Mexico–Norway relations
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Mexico-Norway relations refers to the diplomatic relations between Mexico and Norway. Both nations are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the United Nations.
History
Norway recognized Mexico after the latter obtained its independence from Spain in 1821. At the time, Norway was part of the Union between Sweden and Norway. Mexico and the Union established diplomatic relations in 1885.[1] The union disbanded in 1905 and Norway became an independent nation. In 1906, Mexico established diplomatic relations with Norway.
In 1910 Norway established an embassy in Mexico City and Mexico would established an embassy in Oslo a few years later. Early relations were mainly between Norwegian fishing vessels that would arrive to Veracruz to trade in cod.[2] During World War II, Mexico maintained diplomatic relations with the Norwegian government in exile.[3] After the war, both nations re-opened their embassies, respectively. In June 2002, Mexico closed its embassy in Oslo due to "financial restraints". The embassy was re-opened in 2014.[4]
State visits
Royal and Prime Ministerial visits from Norway to Mexico:[5][6][7][8][9][10]
- Crown Prince Harald (1968)
- Prime Minister Kjell Magne Bondevik (2002)
- Crown Prince Haakon (2009, 2012)
- Prime Minister Jens Stoltenberg (April and December 2010)
- Prime Minister Erna Solberg (2018)
As of yet, no Mexican President has paid a visit to Norway.
Agreements
Both nations have signed mutual agreements on the following:
Trade
In 2001, Mexico signed a free trade agreement with the European Free Trade Association member nations, which includes Norway. In 2017, two-way trade between both nations amounted to $219 million USD.[13] Mexico's main exports to Norway include equipment for petroleum and gas as well as beer while Norway's main exports to Mexico include mostly chemical based products. Between 1999 - 2012, Norwegian companies invested over $91 million USD into Mexico.[14] Both nations are major petroleum producing nations and with the new energy reforms taking place in Mexico, it is expected that Norwegian companies such as Statoil will increase investment into the Mexican energy sector and national petroleum company (Pemex) over the coming years.[15] Mexican multinational companies such as Cemex and Mexichem operate in Norway. Norwegian company's Norsk Hydro and Statoil operate in Mexico.
Resident diplomatic missions
- Mexico has an embassy in Oslo.[16]
- Norway has an embassy in Mexico City.[17]
See also
References
- ^ Senate of Mexico: Norway (in Spanish)
- ^ "Relaciones bilaterales entre México y Noruega". Noruega.org.mx. 2013-09-06. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
- ^ a b Innecesario enfriamiento con Noruega (in Spanish)
- ^ The Mexican Moment
- ^ King Harald V of Norway to celebrate 25 years on the throne
- ^ Norwegian Prime Minister Kjell Magne Bondevik attends the Monterrey Consensus Conference in Monterrey, Mexico; 2002. (in Spanish)
- ^ Agencia Reforma / México, Df. (2009-03-17). "Ven nueva relación México- Noruega". Elsiglodetorreon.com.mx. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
- ^ "Client Validation". Calderon.presidencia.gob.mx. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
- ^ "MENSAJE DESPEDIDA A LAS COMUNIDADES MEXICANAS EMBAJADORA MARTHA BARCENA COQUI" (PDF). Mexicodiplomatico.org. Retrieved 2015-05-29.
- ^ Visita Oficial de la Primera Ministra del Reino de Noruega, Erna Solberg (in Spanish)
- ^ Agreement between Mexico and Norway on avoidance of double taxation (in Spanish)
- ^ Agricultural agreement between Mexico and Norway (in Spanish)
- ^ Mexican Ministry of the Economy: Norway (in Spanish)
- ^ Trade between Mexico and Norway (in Spanish)
- ^ H.E. Merethe Nergaard, Norwegian Ambassador to Mexico
- ^ Embassy of Mexico in Oslo
- ^ Embassy of Norway in Mexico City
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