Lipid metabolism
Lipid metabolism is the synthesis and degradation of lipids in cells.
Lipid metabolism is the break down or storage of fats for energy; these fats are obtained from consuming food and absorbing them or they are synthesized by an animal's liver.[1] Lipid metabolism does exist in plants, though the processes differ in some ways when compared to animals.[2] Lipogenesis is the process of synthesizing these fats.[3][4] Lipid metabolism often begins with hydrolysis,[5][6] which occurs when a chemical breaks down as a reaction to coming in contact with water.[3] Since lipids (fats) are hydrophobic, hydrolysis in lipid metabolism occurs in the cytoplasm which ends up creating glycerol and fatty acids.[3][4] Due to the hydrophobic nature of lipids they require special transport proteins known as lipoproteins, which are hydrophilic.[1] Lipoproteins are categorized by their density levels.[1] The varying densities between the types of lipoproteins are characteristic to what type of fats they transport.[1] A number of these lipoproteins are synthesized in the liver, but not all of them originate from this organ.[1]
Lipid Metabolism Disorders are illnesses where trouble occurs in breaking down or synthesizing fats (or fat-like substances)[7]. A good deal of the time these disorders are hereditary, meaning it's a condition that is passed along from parent to child through their genes.[7] Gaucher's Disease (Type I, Type II, and Type III), Neimann-Pick Disease, Tay-sachs Disease, and Fabry's Disease are all diseases where those afflicted can have a disorder of their body's lipid metabolism.[8] Rarer diseases concerning a disorder of the lipid metabolism are Sitosterolemia, Wolman's Disease, Refsum's Disease, and Cerebrotendinous Xanthomatosis.[8]
The types of lipids involved in Lipid Metabolism include:
- Bile salts
- Cholesterols
- Eicosanoids
- Glycolipids
- Ketone bodies
- Fatty acids - see also fatty acid metabolism
- Phospholipids
- Sphingolipids
- Steroid - see also steroidogenesis
- Triacylglycerols (fats) - see also lipolysis and lipogenesis
External links
- Lipid+metabolism at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Ophardt, Charles E. (2003) Lipid Catabolism Summary. Virtual Chembook. Elmhurst College.
- King, Michael W. Fatty Acid, Omega-3 and Omega-6 Fatty Acid, Triglyceride, and Phospholipid Synthesis and Metabolism. The Medical Biochemistry Page.
- Breaking news and clinical trials about Lipid and Metabolism
- [1] in Lipid Metabolism and Sites of Action of Lipid-Modifying Drugs (Not Statins)
Metabolism map | ||
|---|---|---|
 Single lines: pathways common to most lifeforms. Double lines: pathways not in humans (occurs in e.g. plants, fungi, prokaryotes).  Orange nodes: carbohydrate metabolism.  Violet nodes: photosynthesis.  Red nodes: cellular respiration.  Pink nodes: cell signaling.  Blue nodes: amino acid metabolism.  Grey nodes: vitamin and cofactor metabolism.  Brown nodes: nucleotide and protein metabolism.  Green nodes: lipid metabolism. | ||
![[1]](http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-We7m4dLtcgs/Uh4KZ0g8BpI/AAAAAAAAA9c/acoC-pLTHFc/s1600/Lipid-metabolism-and-sites-.gif){kind=link}
References
- ^ a b c d e "Overview of Lipid Metabolism". Merck Manuals Professional Edition. Retrieved 2016-11-01.
- ^ "Reviewed Work: Plant Lipid Biochemistry". The New Phytologist. 71. May 1972.
- ^ a b c "Hydrolysis - Chemistry Encyclopedia - structure, reaction, water, proteins, examples, salt, molecule". www.chemistryexplained.com. Retrieved 2016-11-01.
- ^ a b Freifelder, David (1987). Molecular Biology, 2nd edition. Boston: Jones and Bartlett.
- ^ "Lipid Metabolism Summary". chemistry.elmhurst.edu. Retrieved 2016-11-01.
- ^ Ophardt, Charles (2003). "Virtual Chembook Elmhurst College". http://chemistry.elmhurst.edu/vchembook/622overview.html.
{{cite web}}: External link in|website= - ^ a b "Lipid Metabolism Disorders: MedlinePlus". Retrieved 2016-11-20.
- ^ a b "Disorders of Lipid Metabolism". Merck Manuals Consumer Version. Retrieved 2016-11-20.
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