List of state leaders in 1870

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 1870.

Africa

• Ashanti Confederacy – Kofi Karikari, Asantehene (1867–1874)
• Kingdom of Buganda – Muteesa I (1856–1884)
• Bunyoro – Kitahimbwa, Omukama of Bunyoro (1869–1902)
• Kingdom of Burundi – Mwezi IV Gisabo (1852–1908)
• Kingdom of Dahomey – Glele (1856–1889)
• Ethiopian Empire – Tekle Giyorgis II (1868–1871)
• Liberia
  • President -
    1. James Spriggs Payne (1868–1870)
    2. Edward James Roye (1870–1871)
• Kingdom of Rwanda – Kigeli IV (1853–1895)
• Sokoto Caliphate
  • Caliph – Ahmad Rufa'i (1867–1873)
  • Grand Vizier - Ibrahim Khalilu (1859-c.1874)
• Sultanate of Zanzibar –
  1. Majid bin Said (1856–1870)
  2. Barghash bin Said (1870–1888)
• Zulu – Mpande kaSenzangakhona, King of the Zulu (1840–1872)

Asia

• Emirate of Afghanistan – Sher Ali Khan (1868–1879)
• Sultanate of Brunei – Abdul Momin (1852–1885)
• China (Qing dynasty) - Tongzhi Emperor (1861–1875)
• Empire of Japan – Monarch – Emperor Meiji (1867–1912)
  • Ryukyu Kingdom - Shō Tai (1848-11 March 1879)
• Joseon (Korea) – Gojong (1864–1907, Emperor after 1897)
• Sultanate of Oman – Azzan bin Qais (1868–1871)
• Đại Nam (Nguyễn dynasty) - Tự Đức, Emperor] (1847–1883)

Europe

• Austria-Hungary – Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary (1848–1916)
  • Foreign Minister of Austria-Hungary - Count Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust (1867–1871)
  • Minister-President of Austria
  1. Count Eduard von Taaffe (1868–1870)
  2. Ignaz von Plener (1870)
  3. Leopold Hasner von Artha (1870)
  4. Count Alfred von Potocki-Pilawa (1870–1871)
  • Minister-President of Hungary - Count Gyula Andrássy (1867–1871)
• Kingdom of Bavaria – Ludwig II (1864–1886)
• Belgium
  • Monarch – Léopold II, King of the Belgians (1865–1909)
  • Cabinet Chief -
    1. H.-J.-W. Frère-Orban (1868–1870, 1878–1884)
    2. Jules Joseph d'Anethan (1870–1871)
• Kingdom of Denmark
  • Monarch – Christian IX (1863–1906)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Christian Emil (1865–1870)
    2. Ludvig Henrik Carl Herman (1870–1874)
• Second French Empire –
  • Head of State -
    1. Napoleon III (1852–1870)
    2. Jules Trochu, President of the Government of National Defense (1870–1871)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Émile Ollivier (1870)
    2. Charles Guillaume Cousin-Montauban, comte de Palikao (1870)
    3. Jules Trochu, President of the Council (1870–1871)
• Kingdom of Greece –
  • Monarch – George I (1863–1913)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Thrasyvoulos Zaimis (1869–1870)
    2. Epameinondas Deligiorgis (1870)
    3. Alexandros Koumoundouros (1870–1871)
• Hamburg – Ferdinand Haller, First Burgomaster of Hamburg (1863–1864; 1866–1868; 1870; and again 1872–1873)
• Holy See – Pope Pius IX (1846–1878, Papal States until 1870)
• Kingdom of Italy –
  • Monarch – Vittorio Emanuele II (1861–1878)
  • Prime Minister - Giovanni Lanza (1869–1873)
• Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
  • Monarch – William III of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
  • Prime Minister - Emmanuel Servais (1867–1874)
• Netherlands
  • Monarch – William III, King of the Netherlands (1849–1890)
  • Chairman of the Dutch Council of Ministers - Pieter Philip van Bosse (1868–1871)
• United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway - Carl IV (1859–1872)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire
  • Sultan – Abdülaziz (1861–1876)
  • Grand Vizier – Mehmed Emin Aali Pasha (1867–1871)
• Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves
  • Monarch – Luís I (1861–1889)
  • President of the Council of Ministers -
    1. Duke of Loulé (1869–1870)
    2. Duke of Saldanha (1870)
    3. Marquess of Sá da Bandeira (1870)
    4. Marquess of Ávila (1870–1871)
• Kingdom of Prussia –
  • Monarch – Wilhelm I (1861–1888)
  • Minister President - Otto von Bismarck (1862–1873)
• United Principalities (Romania) – Carol I (1866–1881)
• Russian Empire – Alexander II (1855–1881)
• Kingdom of Saxony – Johann (1854–1873)
• Kingdom of Spain –
  • Monarch -
    1. Francisco Serrano y Domínguez, Duke de la Torre, Regent (1869–1870)
    2. Amadeus (1870–1873)
  • Prime Minister -
    1. Juan Prim (1869–1870)
    2. Juan Bautista Topete Carballo, Acting Prime Minister (1870–1871)
• Kingdom of Sweden – United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway - Charles XV (1859–1872)
• United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
  • Monarch – Victoria (1837–1901)
  • Prime Minister - William Ewart Gladstone (1868–1874, 1880–1885, 1886, 1892–1894)
• Kingdom of Württemberg – Karl (1864–1891)

Middle East and North Africa

• Abu Dhabi – Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan, Shaikh of Abu Dhabi (1855–1909)
• Khedivate of Egypt (Under Ottoman Empire suzerainty)- Isma'il (1867–1879)
• Sultanate of Morocco – Muhammad IV (1859–1873)

North America and Caribbean

• Canada -
  • Monarch – Victoria, Queen of Canada (1837–1901)
  • Governor General - Lord Lisgar (1869–1872)
  • Prime Minister - John A. Macdonald (1867–1873)
• Costa Rica –
  1. Jesús Jiménez Zamora, President of Costa Rica (1868–1870)
  2. Bruno Carranza Ramírez, President of Costa Rica (1870)
  3. Tomás Guardia Gutiérrez, President of Costa Rica (1870–1876)
• Dominican Republic - Buenaventura Báez, President of the Dominican Republic (1868–1874)
• El Salvador - Francisco Dueñas, President of El Salvador (1863–1871)
• Guatemala - Vicente Cerna Sandoval, President of Guatemala (1865–1871)
• Haiti – Nissage Saget, President of Haiti (1869–1874)
• Honduras - José María Medina, President of Honduras (1864–1872)
• Mexico - Benito Juárez, President of Mexico (1867–1872)
• Nicaragua - Fernando Guzmán Solórzano, President of Nicaragua (1867–1871)
• United States - Ulysses S. Grant, President of the United States (1869–1877)

Oceania

• Fiji – Seru Epenisa Cakobau, King of Fiji (1852–1874)
• Kingdom of Hawaii – Kamehameha V (1863–1872)
• Samoa – Malietoa Talavou Tonumaipe’a, Malietoa (1860–1880)
• Tahiti – Pōmare IV, Queen of Tahiti (1827–1877)
• Tonga – Tāufaʻāhau, Tu'i Kanokupolu (1845–1893)

South America

• Argentina – Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, President of Argentina (1868–1874)
• Bolivia – Mariano Melgarejo, President of Bolivia (1864–1871)
• Empire of Brazil –
  • Monarch – Pedro II (1831–1889)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Joaquim Rodrigues Torres, Viscount of Itaboraí, President of the cabinet of ministers (1868–1870)
    2. José Antônio Pimenta Bueno, Marquis of São Vicente, President of the cabinet of ministers (1870–1871)
• Chile – José Joaquín Pérez, President of Chile (1866–1871)
• United States of Colombia –
  1. Santos Gutiérrez Prieto, President of Colombia (1868–1870)
  2. Eustorgio Salgar Moreno, President of Colombia (1870–1872)
• Ecuador – Gabriel García Moreno, President of Ecuador (1869–1875)
• Paraguay –
  1. Cirilo Antonio Rivarola, President of Paraguay (1869–1870)
  2. Facundo Machaín, President of Paraguay (1870)
  3. Cirilo Antonio Rivarola, President of Paraguay (1870–1871)
• Peru – José Balta, President of Peru (1868–1872)
• Uruguay – Lorenzo Batlle y Grau, President of Uruguay (1868–1872)
• Venezuela –
  1. José Ruperto Monagas, President of Venezuela (1869–1870)
  2. Guillermo Tell Villegas, President of Venezuela (1870)
  3. Antonio Guzmán Blanco, President of Venezuela (1870–1877)