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Killing of Osama bin Laden

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Killing of Osama bin Laden is located in Pakistan
Abbottabad
Abbottabad
Islamabad
Islamabad
class=notpageimage|
Map showing Abbottabad (in green), where bin Laden was killed, and the Pakistani capital of Islamabad (in red). Abbottabad is 32 miles (51 km) north of Islamabad.

The death of Osama bin Laden was reported on Monday, May 2, 2011, at approximately 02:30 UTC.[1] U.S. military forces shot and killed Osama bin Laden after a 40-minute firefight in Abbottabad, Pakistan, and then seized his body.[2][3][4][5] The operation was carried out by 25 U.S. Navy Seals under the command of the Joint Special Operations Command forces in Pakistan working with the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).

After careful monitoring of a compound suspected to be bin Laden's Pakistani residence, U.S. military forces were sent across the border of Afghanistan to launch the attack.[6] Pakistani officials confirmed that bin Laden was killed in Pakistan by the U.S. military.[7]

The body was recovered by the U.S. military and was in its possession.[6][8] ABC News has reported that the body has been identified by DNA testing.[6] However, Reuters reports that DNA test results will be available in the next few days and that bin Laden's body was identified using facial recognition techniques.[9]

Locating Osama bin Laden

American intelligence officials discovered the whereabouts of Osama bin Laden by tracking one of his couriers. Information was collected from Guantánamo Bay detainees, who gave intelligence officers the courier's pseudonym and said that he was a protégé of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed. In 2007, U.S. officials discovered the courier's real name and in 2009, where he lived. In August 2010, the courier's compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan, was located. Using satellite photos and intelligence reports, the CIA surmised the inhabitants of the mansion. In September, the CIA concluded that bin Laden's residence there was very likely,[10][11] and that it was "custom built to hide someone of significance." Officials guessed that he was with his youngest wife.[11]

Built in 2005, the million-dollar three-story[12] mansion was located on an "imposing hilltop" on the outer bounds of the city,[10] and had high security. About eight times the size of nearby houses, it was surrounded by 3.7 to 5.5 metres (12 to 18 ft)[11] concrete walls with barbed wire.[10] There were two security gates, and the third-floor balcony had a 2.1 metres (6.9 ft) high privacy wall.[12] Residents burned their trash, unlike their neighbors, who simply set it out for collection. The compound lacked Internet and phone service connections.[11]

President Obama met with his security advisors on March 14, 2011, in the first of five security meetings over six weeks. On April 29, at 8:20 a.m., Obama convened with Thomas Donilon, John O. Brennan, and other security advisors in the Diplomatic Room, where he authorized a raid of the Abbottabad compound. Pakistan was not informed of this decision.[10]

Raid

The raid was carried out jointly by 20–25 helicopter-borne United States Navy SEALs under the command of the Joint Special Operations Command in cooperation with the CIA. While the operation was conducted entirely by the U.S. forces,[13] as per Pakistan foreign ministry, Pakistan ISI officials were also present at the time of operation,[14] and have called it a joint operation.[15]

The SEALs stormed the compound at approximately 1am local time[16] and engaged bin Laden and his men in a firefight.[17] The raid lasted about 40 minutes. Three other male adults present at the compound were also reportedly killed in the operation, including an adult son of bin Laden.[18] Bin Laden was shot in the head.[19] The helicopter they used to breach the mansion walls suffered a mechanical breakdown and could not fly the soldiers out. The SEALs burned the helicopter to secure intelligence[11] and carried out bin Laden's body on foot.[20]

The other two males were reported to be couriers for bin Laden. A woman was also reported killed in the operation; according to an unnamed U.S. official, one of the adult males had tried to use her as a human shield.[21] Two other women were injured.[22] Karachi's Geo News described a helicopter crash and "heavy firing" on the evening of May 1 "near the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) Kakul Road".[23]

The raid was executed without the knowledge or consent of the Pakistani authorities.[21]

According to a U.S. official on May 2, bin Laden's body was handled in accordance with Islamic practice and tradition,[24] and was buried at sea soon after death, in accordance with Islamic tradition.[25][26][27]

Aftermath

An unnamed Pakistani government official confirmed to Agence France-Presse on May 2 that bin Laden was killed in the operation.[28] The Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan issued a statement on May 2 denying that bin Laden had been killed.[29] Hours later, Pakistani Taliban spokesman Ehsanullah Ehsan said that if bin Laden had, in fact, been martyred, it was, "a great victory for us because martyrdom is the aim of all of us" and vowed to take revenge on Pakistan and the United States.[30]

Bin Laden's body was buried at sea less than a day after his death; a short time between death and burial is an aspect of Islamic tradition. A burial at sea also leaves no definitive location, thus preventing a burial site from becoming a "terrorist shrine".[31]

Reactions

United States

Presidential address

President Obama's address

Late in the evening of May 1, 2011, major American news organizations were informed that the president would give an important speech on an undisclosed subject. Rumors spread wildly about the subject,[32] until it was revealed that Obama was to announce the death of Osama bin Laden. At 11:30 p.m. EDT (May 2, 2011, 3:30 UTC), President Barack Obama confirmed this and said that bin Laden had been killed by "a small team of Americans".[33] He explained how the killing of bin Laden was achieved after following up on a lead from August 2010, what his role was in the series of events, and what the death of bin Laden meant on a symbolic and practical level.

Today, at my direction, the United States launched a targeted operation against that compound, in Abbottabad, Pakistan. A small team of Americans carried out the operation with extraordinary courage and capability. No Americans were harmed. They took care to avoid civilian casualties. After a firefight, they killed Osama bin Laden and took custody of his body.

— President Barack Obama, May 1, 2011[34]
Americans reacting to the death of Osama bin Laden in front of the White House.

Other reactions from the U.S.

Within minutes of the official announcement, crowds gathered spontaneously outside the White House, Ground Zero, the Pentagon and in New York's Times Square to celebrate.[4] In Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit with a large Muslim and Arab population, a small crowd gathered outside the City Hall in celebration, many of them being of Middle Eastern descent.[35] From the beginning to the end of Obama's speech, 4,000 tweets per second were sent on Twitter.[36] Fans attending a nationally-televised Major League Baseball game between the Philadelphia Phillies and the New York Mets at Citizens Bank Park initiated U-S-A! cheers in response to the news.[37] Likewise, at WWE Extreme Rules 2011; a pay-per-view broadcast emanating from the St. Pete Times Forum in Tampa, Florida, newly crowned WWE Champion John Cena announced the news to the audience following the event's conclusion, resulting in a massive "U-S-A!" chant from the crowd.[38]

Former President George W. Bush said that "This momentous achievement marks a victory for America, for people who seek peace around the world, and for all those who lost loved ones on September 11, 2001."[39] The event was also applauded by other Republican leaders, including former Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney, former Minnesota governor Tim Pawlenty and Senator John McCain.[40] Former President Bill Clinton described it as "a profoundly important moment for people all over the world who want to build a common future of peace, freedom, and cooperation for our children."[41] New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg said that he hoped the death of bin Laden "would comfort those who lost loved ones" in the September 11, 2001 attacks.[42] Former National Security Advisor and Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice characterized the news as "Absolutely thrilling", adding that she was "overwhelmed with gratitude and continue[s] to be amazed at what our military has achieved."[43]

Pakistan

Following the death of bin Laden, President Asif Ali Zardari convened emergency talks with Prime Minister Yousuf Raza Gilani and security chiefs in Islamabad.[44] Some[who?] in Pakistan reacted with shock at the "illegal incursion and extrajudicial killing by alien forces in their sovereign territory".[45][failed verification] Pakistan's military officials declined to comment, referring questions to the foreign ministry.[46] Prime Minister of Pakistan Yousaf Raza Gillani has stated "We will not allow our soil to be used against any other country for terrorism and therefore I think it's a great victory, it's a success and I congratulate the success of this operation."[47]

International

  •  Afghanistan – President of Afghanistan Hamid Karzai, speaking on the death of bin Laden has said, “It’s wonderful. It’s great news,” elaborating that bin Laden has "been one of the key enemies of humanity, civilization, and it’s really been a major problem for the human race."[48] He emphasized that "Afghanistan was right" in saying that "the fighting against terrorism is not in the villages of Afghanistan, not among the poor people of Afghanistan", but in "safe havens"[49], and called on the Taliban to lay down their arms.
  •  Australia – Prime Minister Julia Gillard welcomed news of bin Laden's death, saying "Osama bin Laden declared war on innocent people and today he has paid the price for that declaration."[50] She also said it was "a small measure of justice",[51] but stated that the "War on Terror is not over", and "must be continued".[52]
  •  Austria – Austrian Foreign Minister Michael Spindelegger welcomed the news, calling it "a relief for many people", but warned that it must not be interpreted as a "final victory over terrorism."[53]
  •  Canada – Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper said that the death of Osama bin Laden "secures a sense of justice for the families of the 24 Canadians murdered" (on September 11, 2001) and said that "Canada receives the news of the death of Osama bin Laden with sober satisfaction."[54]
  •  Czech Republic – Czech Prime Minister Petr Nečas said that "the death of Osama bin Laden is a significant milestone in the fight against terrorism, in the effort to secure world, though it is not far from its end. It is an important symbolic message to the survivors of victims of terrorist attacks by Al Qaeda and a clear signal to all parties without respect for law and human lives anywhere in the world: destroyed human life can not be replaced, but its marred don't stay unpunished."[55]
  •  European Union – the President of the European Parliament, Jerzy Buzek said, "We have woken up in a more secure world."[56]
  •  France - French Foreign Minister Alain Juppé said on state radio that bin Laden's death is a "victory for all democracies fighting the abominable scourge of terrorism." He went on to say, "France, the United States and European states work closely together to fight terrorism, so I'm overjoyed at the news."[57]
  •  Germany – German Foreign Minister Guido Westerwelle said, "That a stop could be put to this terrorist's bloody trade is good news for all peace-loving and free-thinking people in the world."[58]
  •  Hungary - Hungarian Foreign Minister Janos Martonyi said, "The death of Osama Bin Laden is a major success in the war on international terrorism, but it doesn't mean the end of this war. A very important and determined enemy of our entire civilization has fallen."[59]
  •  India – Minister for Home Affairs P. Chidambaram said that Osama bin Laden hiding "deep inside" Pakistan was a matter of grave concern for India and showed that "many of the perpetrators of the Mumbai terror attacks, including the controllers and the handlers of the terrorists who actually carried out the attack, continue to be sheltered in Pakistan." He also called on Pakistan to arrest them.[60]
  •  Iran - Alaeddin Boroujerdi, head of the Iranian Parliament's foreign policy commission, stated, "If it is true, then the killing of bin Laden 10 years after the September 11 incident is no big deal."[61]
  •  Israel – Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said that bin Laden's death was a "resounding triumph for democratic nations fighting terrorism."[62]
  •  Italy – Prime Minister of Italy Silvio Berlusconi said of bin Laden's killing "This is a great outcome in the fight against evil, in the fight against terrorism, a great outcome for the United States and for all democracies."[47]
  •  Japan - the Foreign Minister of Japan, Takeaki Matsumoto said, "I pay respect to the US officials concerned. While his death was confirmed, it does not mean that terrorism was eliminated."[63]
  •  Kenya – Kenyan Prime Minister Raila Odinga said "It's a major achievement in the war against terrorism."[64]
  •  Libya - Libyan rebel Air Force Colonel Ahmed Omar Bani stated that "We are very happy and we are waiting for the next step. We want the Americans to do the same to Gaddafi.[65]"
  •  Malaysia – Home Minister Hishammuddin Hussein says he hopes that the death of bin Laden would help bring universal peace and harmony.[66]
  •  NATO – NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen says the killing of Bin Laden is a "significant success" for the security of NATO allies, Reuters reports.[67]
  •  New Zealand – New Zealand Prime Minister John Key stated that "the world is a safer place without Osama bin Laden", but "bin Laden's death may not mean an end to terrorism".[68]
  •  Netherlands – Dutch Prime Minister Mark Rutte praises the courage and the determination that people showed during the mission. He further says that this is a major blow to the Al-Queda network. He has presented his compliments to President Obama but also said this is not the end of terrorism.[69]
  •  Norway – Norwegian Foreign Minister Jonas Gahr Støre called the death of Osama bin Laden "a break-through in the fight against terror," but insisted that the threat from al-Qaida remained.[70]
  •  Palestinian Authority – "Getting rid of Bin Laden is good for the cause of peace worldwide but what counts is to overcome the discourse and the methods — the violent methods — that were created and encouraged by Bin Laden and others in the world," said spokesman Ghassan Khatib.[67]
  •  Poland – The Ministry of Foreign Affairs said, "Justice may be done. Congratulations to Allies. We are pleased with the American people."[71]
  •  Philippines – The Philippine National Police described bin Laden's death as "a victory for all peace loving citizens and a major blow to terrorists and terrorism." Authorities in the Philippines believe that there are people who are linked to bin Laden's al-Qaeda network and may commit a retaliation attack.[72]
  •  Russia – "Russia was among the first countries to face the dangers inherent in global terrorism, and unfortunately knows what al Qaeda is not from hearsay," the Kremlin said. "Retribution will inevitably reach all terrorists." [73]
  •  Singapore – The Ministry of Foreign Affairs said, "the killing of Osama bin Laden [...] is a significant milestone in the struggle against international terrorism."[74]
  •  Sweden – Swedish Foreign Minister Carl Bildt wrote a tweet saying that "A world without Osama Bin Laden is a better world. His hatred was a threat to us all."[75]
  •  Turkey – President Abdullah Gul said that bin Laden's death "should teach a lesson that the leader of the world's most dangerous and sophisticated terrorist organization is captured this way."[58]
  •  United Kingdom – Prime Minister David Cameron said that bin Laden's death would "bring great relief" around the Western world.[62]
  •  Vatican City - Vatican spokesman Fr. Federico Lombardi said that while Christians "do not rejoice" over a death, bin Laden's death serves to remind them of "each person's responsibility before God and men," expressing hope that bin Laden's death "would not be an occasion for more hate, but for peace." The Vatican went on to say that Osama bin Laden must answer to God for having killed an innumerable number of people and exploiting religion.[76]
  •  Yemen – A government official described bin Laden' death as "a truly historic moment". "We welcome the news ... millions of people will sleep in peace tonight, Osama bin Laden was more of a symbolic figure, a spiritual leader for al Qaeda. But this is definitely a strong blow to the organization," said the official, who did not want to be named because he is not authorized to talk to the media." [73]

See also

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References

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