and Ecology Centre (Pôle PAGE)
  • Physics, Engineering and Materials Centre (Pôle PEM)
  • Social Sciences Centre (Pôle SS)

Multiple research labs are attached to the university. University Grenoble Alpes, though Grenoble INP, cofounded Minatec, an international center on micro-nano technologies, uniting over 3000 researchers and 1200 students. [40]

The university hosts one of 4 French national Institutes of Artificial Intelligence.[41]

PhD training is administered and governed by the Doctoral College, which regroups 13 doctoral schools.[42]

Notable people

UGA has a considerable number of notable alumni in several different fields, ranging from academics to political leaders, executives, and artists.

Politics

Many European politicians have studied law, economics, and languages in UGA, including: Reinhold Maier, Helene Weber, Walther Schreiber, Michel Destot, Louis Besson, Bernard Accoyer, Marlène Schiappa, Thierry Repentin, André Vallini and Geoffrey Acland.

Other political leaders include: Gaétan Barrette, Minister of Health and Social Services of Canada; Paul Kaba Thieba, Prime Minister of Burkina Faso; Abderrahmane Benkhalfa, Minister of Finance of Algeria; Hazem El Beblawi, Prime Minister of Egypt; Richard E. Hoagland, US Ambassador; Abdoulaye Wade, President of Senegal; Driss Basri, Interior Minister of Morocco; Ahmedou Ould-Abdallah, Ambassador for Mauritania; Şenkal Atasagun, Chief of the National Intelligence Organization of Turkey; Ignas Jonynas, Lithuanian diplomat; Bill Morneau, Canadian Minister of Finance; Souvanna Phouma, Prime Minister of Laos; Ali Al Shami, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Lebanon; Fathallah Sijilmassi, Moroccan politician and economist; Mohammed al-Dairi Minister of Foreign Affairs of Libya.

UGA alumni also include American journalist Warren D. Leary, French journalists Éric Conan, Olivier Galzi, Mélissa Theuriau Françoise Joly, Laurent Mauduit, Marc Dugain, Philippe Robinet, Caroline Roux, British Joanna Gosling and Safia Shah, and German Jona von Ustinov, who worked for MI5 during the time of the Nazi regime.

Among social activists who attended UGA, one could find Léo-Paul Lauzon, Léa Roback, Austin Mardon, and the former CEO of the Chicago Urban League James Compton.

Mathematics and sciences

Numerous prominent scientists have studied at the Université Grenoble Alpes since the development of the hydro-power in the region in 1880s. Prominent fields include physics, material sciences, and computer sciences with alumni like Yves Bréchet,[43] member of the French Academy of Sciences; Rajaâ Cherkaoui El Moursli,[44] who worked on the Higgs Boson discovery; Patrick Cousot,[45] French computer scientist; Joseph Sifakis, Turing Award laureate; Claude Boutron,[46] French glaciologist; Jean-Louis Coatrieux,[47] French researcher in medical imaging; Michel Cosnard,[48] French computer scientist; Paul Trendelenburg,[49] German pharmacologist; Yousef Saad,[50] computer scientist; Gérard Mourou Nobel Prize laureate, Maurice Nivat, Catherine Ritz,[51] French Antarctic researcher; Eric Goles, Chilean mathematician; Pierre Colmez, French mathematician; René Alphonse Higonnet,[52] French enPineer; Marlon Dumas, Honduran computer scientist; Claire Berger,[53] French physicist.

References

  1. ^ (in French) "BIOGRAPHIE". January 2020. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
  2. ^ (in French) Petitdemange, Amélie (September 2019). "Classements, attractivité… Pourquoi les universités et les écoles se regroupent". Retrieved 2 March 2020.
  3. ^ "ComUE - Les chiffres-clés de la Communauté Université Grenoble Alpes". www.communaute-univ-grenoble-alpes.fr.
  4. ^ "Opportunities".
  5. ^ Esposito, Mark (November 2011). "The Grenoble Cluster of Minalogic: France's most competitive pole?".
  6. ^ "Virgile Adam, PhD". Virgile Adam, PhD.
  7. ^ "La France lance officiellement ses quatre Instituts Interdisciplinaires d'Intelligence Artificielle". usinenouvelle.com (in French). 25 April 2019.
  8. ^ "ComUE - Université Grenoble Alpes continues to stand out in international rankings". www.communaute-univ-grenoble-alpes.fr. Archived from the original on 2016-12-25. Retrieved 2016-12-24.
  9. ^ Serraillier, Benoit. "ComUE - Communauté Université Grenoble Alpes - Accueil - nouvelle université". www.communaute-univ-grenoble-alpes.fr.
  10. ^ Daudigeos, Thibault; Valiorgue, Bertrand (2010-08-30). "Convention Theory : Is There A French School Of Organizational Institutionalism?". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  11. ^ "Reuters Top 100: The World's Most Innovative Universities - 2016". Reuters. 28 September 2017 – via Reuters.
  12. ^ https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/europe
  13. ^ "Europe's Most Innovative Universities". Reuters. 14 June 2017 – via Reuters.
  14. ^ Herbermann, Charles George; Pace, Edward Aloysius; Pallen, Condé Bénoist; Wynne, John Joseph; Shahan, Thomas Joseph (1 January 1913). "The Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church". Encyclopedia Press – via Google Books.
  15. ^ "Universities of Grenoble I, II, and III | university, Grenoble, France". Encyclopedia Britannica.
  16. ^ a b c Livre du centenaire de la faculté de droit: discours, études et documents. Typographie et lithographie Allier Frères. 1906. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
  17. ^ Kelly, Samantha, The New Solomon: Robert of Naples (1309-1343) and Fourteenth-Century Kingship, page 2 Google Books
  18. ^ Livre du centenaire de la faculté de droit: discours, études et documents. Typographie et lithographie Allier Frères. 1906. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
  19. ^ Chisholm, Hugh (1 January 1911). "The Encyclopedia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information". Encyclopedia Britannica Company – via Google Books.
  20. ^ Livre du centenaire de la faculté de droit: discours, études et documents. Typographie et lithographie Allier Frères. 1906. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
  21. ^ a b Nye, Mary Jo (1 January 1986). Science in the Provinces: Scientific Communities and Provincial Leadership in France, 1860-1930. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520055612 – via Google Books.
  22. ^ Alpes, Université Grenoble. "Accueil". Archived from the original on 2010-01-14. Retrieved 2011-02-10.
  23. ^ Louis, Desgraves (1994). "Suzanne Kravtchenko-Dobelmann (1905-1993)". Bibliothèque de l'École des Chartes (in French). 152 (2).
  24. ^ "France". the Guardian. Retrieved 21 June 2015.
  25. ^ "Projet de loi relatif aux libertés des universités". Retrieved 21 June 2015.
  26. ^ "L'histoire de l'Université Grenoble Alpes".
  27. ^ "Université Grenoble-Alpes : ce que va changer la fusion Source : article Université Grenoble-Alpes : ce que va changer la fusion". Place Gre'net.
  28. ^ "2020: New year, new Université Grenoble Alpes".
  29. ^ "Lise Dumasy élue à la tête de l'Université Grenoble Alpes". January 12, 2016.
  30. ^ "SI ON PARLAIT - 25 janvier 2016 - Si On Parlait - TéléGrenoble". www.telegrenoble.net.
  31. ^ {{cite web|url=https://www.letudiant.fr/educpros/enquetes/classements-attractivite-pourquoi-les-universites-et-les-ecoles-se-regroupent.html%7Ctitle=Classements, attractivité… Pourquoi les universités et les écoles se regroupent
  32. ^ "Biographie".
  33. ^ "ARWU 2020".
  34. ^ "CWUR 2020".
  35. ^ "QS World Ranking 20212020".
  36. ^ "Reuters World Most Innovative Universities 2019".
  37. ^ "THE 2020".
  38. ^ "USNWR 2020".
  39. ^ a b "Departments, schools and institutes". Université Grenoble Alpes.
  40. ^ "Minatec Salle de presse".
  41. ^ "La France lance officiellement ses quatre Instituts Interdisciplinaires d'Intelligence Artificielle". usinenouvelle.com (in French). 25 April 2019.
  42. ^ "Research Organization".
  43. ^ "Biographie". www.college-de-france.fr.
  44. ^ "Biographie R. Cherkaoui". www.um5a.ac.ma. Archived from the original on 2015-04-10.
  45. ^ "Patrick Cousot". www.di.ens.fr.
  46. ^ Hoffmann, Ilire Hasani, Robert. "Academy of Europe: CV". www.ae-info.org.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  47. ^ "LTSI : Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image - LTSI". www.ltsi.univ-rennes1.fr.
  48. ^ "Michel COSNARD: biographie et actualités sur EducPros". www.letudiant.fr.
  49. ^ Lammers, Wim J. E. P.; Lammers-Van Den Berg, Anne Marijke; Morrison, John F. B.; Petroianu, Georg A. (2006). "Translating Trendelenburg; back to the future". Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology. 373 (2): 134–138. doi:10.1007/s00210-006-0051-8. PMID 16557377.
  50. ^ http://www-users.cs.umn.edu/~saad/RES.pdf
  51. ^ "Catherine Ritz élue vice-présidente du SCAR [fr]". www.ige-grenoble.fr.
  52. ^ HIGONNET, René Alphonse (1902 - 1983)
  53. ^ cb299 (19 February 2015). "cb299".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  54. ^ "Gérard Mourou Facts". www.nobelprize.org.
  55. ^ "Payload Specialist Bio: Favier (08/1996)". www.jsc.nasa.gov.
  56. ^ "Dr. Charles Elachi". 22 October 2015. Archived from the original on 22 October 2015.
  57. ^ "Joseph Sifakis - A.M. Turing Award Winner". amturing.acm.org.
  58. ^ Williams, Ruth (2010). "Alim-Louis Benabid: Stimulation and serendipity". The Lancet Neurology. 9 (12): 1152. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70291-X. PMID 21087740.
  59. ^ (In French) "Aurélien Barrau : "Il faut absolument être alarmiste"". www.nationalgeographic.fr.

45°11′22″N 5°46′12″E / 45.18944°N 5.77000°E / 45.18944; 5.77000

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grenoble_Alpes_University&oldid=996114504"