List of prime ministers of France
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The Prime Minister of France is the head of the Government of France.
During earlier periods of French history, the French head of government was known by different titles. Most recently, during the Second, Third and Fourth Republics, the Head of Government was called President of the Council of Ministers (Président du Conseil des Ministres), generally shortened to President of the Council (Président du Conseil).
Kingdom of France (843–1792)
Under the Kingdom of France, there was no official title for the leader of the government. The chief ministers (principal ministres) of certain Kings of France nonetheless led the government de facto.
First French Republic (1792–1804)
During the First Republic, the arrangements for governance changed frequently:
- National Convention (20 September 1792 – 2 November 1795)
- with Maximilien Robespierre as leading member of the Convention's Committee of Public Safety (27 July 1793 – 27 July 1794)
- Directory (2 November 1795 – 10 November 1799)
- Consulate (10 November 1799 – 18 May 1804), with Napoleon Bonaparte as First Consul
There was no individual head of government.
First French Empire (1804–1814)
As Emperor, Napoleon was both head of state and head of government.
Portrait | Name | Term of office | Political Party | Emperor (Reign) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
style="background:Template:Bonapartist/meta/color;"| | ![]() |
Position vacant (absolute rule by Napoleon I) |
1 | 18 May 1804 | 1 April 1814 | Bonapartist | Napoleon I![]() (1804–1814) |
First Restoration (1814–1815)
Portrait | Name | Term of office | Political Party | King (Reign) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color;"| | ![]() |
Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (1754–1838) (as President of the Council) |
1 | 1 April 1814 | 13 May 1814 | Independent | Louis XVIII![]() (1814–1815) |
Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (1754–1838) (as Foreign Minister) |
2 | 13 May 1814 | 19 March 1815 |
Hundred Days (1815)
As Emperor, Napoleon was both head of state and head of government. Upon Napoleon's abdication, his son Napoleon II was named Emperor. This rule was nominal, and Napoleon II remained in Austria throughout his nominal reign.
Portrait | Name | Term of office | Political Party | Emperor (Reign) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
style="background:Template:Bonapartist/meta/color;"| | ![]() |
Position vacant (absolute rule by Napoleon I) |
2 | 20 March 1815 | 22 June 1815 | Bonapartist | Napoleon I![]() (1815) |
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color;"| | ![]() |
Joseph Fouché (1759–1820) (as President of the Executive Commission) |
• | 22 June 1815 | 7 July 1815 | Independent | Napoleon II![]() (1815) |
Bourbon Restoration (1815–1830)
Presidents of the Council of Ministers
- Political parties
Independent
Ultra-royalists
Doctrinaires
July Monarchy (1830–1848)
Presidents of the Council of Ministers
- Political parties
Independent
Orléanist
Doctrinaires/Movement Party
Resistance Party
Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | Legislature (Election) |
King (Reign) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Orleanist/meta/color; color:white;"| | — | Position vacant (government led by Louis Philippe I) |
0 | 1 August 1830 | 2 November 1830 | (Orléanist) | I (1830) | Louis Philippe I![]() (1830–1848) |
1 | ||||||||
style="background:Template:Orleanist/meta/color;"| | ![]() |
Jacques Laffitte (1767–1844) |
• | 2 November 1830 | 13 March 1831 | Orléanist | ||
style="background:Template:Resistance Party (France)/meta/color;"| | ![]() |
Casimir Pierre Périer (1777–1832) |
• | 13 March 1831 | 16 May 1832 | Resistance Party | II (1831) | |
style="background:Template:Orleanist/meta/color;"| | ![]() |
Jean-de-Dieu Soult (1769–1851) |
1 | 11 October 1832 | 18 July 1834 | Orléanist | ||
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color;"| | ![]() |
Étienne Maurice Gérard (1773–1852) |
• | 18 July 1834 | 10 November 1834 | Independent | III (1834) | |
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color;"| | ![]() |
Hugues-Bernard Maret (1763–1839) |
• | 10 November 1834 | 18 November 1834 | Independent | ||
style="background:Template:Resistance Party (France)/meta/color;"| | ![]() |
Édouard Mortier (1768–1835) |
• | 18 November 1834 | 12 March 1835 | Resistance Party | ||
style="background:Template:Resistance Party (France)/meta/color;"| | ![]() |
Victor de Broglie (1785–1870) |
• | 12 March 1835 | 22 February 1836 | Resistance Party | ||
style="background:Template:Movement Party (France)/meta/color;"| | Adolphe Thiers (1797–1877) |
1 | 22 February 1836 | 6 September 1836 | Movement Party | |||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Resistance Party (France)/meta/color;"| | Louis-Mathieu Molé (1781–1855) |
1 | 6 September 1836 | 31 March 1839 | Resistance Party | |||
2 | IV (1837) | |||||||
style="background:Template:Orleanist/meta/color; color:white;"| | — | Position vacant (government led by Louis Philippe I) |
2 | 31 March 1839 | 12 May 1839 | (Orléanist) | ||
style="background:Template:Resistance Party (France)/meta/color;"| | ![]() |
Jean-de-Dieu Soult (1769–1851) |
2 | 12 May 1839 | 1 March 1840 | Resistance Party | V (1839) | |
style="background:Template:Movement Party (France)/meta/color;"| | Adolphe Thiers (1797–1877) |
2 | 1 March 1840 | 29 October 1840 | Movement Party | |||
style="background:Template:Resistance Party (France)/meta/color;"| | ![]() |
Jean-de-Dieu Soult (1769–1851) |
3 | 29 October 1840 | 19 September 1847 | Resistance Party | VI (1842) | |
style="background:Template:Resistance Party (France)/meta/color;"| | ![]() |
François Guizot (1787–1874) |
• | 19 September 1847 | 23 February 1848 | Resistance Party | VII (1846) | |
style="background:Template:Resistance Party (France)/meta/color;"| | Louis-Mathieu Molé (1781–1855) |
23 February 1848 | 24 February 1848 | Resistance Party |
Second French Republic (1848–1852)
Presidents of the Council of Ministers
- Political parties
Moderate Republican
Party of Order
Bonapartist
Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | Legislature (Election) |
President (Term) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
style="background:Template:Moderate Republicans (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|1 | ![]() |
Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure (1767–1855) |
• | 24 February 1848 | 9 May 1848 | Moderate Republican | Const. (1848) |
rowspan=3 style="background:Template:Moderate Republicans (France)/meta/color;" | | Himself de facto (Provisional) |
style="background:Template:Moderate Republicans (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|2 | ![]() |
François Arago (1786–1853) |
• | 10 May 1848 | 24 June 1848 | Moderate Republican | Executive Commission | ||
style="background:Template:Moderate Republicans (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|3 | Louis-Eugène Cavaignac (1802–1857) |
• | 28 June 1848 | 20 December 1848 | Moderate Republican | Himself de facto (Martial Law) | |||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Party of Order/meta/color; color:white;"|4 | ![]() |
Odilon Barrot (1791–1873) |
1 | 20 December 1848 | 31 October 1849 | Party of Order | rowspan=8 style="background:Template:Bonapartist/meta/color;" |1 | Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte![]() (1848–1852) | |
2 | Leg. (1849) | ||||||||
style="background:Template:Party of Order/meta/color; color:white;"|5 | ![]() |
Alphonse Henri, comte d'Hautpoul (1789–1865) |
• | 31 October 1849 | 24 January 1851 | Party of Order | |||
style="background:Template:Bonapartist/meta/color; color:white;"| | — | Position vacant (government led by Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte) |
• | 24 January 1851 | 10 April 1851 | (Bonapartist) | |||
style="background:Template:Party of Order/meta/color; color:white;"|6 | Léon Faucher (1803–1854) |
• | 10 April 1851 | 26 October 1851 | Party of Order | ||||
rowspan=3 style="background:Template:Bonapartist/meta/color; color:white;"| | — | Position vacant (government led by Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte) |
0 | 26 October 1851 | 2 December 1852 | (Bonapartist) | |||
1 | |||||||||
2 |
Second French Empire (1852–1870)
Cabinet Chiefs
- Political parties
Independent
Bonapartist
Liberal Bonapartist
Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | Legislature (Election) |
Emperor (Reign) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rowspan=4 style="background:Template:Bonapartist/meta/color; color:white;"| | ![]() |
Position vacant (absolute rule by Napoleon III) |
3 | 2 December 1852 | 27 December 1869 | (Bonapartist) | I (1852) | Napoleon III![]() (1852–1870) |
II (1857) | ||||||||
III (1863) | ||||||||
4 | IV (1869) | |||||||
![]() |
Émile Ollivier (1825–1913) |
• | 2 January 1870 | 9 August 1870 | Liberal Bonapartist | |||
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:white;"| | ![]() |
Charles Cousin-Montauban (1796–1878) |
• | 9 August 1870 | 4 September 1870 | Independent |
Third French Republic (1870–1940)
President of the Government of National Defense
Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party | Legislature (Election) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
style="background:Template:Military Rule/meta/color; color:white;"| | ![]() |
Louis-Jules Trochu (1815–1896) |
• | 4 September 1870 | 22 January 1871 | Military | None |
Presidents of the Council of Ministers
- Political Parties
Independent
Monarchists (Legitimist/Orleanist)
Republican Left/Democratic Union
Republican Union
Radical-Socialist Party
Liberal Republican Union
Democratic Republican Alliance
Republican-Socialist Party
French Section of the Workers' International
Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party (Political Coalition) |
Legislature (Election) |
President (Term) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color;"|6 | ![]() |
Jules Armand Dufaure (1798–1881) |
1 | 19 February 1871 | 24 May 1873 | Independent | National Assembly (1871) | rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Miscellaneous Right/meta/color;" |2 | Adolphe Thiers (1871–1873) |
2 | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Miscellaneous Right/meta/color; color:white;"|7 | File:Anonymous photograph of Albert, (4th) Duke of Broglie.jpg | Albert, duc de Broglie (1821–1901) |
1 | 25 May 1873 | 22 May 1874 | Monarchist | rowspan=10 style="background:Template:Miscellaneous Right/meta/color;" |3 | Patrice de Mac Mahon![]() (1873–1879) | |
2 | |||||||||
style="background:Template:Miscellaneous Right/meta/color;"|8 | ![]() |
Ernest Courtot de Cissey (1810–1882) |
• | 22 May 1874 | 10 March 1875 | Monarchist | |||
style="background:Template:Miscellaneous Right/meta/color; color:white;"|9 | ![]() |
Louis Buffet (1818–1898) |
• | 10 March 1875 | 23 February 1876 | Monarchist | |||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color;"|6 | ![]() |
Jules Armand Dufaure (1798–1881) |
3 | 23 February 1876 | 12 December 1876 | Republican Left | |||
4 | |||||||||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|10 | ![]() |
Jules Simon (1814–1896) |
• | 12 December 1876 | 17 May 1877 | Republican Left | I (1876) | ||
style="background:Template:Miscellaneous Right/meta/color; color:white;"|7 | File:Anonymous photograph of Albert, (4th) Duke of Broglie.jpg | Albert, duc de Broglie (1821–1901) |
3 | 17 May 1877 | 23 November 1877 | Monarchist | |||
style="background:Template:Miscellaneous Right/meta/color; color:white;"|11 | ![]() |
Gaëtan de Rochebouët (1813–1899) |
• | 23 November 1877 | 13 December 1877 | Monarchist | II (1877) | ||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color;"|6 | ![]() |
Jules Armand Dufaure (1798–1881) |
5 | 13 December 1877 | 4 February 1879 | Republican Left | |||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color;"|12 | ![]() |
William Waddington (1826–1894) |
• | 4 February 1879 | 28 December 1879 | Republican Left | rowspan=12 style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color;" |4 | Jules Grévy![]() (1879–1887) | |
style="background:Template:Republican Union (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|13 | ![]() |
Charles de Freycinet (1828–1923) |
1 | 28 December 1879 | 23 September 1880 | Republican Union | |||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|14 | ![]() |
Jules Ferry (1832–1893) |
1 | 23 September 1880 | 14 November 1881 | Republican Left | |||
style="background:Template:Republican Union (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|15 | ![]() |
Léon Gambetta (1838–1882) |
• | 14 November 1881 | 30 January 1882 | Republican Union | III (1881) | ||
style="background:Template:Republican Union (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|13 | ![]() |
Charles de Freycinet (1828–1923) |
2 | 30 January 1882 | 7 August 1882 | Republican Union | |||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|16 | ![]() |
Charles Duclerc (1812–1888) |
• | 7 August 1882 | 29 January 1883 | Republican Left | |||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|17 | ![]() |
Armand Fallières (1841–1931) |
• | 29 January 1883 | 21 February 1883 | Republican Left | |||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|14 | ![]() |
Jules Ferry (1832–1893) |
2 | 21 February 1883 | 6 April 1885 | Republican Left | |||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|18 | ![]() |
Henri Brisson (1835–1912) |
1 | 6 April 1885 | 7 January 1886 | Democratic Union | |||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|13 | ![]() |
Charles de Freycinet (1828–1923) |
3 | 7 January 1886 | 16 December 1886 | Democratic Union | IV (1885) | ||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|19 | ![]() |
René Goblet (1828–1905) |
• | 16 December 1886 | 30 May 1887 | Radical Republican | |||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|20 | ![]() |
Maurice Rouvier (1842–1911) |
1 | 30 May 1887 | 12 December 1887 | Democratic Union | |||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|21 | ![]() |
Pierre Tirard (1827–1893) |
1 | 12 December 1887 | 3 April 1888 | Democratic Union | rowspan=10 style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color;" |5 | Marie François Sadi Carnot![]() (1887–1894) | |
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|22 | ![]() |
Charles Floquet (1828–1896) |
• | 3 April 1888 | 22 February 1889 | Democratic Union | |||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|21 | ![]() |
Pierre Tirard (1827–1893) |
2 | 22 February 1889 | 17 March 1890 | Democratic Union | |||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|13 | ![]() |
Charles de Freycinet (1828–1923) |
4 | 17 March 1890 | 27 February 1892 | Democratic Union | V (1889) | ||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|23 | ![]() |
Émile Loubet (1838–1929) |
• | 27 February 1892 | 6 December 1892 | Democratic Union | |||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Progressive Republicans (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|24 | ![]() |
Alexandre Ribot (1842–1923) |
1 | 6 December 1892 | 4 April 1893 | Liberal Republican Union | |||
2 | |||||||||
style="background:Template:Progressive Republicans (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|25 | ![]() |
Charles Dupuy (1851–1923) |
1 | 4 April 1893 | 3 December 1893 | Liberal Republican Union | |||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|26 | ![]() |
Jean Casimir-Perier (1847–1907) |
• | 3 December 1893 | 30 May 1894 | Democratic Union | VI (1893) | ||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Progressive Republicans (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|25 | ![]() |
Charles Dupuy (1851–1923) |
2 | 30 May 1894 | 26 January 1895 | Liberal Republican Union | |||
3 | rowspan=1 style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color;" |6 | Jean Casimir-Perier![]() (1894–1895) | |||||||
style="background:Template:Progressive Republicans (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|24 | ![]() |
Alexandre Ribot (1842–1923) |
3 | 26 January 1895 | 1 November 1895 | Liberal Republican Union | rowspan=5 style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color;" |7 | Félix Faure![]() (1895–1899) | |
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|27 | ![]() |
Léon Bourgeois (1851–1925) |
• | 1 November 1895 | 29 April 1896 | Radical Republican | |||
style="background:Template:Progressive Republicans (France)/meta/color;"|28 | ![]() |
Jules Méline (1838–1925) |
• | 29 April 1896 | 28 June 1898 | Liberal Republican Union | |||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|18 | ![]() |
Henri Brisson (1835–1912) |
2 | 28 June 1898 | 1 November 1898 | Radical Republicans | VII (1898) | ||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Progressive Republicans (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|25 | ![]() |
Charles Dupuy (1851–1923) |
4 | 1 November 1898 | 22 June 1899 | Liberal Republican Union | |||
5 | rowspan=1 style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color;" | | Émile Loubet![]() (1899–1906) | |||||||
style="background:Template:Opportunist Republicans/meta/color; color:white;"|29 | ![]() |
Pierre Waldeck-Rousseau (1846–1904) |
• | 22 June 1899 | 7 June 1902 | Democratic Union | rowspan=3 style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color;" |8 | ||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|30 | ![]() |
Émile Combes (1835–1921) |
• | 7 June 1902 | 24 January 1905 | Radical-Socialist Party (Bloc des gauches) |
VIII (1902) | ||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|20 | ![]() |
Maurice Rouvier (1842–1911) |
2 | 24 January 1905 | 12 March 1906 | Democratic Republican Alliance | |||
3 | rowspan=9 style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color;" |9 | Armand Fallières![]() (1906–1913) | |||||||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|31 | ![]() |
Ferdinand Sarrien (1840–1915) |
• | 12 March 1906 | 25 October 1906 | Radical-Socialist Party | |||
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:white;"|32 | ![]() |
Georges Clemenceau (1841–1929) |
1 | 25 October 1906 | 24 July 1909 | Independent | IX (1906) | ||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Republican-Socialist Party/meta/color;"|33 | ![]() |
Aristide Briand (1862–1932) |
1 | 24 July 1909 | 2 March 1911 | Republican-Socialist Party | |||
2 | |||||||||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|34 | ![]() |
Ernest Monis (1846–1929) |
• | 2 March 1911 | 27 June 1911 | Radical-Socialist Party | X (1910) | ||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|35 | ![]() |
Joseph Caillaux (1863–1944) |
• | 27 June 1911 | 21 January 1912 | Radical-Socialist Party | |||
style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|36 | ![]() |
Raymond Poincaré (1860–1934) |
1 | 21 January 1912 | 21 January 1913 | Republican Democratic Party | |||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Republican-Socialist Party/meta/color;"|33 | ![]() |
Aristide Briand (1862–1932) |
3 | 21 January 1913 | 22 March 1913 | Republican-Socialist Party | |||
4 | rowspan=12 style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color;" |10 | Raymond Poincaré![]() (1913–1920) | |||||||
style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|37 | ![]() |
Louis Barthou (1862–1934) |
• | 22 March 1913 | 9 December 1913 | Republican Democratic Party | |||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|38 | ![]() |
Gaston Doumergue (1863–1937) |
1 | 9 December 1913 | 9 June 1914 | Radical-Socialist Party | |||
style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|24 | ![]() |
Alexandre Ribot (1842–1923) |
4 | 9 June 1914 | 13 June 1914 | Republican Democratic Party | XI (1914) | ||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Republican-Socialist Party/meta/color;"|39 | ![]() |
René Viviani (1863–1925) |
1 | 13 June 1914 | 29 October 1915 | Republican-Socialist Party | |||
2 | |||||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Republican-Socialist Party/meta/color;"|33 | ![]() |
Aristide Briand (1862–1932) |
5 | 29 October 1915 | 20 March 1917 | Republican-Socialist Party | |||
6 | |||||||||
style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|24 | ![]() |
Alexandre Ribot (1842–1923) |
5 | 20 March 1917 | 12 September 1917 | Republican Democratic Party | |||
style="background:Template:Republican-Socialist Party/meta/color;"|40 | ![]() |
Paul Painlevé (1863–1933) |
1 | 12 September 1917 | 16 November 1917 | Republican-Socialist Party | |||
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:white;"|32 | ![]() |
Georges Clemenceau (1841–1929) |
2 | 16 November 1917 | 20 January 1920 | Independent | |||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color;"|41 | ![]() |
Alexandre Millerand (1859–1943) |
1 | 20 January 1920 | 24 September 1920 | Independent (National Bloc) |
XII (1919) | ||
2 | rowspan=1 style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color;" |11 | Paul Deschanel![]() (1920) | |||||||
style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|42 | ![]() |
Georges Leygues (1857–1933) |
• | 24 September 1920 | 16 January 1921 | Republican, Democratic and Social Party (National Bloc) |
rowspan=5 style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color;" |12 | Alexandre Millerand![]() (1920–1924) | |
style="background:Template:Republican-Socialist Party/meta/color;"|33 | ![]() |
Aristide Briand (1862–1932) |
7 | 16 January 1921 | 15 January 1922 | Republican-Socialist Party | |||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|36 | ![]() |
Raymond Poincaré (1860–1934) |
2 | 15 January 1922 | 8 June 1924 | Republican, Democratic and Social Party (National Bloc) | |||
3 | |||||||||
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:white;"|43 | ![]() |
Frédéric François-Marsal (1874–1958) |
• | 8 June 1924 | 15 June 1924 | Independent (National Bloc) |
XIII (1924) | ||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|45 | ![]() |
Édouard Herriot (1872–1957) |
1 | 15 June 1924 | 17 April 1925 | Radical-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches) |
rowspan=15 style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color;" |13 | Gaston Doumergue![]() (1924–1931) | |
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Republican-Socialist Party/meta/color;"|40 | ![]() |
Paul Painlevé (1863–1933) |
2 | 17 April 1925 | 28 November 1925 | Republican-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches) | |||
3 | |||||||||
rowspan=3 style="background:Template:Republican-Socialist Party/meta/color;"|33 | ![]() |
Aristide Briand (1862–1932) |
8 | 28 November 1925 | 20 July 1926 | Republican-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches) | |||
9 | |||||||||
10 | |||||||||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|45 | ![]() |
Édouard Herriot (1872–1957) |
2 | 20 July 1926 | 23 July 1926 | Radical-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches) | |||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|36 | ![]() |
Raymond Poincaré (1860–1934) |
4 | 23 July 1926 | 29 July 1929 | Democratic Alliance (National Union) | |||
5 | |||||||||
style="background:Template:Republican-Socialist Party/meta/color;"|33 | ![]() |
Aristide Briand (1862–1932) |
11 | 29 July 1929 | 2 November 1929 | Republican-Socialist Party | XIV (1928) | ||
style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|46 | ![]() |
André Tardieu (1876–1945) |
1 | 2 November 1929 | 21 February 1930 | Democratic Alliance | |||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|47 | ![]() |
Camille Chautemps (1885–1963) |
1 | 21 February 1930 | 2 March 1930 | Radical-Socialist Party | |||
style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|46 | ![]() |
André Tardieu (1876–1945) |
2 | 2 March 1930 | 13 December 1930 | Democratic Alliance | |||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|48 | ![]() |
Théodore Steeg (1868–1950) |
• | 13 December 1930 | 27 January 1931 | Radical-Socialist Party | |||
rowspan=3 style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:white;"|49 | ![]() |
Pierre Laval (1883–1945) |
1 | 27 January 1931 | 20 February 1932 | Independent (National Bloc) | |||
2 | rowspan=3 style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color;" |14 | Paul Doumer![]() (1931–1932) | |||||||
3 | |||||||||
style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|46 | ![]() |
André Tardieu (1876–1945) |
3 | 20 February 1932 | 3 June 1932 | Democratic Alliance | |||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|45 | ![]() |
Édouard Herriot (1872–1957) |
3 | 3 June 1932 | 18 December 1932 | Radical-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches) |
XV (1932) | rowspan=20 style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color;" |15 | Albert Lebrun![]() (1932–1940) |
style="background:Template:Republican-Socialist Party/meta/color;"|50 | ![]() |
Joseph Paul-Boncour (1873–1972) |
• | 18 December 1932 | 31 January 1933 | Republican-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches) | |||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|51 | ![]() |
Édouard Daladier (1884–1970) |
1 | 31 January 1933 | 26 October 1933 | Radical-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches) | |||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|52 | ![]() |
Albert Sarraut (1872–1962) |
1 | 26 October 1933 | 26 November 1933 | Radical-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches) | |||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|47 | ![]() |
Camille Chautemps (1885–1963) |
2 | 26 November 1933 | 30 January 1934 | Radical-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches) | |||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|51 | ![]() |
Édouard Daladier (1884–1970) |
2 | 30 January 1934 | 9 February 1934 | Radical-Socialist Party (Cartel des Gauches) | |||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|38 | ![]() |
Gaston Doumergue (1863–1937) |
2 | 9 February 1934 | 8 November 1934 | Radical-Socialist Party (Government of National Union) | |||
style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|53 | ![]() |
Pierre-Étienne Flandin (1889–1958) |
1 | 8 November 1934 | 1 June 1935 | Democratic Alliance | |||
style="background:Template:Republican-Socialist Party/meta/color;"|54 | ![]() |
Fernand Bouisson (1874–1959) |
• | 1 June 1935 | 7 June 1935 | Republican-Socialist Party | |||
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:white;"|49 | ![]() |
Pierre Laval (1883–1945) |
4 | 7 June 1935 | 24 January 1936 | Independent (National Bloc) | |||
style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|52 | ![]() |
Albert Sarraut (1872–1962) |
2 | 24 January 1936 | 4 June 1936 | Radical-Socialist Party | |||
style="background:Template:French Section of the Workers International/meta/color; color:white;"|55 | ![]() |
Léon Blum (1872–1950) |
1 | 4 June 1936 | 22 June 1937 | French Section of the Workers' International (Popular Front) |
XVI (1936) | ||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|47 | ![]() |
Camille Chautemps (1885–1963) |
3 | 22 June 1937 | 13 March 1938 | Radical-Socialist Party (Popular Front) | |||
4 | |||||||||
style="background:Template:French Section of the Workers International/meta/color; color:white;"|55 | ![]() |
Léon Blum (1872–1950) |
2 | 13 March 1938 | 10 April 1938 | French Section of the Workers' International (Popular Front) | |||
rowspan=3 style="background:Template:Radical Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|51 | ![]() |
Édouard Daladier (1884–1970) |
3 | 10 April 1938 | 21 March 1940 | Radical-Socialist Party | |||
4 | |||||||||
5 | |||||||||
style="background:Template:Democratic Alliance (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|56 | ![]() |
Paul Reynaud (1878–1966) |
• | 21 March 1940 | 16 June 1940 | Democratic Alliance | |||
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:white;"|57 | ![]() |
Philippe Pétain (1856–1951) |
• | 16 June 1940 | 11 July 1940 | Independent |
Vichy France (1940–1945)
Presidents and Vice Presidents of the Council of Ministers, President of the French Governmental Commission
Political party
Portrait | President | Vice President | Government | Took office | Left office | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() |
Philippe Pétain | Pierre Laval | 5 | 11 July 1940 | 13 December 1940 | |
Pierre-Étienne Flandin | 2 | 13 December 1940 | 9 February 1941 | |||
François Darlan | • | 9 February 1941 | 18 April 1942 | |||
![]() |
Pierre Laval | Position abolished | 6 | 18 April 1942 | 20 August 1944 | |
![]() |
Fernand de Brinon | Position abolished | • | 25 August 1944 | 22 April 1945 |
Provisional Government of the French Republic (1944–1946)
Chairmen of the Provisional Government
- Political parties
Independent
French Section of the Workers' International
Popular Republican Movement
Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party (Political Coalition) |
Legislature (Election) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
style="background:Template:Independent/meta/color; color:white;" rowspan=2|59 | ![]() |
Charles de Gaulle (1890–1970) |
1 | 20 August 1944 | 26 January 1946 | Independent | Provisional |
2 | I (1945) | ||||||
style="background:Template:French Section of the Workers International/meta/color; color:white;"|60 | ![]() |
Félix Gouin (1884–1977) |
• | 26 January 1946 | 24 June 1946 | French Section of the Workers' International (Tripartisme) | |
style="background:Template:Popular Republican Movement/meta/color; color:white;"|61 | ![]() |
Georges Bidault (1899–1983) |
1 | 24 June 1946 | 28 November 1946 | Popular Republican Movement (Tripartisme) |
II (June 1946) |
style="background:Template:French Section of the Workers International/meta/color; color:white;"|– | ![]() |
Vincent Auriol (1884–1966) (interim) |
– | 28 November 1946 | 16 December 1946 | French Section of the Workers' International (Tripartisme) |
IV Rep. I (Nov.1946) |
style="background:Template:French Section of the Workers International/meta/color; color:white;"|62 | ![]() |
Léon Blum (1872–1950) |
3 | 16 December 1946 | 22 January 1947 | French Section of the Workers' International (Tripartisme) |
Fourth French Republic (1946–1958)
Presidents of the Council of Ministers
- Political parties
French Section of the Workers' International
Radical Party
Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance
Popular Republican Movement
National Centre of Independents and Peasants
Union for the New Republic
Fifth French Republic (1958–present)
This was the first time when the term Prime Minister was used, rather than President of the Council of Ministers, reflecting the new power-sharing with the President of the Republic, who had before then been only head of state but not head of government.
Prime Ministers
- Political parties
Independent
Gaullist (UNR/UDR/RPR)
Centrist (REM)
Liberal-centrist (PR/UDF)
Socialist
Neo-Gaullist (UMP/LR)
Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) |
Term of office | Political Party (Political Coalition) |
Legislature (Election) |
President (Term) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
style="background:Template:Union for the New Republic/meta/color; color:white;"|79 | ![]() |
Michel Debré (1912–1996) |
• | 8 January 1959 | 14 April 1962 | Union for the New Republic | I (1958) | rowspan=6 style="background:Template:Union for the New Republic/meta/color;" |18 | Charles de Gaulle![]() (1959–1969) |
style="background:Template:Union for the New Republic/meta/color; color:white;" rowspan=4|80 | ![]() |
Georges Pompidou (1911–1974) |
1 | 14 April 1962 | 7 December 1962 | ||||
2 | 7 December 1962 | 8 January 1966 | II (1962) | ||||||
3 | 8 January 1966 | 1 April 1967 | |||||||
4 | 5 April 1967 | 10 July 1968 | III (1967) | ||||||
style="background:Template:Union of Democrats for the Republic/meta/color; color:white;"|81 | ![]() |
Maurice Couve de Murville (1907–1999) |
• | 10 July 1968 | 20 June 1969 | Union of Democrats for the Republic | IV (1968) | ||
style="background:Template:Union of Democrats for the Republic/meta/color; color:white;"|82 | ![]() |
Jacques Chaban-Delmas (1915–2000) |
• | 20 June 1969 | 6 July 1972 | rowspan="4" style="background:Template:Union of Democrats for the Republic/meta/color;" |19 | Georges Pompidou![]() (1969–1974) | ||
style="background:Template:Union of Democrats for the Republic/meta/color; color:white;" rowspan=3|83 | Pierre Messmer (1916–2007) |
1 | 6 July 1972 | 5 April 1973 | |||||
2 | 5 April 1973 | 1 March 1974 | V (1973) | ||||||
3 | 1 March 1974 | 27 May 1974 | |||||||
style="background:Template:Union of Democrats for the Republic/meta/color; color:white;"|84 | ![]() |
Jacques Chirac (1932–) |
1 | 27 May 1974 | 26 August 1976 | rowspan="4" style="background:Template:Republican Party (France)/meta/color;" |20 | Valéry Giscard d'Estaing![]() (1974–1981) | ||
style="background:Template:Independent (politician)/meta/color; color:white;" rowspan=2|85 | ![]() |
Raymond Barre (1924–2007) |
1 | 26 August 1976 | 29 March 1977 | Independent | |||
2 | 29 March 1977 | 31 March 1978 | |||||||
style="background:Template:Union for French Democracy/meta/color; color:white;"|85 | 3 | 31 March 1978 | 21 May 1981 | Union for French Democracy | VI (1978) | ||||
style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;" rowspan=3|86 | ![]() |
Pierre Mauroy (1928–2013) |
1 | 21 May 1981 | 23 June 1981 | Socialist Party | rowspan=10 style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color;" |21 | François Mitterrand![]() (1981–1995) | |
2 | 23 June 1981 | 23 March 1983 | VII (1981) | ||||||
3 | 23 March 1983 | 17 July 1984 | |||||||
style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|87 | ![]() |
Laurent Fabius (1946–) |
• | 17 July 1984 | 20 March 1986 | ||||
style="background:Template:Rally for the Republic/meta/color; color:white;"|84 | ![]() |
Jacques Chirac (1932–) |
2 | 20 March 1986 | 10 May 1988 | Rally for the Republic | VIII (1986) | ||
style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;" rowspan=2|88 | Michel Rocard (1930–2016) |
1 | 10 May 1988 | 22 June 1988 | Socialist Party | ||||
2 | 23 June 1988 | 15 May 1991 | IX (1988) | ||||||
style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|89 | ![]() |
Édith Cresson (1934–) |
• | 15 May 1991 | 2 April 1992 | ||||
style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|90 | File:Beregovoy.jpg | Pierre Bérégovoy (1925–1993) |
• | 2 April 1992 | 29 March 1993 | ||||
style="background:Template:Rally for the Republic/meta/color; color:white;"|91 | ![]() |
Édouard Balladur (1929–) |
• | 29 March 1993 | 17 May 1995 | Rally for the Republic | X (1993) | ||
style="background:Template:Rally for the Republic/meta/color; color:white;" rowspan=2|92 | ![]() |
Alain Juppé (1945–) |
1 | 18 May 1995 | 7 November 1995 | rowspan="7" style="background:Template:Rally for the Republic/meta/color;" |22 | Jacques Chirac![]() (1995–2007) | ||
2 | 7 November 1995 | 3 June 1997 | |||||||
style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|93 | ![]() |
Lionel Jospin (1937–) |
• | 3 June 1997 | 6 May 2002 | Socialist Party | XI (1997) | ||
style="background:Template:Union for a Popular Movement/meta/color; color:white;" rowspan=3|94 | ![]() |
Jean-Pierre Raffarin (1948–) |
1 | 7 May 2002 | 17 June 2002 | Liberal Democracy then Union for a Popular Movement | |||
2 | 17 June 2002 | 30 March 2004 | XII (2002) | ||||||
3 | 31 March 2004 | 31 May 2005 | |||||||
style="background:Template:Union for a Popular Movement/meta/color; color:white;"|95 | ![]() |
Dominique de Villepin (1953–) |
• | 31 May 2005 | 15 May 2007 | Union for a Popular Movement | |||
style="background:Template:Union for a Popular Movement/meta/color; color:white;" rowspan=3|96 | ![]() |
François Fillon (1954–) |
1 | 17 May 2007 | 18 June 2007 | rowspan="3" style="background:Template:Union for a Popular Movement/meta/color;" |23 | Nicolas Sarkozy![]() (2007–2012) | ||
2 | 19 June 2007 | 13 November 2010 | XIII (2007) | ||||||
3 | 14 November 2010 | 10 May 2012 | |||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|97 | ![]() |
Jean-Marc Ayrault (1950–) |
1 | 15 May 2012 | 18 June 2012 | Socialist Party | rowspan=5 style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color;" |24 | François Hollande![]() (2012–2017) | |
2 | 18 June 2012 | 31 March 2014 | XIV (2012) | ||||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|98 | Manuel Valls (1962–) |
1 | 31 March 2014 | 25 August 2014 | |||||
2 | 25 August 2014 | 6 December 2016 | |||||||
style="background:Template:Socialist Party (France)/meta/color; color:white;"|99 | ![]() |
Bernard Cazeneuve (1963–) |
• | 6 December 2016 | 10 May 2017 | ||||
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:Miscellaneous right/meta/color; color:white;"|100 | ![]() |
Édouard Philippe (1970–) |
1 | 15 May 2017 | 19 June 2017 | The Republicans Then miscellaneous right |
rowspan=2 style="background:Template:La République En Marche!/meta/color|25 | Emmanuel Macron![]() | |
2 | 19 June 2017 | Incumbent | XV (2017) |
Timeline since 1959
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See also
- History of France
- Politics of France
- Chief Minister of France
- List of Foreign Ministers of France
- President of the French Republic
External links
- List on the website of the French Prime Minister (in French)